阳澄西湖叶绿素a的时空分布及其与环境因子的关系
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摘要
根据2015年3月~2016年2月对阳澄西湖水体叶绿素a和水质理化因子的逐月监测结果表明,阳澄西湖叶绿素a浓度存在着明显的季节变化,其全年变化范围为11.93μg/L~66.67μg/L,平均值为27.54μg/L±20.34μg/L。最小值出现在2016年1月,最大值出现在2015年8月。叶绿素a在空间分布上也存在着差异,叶绿素a在断面Ⅰ浓度最高,其次是断面Ⅱ和断面Ⅳ,断面Ⅲ最低。根据综合营养状态指数法计算阳澄西湖营养状态,得出综合营养状态指数范围为50.7~59.3,年平均值为55.6,水体总体处于"轻度富营养"状态。综合pearson相关系数和逐步回归方程,结果表明叶绿素a与水温呈极显著正相关,与溶解氧呈极显著负相关,与透明度呈极显著负相关。结合生产实践对阳澄西湖总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和氮磷比(N/P)取对数进行pearson相关性分析并建立一元线性回归方程,结果表明叶绿素a浓度与总氮无相关关系,与总磷呈极显著正相关,与氮磷比呈极显著负相关,阳澄西湖可能是一定程度的磷限制湖泊。
Monthly monitoring from March 2015 to February 2016,temporal-spatial dynamics of chlorophyll-a in the Yangcheng West Lake and also the potential influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that,seasonal variation of chlorophyll-a in were obvious,ranging from 11. 93 μg/L to 66. 67 μg/L and with an annual mean value of 27. 54 μg/L ± 20. 34 μg/L. The minimum and maximum value of chlorophyll-a concentration appeared in January 2016 and August 2015,respectively. The concentration of chlorophyll-a was different in the spatial distribution. The content of chlorophyll-a reached the highest in the section I,followed by section II and Section IV,and section III was the lowest. The comprehensive trophic state index was 50. 7-59. 3,and the annual mean value was 55. 6. In general, the lakes was in a state of mesotrophic. According to Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analyses, chlorophyll-a was significantly positively correlated with water temperature and negatively with dissolved oxygen and transparency. Pearson correlation analysis was further carried ou twith total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus(N/P).Chla was found to correlated weakly with total nitrogen while significantly positively with total phosphorus,and negatively correlated with N/P ratio,suggesting a limitation by phosphorus.
Monthly monitoring from March 2015 to February 2016,temporal-spatial dynamics of chlorophyll-a in the Yangcheng West Lake and also the potential influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that,seasonal variation of chlorophyll-a in were obvious,ranging from 11. 93 μg/L to 66. 67 μg/L and with an annual mean value of 27. 54 μg/L ± 20. 34 μg/L. The minimum and maximum value of chlorophyll-a concentration appeared in January 2016 and August 2015,respectively. The concentration of chlorophyll-a was different in the spatial distribution. The content of chlorophyll-a reached the highest in the section I,followed by section II and Section IV,and section III was the lowest. The comprehensive trophic state index was 50. 7-59. 3,and the annual mean value was 55. 6. In general, the lakes was in a state of mesotrophic. According to Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analyses, chlorophyll-a was significantly positively correlated with water temperature and negatively with dissolved oxygen and transparency. Pearson correlation analysis was further carried ou twith total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus(N/P).Chla was found to correlated weakly with total nitrogen while significantly positively with total phosphorus,and negatively correlated with N/P ratio,suggesting a limitation by phosphorus.
引文
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[9]杨梅林,胡忠军,刘其根,等.利用综合营养状态指数和修正的营养状态指数评价千岛湖水质变化[J].上海海洋大学学报,2013,22(2):240-245.【YANG M L,HU Z J,LIU Q G,et al.Evaluation of the water quality change of Qiandao Lake by using the index of comprehensive nutritional status and the modified trophic state index[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2013,22(2):240-245.】
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[12]桂智凡,薛滨,姚书春,等.阳澄湖水质现状及原因探讨[J].地理科学,2011,31(12):1487-1492.【GUI Z F,XUE B,YAO S C,et al.Discussion on current situation and reasons of the water quality of Yangcheng Lake[J].geographical science,2011,31(12):1487-1492.】
[13]阮晓红,石晓丹,赵振华,等.苏州平原河网区浅水湖泊叶绿素a与环境因子的相关关系[J].湖泊科学,2008,20(5):556-562.【RUAN X H,SHI X D,ZHAO Z H,et al.In plain river network areas of Suzhou shallow lakes of chlorophyll a and environmental factor correlation[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2008,20(5):556-562.】
[14]钱昊钟,赵巧华,钱培东,等.太湖叶绿素a浓度分布的时空特征及其影响因素[J].环境化学,2013,32(5):789-796.【QIAN H Z,ZHAO Q H,QIAN P D,et al.Spatial and temporal characteristics of the distribution of chlorophyll a concentration in Taihu and its influencing factors[J].environmental chemistry,2013,32(5):789-796.】
[15]吴阿娜,朱梦杰,汤琳,等.淀山湖蓝藻水华高发期叶绿素a动态及相关环境因子分析[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(1):67-72.【WU A N,ZHU M J,TANG L,et al.Analysing Dianshan Lake cyanobacteria bloom period of high chlorophyll a dynamic and related environmental factors[J].Journal of Lake Science,2011,23(1):67-72.】
[16]黄岁樑,臧常娟,杜胜蓝,等.p H,溶解氧、叶绿素a之间相关性研究Ⅱ:非养殖水体[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(8):1681-1688.【HUANG S L,ZANG C J,DU S L,et al.Study on the correlation between dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a in p H[J].Journal of environmental engineering,2011,5(8):1681-1688.】
[17]陈永根,刘伟龙,韩红娟,等.太湖水体叶绿素a含量与氮磷浓度的关系[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(12):2062-2068.【CHEN Y G,LIU W L,HAN H J,et al.The relationship between chlorophyll a concentration and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water body of Taihu Lake[J].Journal of ecology,2007,26(12):2062-2068.】
[18]LI Z.GUO J S,FANG F,et al.Potential iimpact of TN/TP ratio on the cycling of Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Lake Science,2009,21(4):509-517.
[19]PENG J X,CHEN H J.Eutrophication and Water Quality Protection.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1988:15-47.
[20]GUILDFORD S J,HEEKY R E.Total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and nutrient limitation in Lakes Limnology and Oceanography,2000,45(6):1213-1223.
[21]江敏,卢柳,邢斌,等.滴水湖水体叶绿素a与水质因子的多元分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(3):451-456.【JIANG M,LU L,XING B,et al.Multivariate analysis of chlorophyll a and water quality factors in the lake water[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2011,20(3):451-456.】
[22]王震,邹华,杨桂军,等.太湖叶绿素a的时空分布特征及其环境因子的相关关系[J].湖泊科学,2014,26(6):567-575.【WANG Z,ZOU H,YANG G J,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of chlorophyll a and its environmental factors in Taihu Lake[J].Journal of Lake Science,2014,26(6):567-575.】
[23]周贝贝,王国祥,徐瑶,等.南京秦淮河叶绿素a空间分布及其与环境因子的相关关系[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(2):267-272.【ZHOU B B,WANG G X,XU Y,et al.The spatial distribution of chlorophyll a and its relationship with environmental factors in the Qinhuai River,Nanjing[J].Lake Science,2012,24(2):267-272.】
[2]杨威,邓道贵,张赛,等.洱海叶绿素a浓度的季节动态和空间分布[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(6):858-864.【YANG W,DENG D G,ZHANG S,et al.Seasonal dynamics and spatial distribution of chlorophyll a concentration in Erhai Lake[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2012,24(6):858-864.】
[3]杨志岩,李畅游,张生,等.内蒙古乌梁素海叶绿素a浓度时空分布及其与氮、磷浓度关系[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(3):429-433.【YANG Z Y,LI C Y,ZHANG S,et al.Inner Mongolia Wuliangsuhai Lake chlorophyll a concentration distribution in time and space and with the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus[J].Journal of Lake Science,2009,21(3):429-433.】
[4]LAMON E C,KENNETH H R,KARL E H.Using generalized additive models for prediction of chlorophyll in Lake Okeechobee,Florida.Lakes and Reservoirs:Research and Management,1996,2:37-46.
[5]楚敏明.浅议保护阳澄湖水质的对策措施[J].江苏水利,2004(12):36-37.【CHU M M.Discussion on the protection of Yangcheng Lake water quality measures[J].Jiangsu water conservancy,2004(12):21-25.】
[6]景明,李继影,刘孟宇,等.阳澄湖浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的典范对应研究[J].环境科学与管理,2014,39(11):145-148.【JING M,LI J Y,LIU M Y,et al;A model of Yangcheng Lake phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors corresponding[J].Environmental science and management,2014,39(11):145-148.】
[7]陈伟民,黄祥飞,周万平.湖泊生态系统观测方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2005.【CHEN W M,HUANG X F,ZHOU W P.The observation method of lake ecosystem[M].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2005.】
[8]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法:第4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:243-280.【State Environmental Protection Administration of the water and waste-water monitoring and analysis method editorial.Water and waste-water monitoring and analysis methods:Fourth Edition.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2002:243-280.】
[9]杨梅林,胡忠军,刘其根,等.利用综合营养状态指数和修正的营养状态指数评价千岛湖水质变化[J].上海海洋大学学报,2013,22(2):240-245.【YANG M L,HU Z J,LIU Q G,et al.Evaluation of the water quality change of Qiandao Lake by using the index of comprehensive nutritional status and the modified trophic state index[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2013,22(2):240-245.】
[10]王明翠,刘雪芹,张建辉.湖泊富营养化评价方法及分级标准[J].中国环境监测,2002,18(5):47-49.【WANG M C,LIU X Q,ZHANG J H.Evaluation method and classification standard of lake eutrophication[J].China environmental monitoring,2002,18(5):47-49.】
[11]翁建中,李继影,徐恒省,等.阳澄湖浮游植物研究及其富营养化评价[J].环境科学与管理,2009,34(10):41-44,49.【WENG J Z,LI J Y,XU H X,et al.Study on the phytoplankton in Yangcheng Lake and eutrophication evaluation[J].Environmental science and management,2009,34(10):41-49,49.】
[12]桂智凡,薛滨,姚书春,等.阳澄湖水质现状及原因探讨[J].地理科学,2011,31(12):1487-1492.【GUI Z F,XUE B,YAO S C,et al.Discussion on current situation and reasons of the water quality of Yangcheng Lake[J].geographical science,2011,31(12):1487-1492.】
[13]阮晓红,石晓丹,赵振华,等.苏州平原河网区浅水湖泊叶绿素a与环境因子的相关关系[J].湖泊科学,2008,20(5):556-562.【RUAN X H,SHI X D,ZHAO Z H,et al.In plain river network areas of Suzhou shallow lakes of chlorophyll a and environmental factor correlation[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2008,20(5):556-562.】
[14]钱昊钟,赵巧华,钱培东,等.太湖叶绿素a浓度分布的时空特征及其影响因素[J].环境化学,2013,32(5):789-796.【QIAN H Z,ZHAO Q H,QIAN P D,et al.Spatial and temporal characteristics of the distribution of chlorophyll a concentration in Taihu and its influencing factors[J].environmental chemistry,2013,32(5):789-796.】
[15]吴阿娜,朱梦杰,汤琳,等.淀山湖蓝藻水华高发期叶绿素a动态及相关环境因子分析[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(1):67-72.【WU A N,ZHU M J,TANG L,et al.Analysing Dianshan Lake cyanobacteria bloom period of high chlorophyll a dynamic and related environmental factors[J].Journal of Lake Science,2011,23(1):67-72.】
[16]黄岁樑,臧常娟,杜胜蓝,等.p H,溶解氧、叶绿素a之间相关性研究Ⅱ:非养殖水体[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(8):1681-1688.【HUANG S L,ZANG C J,DU S L,et al.Study on the correlation between dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a in p H[J].Journal of environmental engineering,2011,5(8):1681-1688.】
[17]陈永根,刘伟龙,韩红娟,等.太湖水体叶绿素a含量与氮磷浓度的关系[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(12):2062-2068.【CHEN Y G,LIU W L,HAN H J,et al.The relationship between chlorophyll a concentration and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water body of Taihu Lake[J].Journal of ecology,2007,26(12):2062-2068.】
[18]LI Z.GUO J S,FANG F,et al.Potential iimpact of TN/TP ratio on the cycling of Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Lake Science,2009,21(4):509-517.
[19]PENG J X,CHEN H J.Eutrophication and Water Quality Protection.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1988:15-47.
[20]GUILDFORD S J,HEEKY R E.Total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and nutrient limitation in Lakes Limnology and Oceanography,2000,45(6):1213-1223.
[21]江敏,卢柳,邢斌,等.滴水湖水体叶绿素a与水质因子的多元分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(3):451-456.【JIANG M,LU L,XING B,et al.Multivariate analysis of chlorophyll a and water quality factors in the lake water[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2011,20(3):451-456.】
[22]王震,邹华,杨桂军,等.太湖叶绿素a的时空分布特征及其环境因子的相关关系[J].湖泊科学,2014,26(6):567-575.【WANG Z,ZOU H,YANG G J,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of chlorophyll a and its environmental factors in Taihu Lake[J].Journal of Lake Science,2014,26(6):567-575.】
[23]周贝贝,王国祥,徐瑶,等.南京秦淮河叶绿素a空间分布及其与环境因子的相关关系[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(2):267-272.【ZHOU B B,WANG G X,XU Y,et al.The spatial distribution of chlorophyll a and its relationship with environmental factors in the Qinhuai River,Nanjing[J].Lake Science,2012,24(2):267-272.】