沙拐枣幼苗生理特性对风速变化的响应
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摘要
为了研究沙拐枣(Calligonum mongolicm Turcz.)幼苗生理特性对风速变化的响应,利用风洞分别模拟5、8、11、14和17m·s~(-1)持续30min的风吹条件,测定风吹后幼苗同化枝的丙二醛、叶绿素和脯氨酸含量及其抗氧化酶活性。结果显示,和未吹风对照相比,不同风速吹袭后沙拐枣幼苗同化枝的各生理指标均发生了不同程度的变化,除8m·s~(-1)和17m·s~(-1)风速条件下过氧化物酶活性有显著差异(P<0.05)外,其余各风速条件与对照以及不同风速条件之间的各生理指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。在风速由小到大的变化过程中,沙拐枣幼苗的丙二醛含量先下降后上升,叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量先上升后下降,叶绿素a和b的比值先下降后上升,超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性先上升后下降,过氧化物酶活性先下降后上升,脯氨酸含量呈波动式变化。结果表明:低风速对沙拐枣幼苗的生理过程没有影响甚至是有利的,表现为超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性升高,总叶绿素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量增加,叶绿素a和b的比值下降,丙二醛含量下降;高风速对沙拐枣幼苗的生理过程具有不同程度的影响,表现为过氧化物酶活性升高,总叶绿素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量降低,叶绿素a和b的比值升高,丙二醛含量升高,同化枝受到肉眼可见的伤害。
Calligonum mongolicum seedlings were subjected to half an hour's blowing by 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17 m·s~(-1) wind speed respectively for studying the physiological responses of the seedlings to wind speed. The content of malondialdehyde, chlorophyll and proline, and autioxidant enzyme activities were measured after the seedlings were blown. The measured results revealed different changes of every physiological index in contrast to control check or between any two wind speed levels. The peroxidase activity of the seedlings blown by 8 m·s~(-1) wind speed was significantly different from it in 17 m·s~(-1) wind speed. Beyond that, among groups with different levels of wind speed, there was no significant difference in the content of malondialdehyde, chlorophyll and proline, and the activity of autioxidant enzyme. With increasing of wind speed, the malondialdehyde content decreased firstly then increased, and the content of chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll increased firstly then decreased, and the ratio of chlorophyll-a to chlorophyll-b decreased firstly then increased, and the superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities increased firstly then decreased, and peroxidase activity decreased firstly then increased, and the proline content showed a fluctuating pattern. The studies on the changes of physiological indexes unveiled response mechanism of C. mongolicum seedling to wind. Under low wind speed, the seedling was almost unaffected by wind and presented the physiological characteristics of decreased malondialdehyde content, increased chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll content, decreased ration of chlorophyll-a to chlorophyll-b and decreased proline content because of the antioxidant protection of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase. Then, with increasing of wind speed, the seedling was damaged by wind resulted from decreased activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase. The protective effect of antioxidant enzymes was very limited although the peroxidase activity increased. And the seedling presented the physiological characteristics of increased malondialdehyde content, decreased chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll content, increased ration of chlorophyll-a to chlorophyll-b and increased proline content.
Calligonum mongolicum seedlings were subjected to half an hour's blowing by 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17 m·s~(-1) wind speed respectively for studying the physiological responses of the seedlings to wind speed. The content of malondialdehyde, chlorophyll and proline, and autioxidant enzyme activities were measured after the seedlings were blown. The measured results revealed different changes of every physiological index in contrast to control check or between any two wind speed levels. The peroxidase activity of the seedlings blown by 8 m·s~(-1) wind speed was significantly different from it in 17 m·s~(-1) wind speed. Beyond that, among groups with different levels of wind speed, there was no significant difference in the content of malondialdehyde, chlorophyll and proline, and the activity of autioxidant enzyme. With increasing of wind speed, the malondialdehyde content decreased firstly then increased, and the content of chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll increased firstly then decreased, and the ratio of chlorophyll-a to chlorophyll-b decreased firstly then increased, and the superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities increased firstly then decreased, and peroxidase activity decreased firstly then increased, and the proline content showed a fluctuating pattern. The studies on the changes of physiological indexes unveiled response mechanism of C. mongolicum seedling to wind. Under low wind speed, the seedling was almost unaffected by wind and presented the physiological characteristics of decreased malondialdehyde content, increased chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll content, decreased ration of chlorophyll-a to chlorophyll-b and decreased proline content because of the antioxidant protection of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase. Then, with increasing of wind speed, the seedling was damaged by wind resulted from decreased activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase. The protective effect of antioxidant enzymes was very limited although the peroxidase activity increased. And the seedling presented the physiological characteristics of increased malondialdehyde content, decreased chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll content, increased ration of chlorophyll-a to chlorophyll-b and increased proline content.
引文
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[17] 滕祥金,王莹,张晶红,等.北方地区多年生黑麦草品种抗寒性比较研究[J].中国草地学报,2011,33(3):112-114.
[18] 汪月霞,孙国荣,王建波,等.NaCl胁迫下星星草幼苗MDA含量与膜透性及叶绿素荧光参数之间的关系[J].生态学报,2006,26(1):122-129.
[19] 马会雷,张婷凤,周瑞莲,等.海岸不同坡向滨麦光合特性与风速异质环境的关系[J].生态学报,2018,38(10):3504-3513.
[20] 李瑾,赵哈林,周瑞莲,等.玉米(Zea mays)幼苗对风吹的生理响应[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(1):71-77.
[2] 张琳琳,赵晓英,原慧.风对植物的作用及植物适应对策研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2013,28(12):1349-1353.
[3] 张琳琳.长期大风对霸王根系分布的影响[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2014.
[4] 于云江,辛越勇,刘家琼,等.风和风沙流对不同固沙植物生理状况的影响[J].植物学报,1998,40(10):83-89.
[5] 唐霞,崔建垣,曲浩,等.风对科尔沁地区几种常见作物幼苗光合、蒸腾特性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(3):471-476.
[6] 赵哈林,李瑾,周瑞莲,等.风和风沙流对玉米幼苗叶片膜透性和膜保护系统的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(12):1440-1445.
[7] 解婷婷,苏培玺,周紫鹃,等.荒漠绿洲过渡带沙拐枣种群结构及动态特征[J].生态学报,2014,34(15):4272-4279.
[8] 时永杰.沙拐枣属植物的种类分布及其在生态环境建设中的作用[J].中国兽医医药杂志,2003(S1):37-39.
[9] Kou X H,Wu M S,Li L,et al.Effects of CaCl2 dipping and pullulan coating on the development of brown spot on 'Huangguan'pears during cold storage[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2015,99:63-72.
[10] 陈建勋,王晓峰.植物生理学实验指导[M].第二版,广州:华南理工大学出版社,2006.
[11] 朱广廉,钟诲文,张爱琴.植物生理学实验[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1990.
[12] Venisse S J,Malnoy M,Faize M,et al.Modulation of defense responses of Malus spp.during compatible and incompatible interactions with Erwinia amylovora[J].Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,2002,15(12):1204-1212.
[13] Fan M C,Li W X,Hu X L,et al.Effect of micro-vacuum storage on active oxygen metabolism,internal browning and related enzyme activities in Laiyang pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Reld)[J].LWT - Food Science and Technology,2016,72:467-474.
[14] Nakano Y,Asada K.Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts[J].Plant and Cell Physiology,1981,22(5):867-880.
[15] 胡根海,王清连,张金宝,等.早熟棉花新材料叶绿素含量的变化规律[J].湖北农业科学,2009,48(12):2970-2972.
[16] 庄丽,陈亚宁,李卫红,等.干旱区荒漠植被丙二醛及保护酶活性对地下水位的响应[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(5):723-733.
[17] 滕祥金,王莹,张晶红,等.北方地区多年生黑麦草品种抗寒性比较研究[J].中国草地学报,2011,33(3):112-114.
[18] 汪月霞,孙国荣,王建波,等.NaCl胁迫下星星草幼苗MDA含量与膜透性及叶绿素荧光参数之间的关系[J].生态学报,2006,26(1):122-129.
[19] 马会雷,张婷凤,周瑞莲,等.海岸不同坡向滨麦光合特性与风速异质环境的关系[J].生态学报,2018,38(10):3504-3513.
[20] 李瑾,赵哈林,周瑞莲,等.玉米(Zea mays)幼苗对风吹的生理响应[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(1):71-77.