基于阻尼最小二乘法的单相接地故障定位方案
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摘要
鉴于利用多时间断面信息能够有效改善单端故障定位精度,提出了一种基于不同采样点信息的单相接地故障定位方案。首先,将电流分配系数视为虚数,建立故障后保护安装处测量电压、电流的实部和虚部方程;然后,根据连续2个采样点信息构造以故障距离为未知数的超定方程组;最后,利用阻尼最小二乘法(Levenberg-Marquara)求解得到故障点。基于PSCAD/EMTDC的仿真结果表明,本方案不受故障相别、故障位置、过渡电阻、线路负荷和系统阻抗等因素的影响,能够较准确地计算故障距离。与将电流分配系数当作实数处理的现有故障定位方案相比,精度更高,性能更优。
In view that accuracy of one-terminal fault location method can be improved effectively for transmission line realized using data of multi-time sections, a single-phase grounding fault location scheme based on information from different sampling points is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the current distribution coefficient is regarded as imaginary, and the equations with real and imaginary parts are established based on the measured voltage and current at relaying point after the fault. Then, the overdetermined equations where fault location is unknown are built based on information from two consecutive sampling points. Finally, the fault location is calculated using Levenberg-Marquara algorithm. Simulation results based on PSCAD/EMTDC show that, the scheme can calculate the fault location accurately, not affected by fault phase, location of fault point, transition resistance, line load and system impedance. Compared with the fault location scheme not regarding current distribution coefficient as real, the proposed scheme provides higher accuracy and more stable performance.
In view that accuracy of one-terminal fault location method can be improved effectively for transmission line realized using data of multi-time sections, a single-phase grounding fault location scheme based on information from different sampling points is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the current distribution coefficient is regarded as imaginary, and the equations with real and imaginary parts are established based on the measured voltage and current at relaying point after the fault. Then, the overdetermined equations where fault location is unknown are built based on information from two consecutive sampling points. Finally, the fault location is calculated using Levenberg-Marquara algorithm. Simulation results based on PSCAD/EMTDC show that, the scheme can calculate the fault location accurately, not affected by fault phase, location of fault point, transition resistance, line load and system impedance. Compared with the fault location scheme not regarding current distribution coefficient as real, the proposed scheme provides higher accuracy and more stable performance.
引文
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[13]索南加乐,齐军,陈福锋,等.基于R-L模型参数辨识的输电线路准确故障测距算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(12):119-125.Suonan Jiale,Qi Jun,Chen Fufeng,et al.An accurate fault location algorithm for transmission lines based on R-L model parameter identification[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(12):119-125(in Chinese).
[14]耿建昭,王宾,董新洲.利用单相跳闸后信息的输电线路单相接地单端精确测距方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(16):184-193.Geng Jianzhao,Wang Bin,Dong Xinzhou.A novel one-terminal single-line-ground fault location algorithm in transmission line using post-single-phase-trip data[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(16):184-193(in Chinese).
[15]陆元园,王宾,刘辉,等.风电场并网输电线路单相接地故障单端测距方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(10):100-105.Lu Yuanyuan,Wang Bin,Liu Hui,et al.Accurate single terminal fault location algorithm for single-line-to-ground fault in transmission lines with farm connection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(10):100-105(in Chinese).
[16]王宾,陆元园.利用多时刻信息的T接线路单相接地故障单端测距方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(10):2611-2618.Wang Bin,Lu Yuanyuan.Single terminal fault location to single-line-to-ground fault in T transmission line based on sequenced time session data[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(10):2611-2618(in Chinese).
[17]胡志刚,花向红.Levenberg-Marquarat算法及其在测量模型参数估计中的应用[J].测绘工程,2008,17(4):31-34.Hu Zhigang,Hua Xianghong.Levenberg-Marquarat algorithm and its application in parameter estimation of the surving models[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2008,17(4):31-34(in Chinese).
[18]闻洪峰,和会.基于Levenberg-Marquarat算法的非线性三维直角坐标转换方法[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2016,36(8):737-740,749.Wen Hongfeng,He Hui.A nonlinear 3D rectangular coordinate transformation method based on Levenberg-Marquarat algorithm[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2016,36(8):737-740,749(in Chinese).
[19]马静,马伟,闫新,等.基于电压相位比较的单相接地距离保护方案[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):2010-2016.Ma Jing,Ma Wei,Yan Xin,et al.Voltage phase comparison based single-phase grounding distance protection scheme[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):2010-2016(in Chinese).
[20]马静,马伟,闫新,等.基于阻抗复数平面的自适应距离保护方案[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):290-296.Ma Jing,Ma Wei,Yan Xin,et al.Impedance complex plane based adaptive distance protection scheme[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):290-296(in Chinese).
[21]孙月琴,倪江,王宾,等.应用于输电线路单端测距的高阻接地故障电弧模型分析[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(22):86-92.Sun Yueqin,Ni Jiang,Wang Bin,et al.Transmission line high-impedance fault modeling analysis for single-end fault location[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(22):86-92(in Chinese).
[22]朱声石.高压电网继电保护原理与技术[M].3版.北京:中国电力出版社,2005.
[2]张烈,王德林,刘亚东,等.国家电网220 k V及以上交流保护十年运行分析[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1654-1659.Zhang Lie,Wang Delin,Liu Yadong,et al.Analysis on protective relaying and its operation conditions in 220 k V and above AC system of SGCC in past ten years[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1654-1659(in Chinese).
[3]Ma J,Ma W,Qiu Y,et al.An adaptive distance protection scheme based on the voltage drop equation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(4):1931-1940.
[4]许飞,董新洲,王宾,等.新型输电线路单端电气量组合故障测距方法及其试验研究[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(4):37-42.Xu Fei,Dong Xinzhou,Wang Bin,et al.Combined single end fault location method of transmission line and its experiments[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(4):37-42(in Chinese).
[5]王海港,孙月琴,谢民,等.利用过渡电阻特征的输电线路故障测距算法[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2016,28(3):77-81,86.Wang Haigang,Sun Yueqin,Xie Min,et al.Fault location algorithm of transmission lines taken advantage of fault resistance characteristic[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2016,28(3):77-81,86(in Chinese).
[6]王宾,倪江,王海港,等.输电线路弧光高阻接地故障单端测距分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1333-1340.Wang Bin,Ni Jiang,Wang Haigang,et al.Single-end fault location for high impedance arc grounding fault in transmission line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1333-1340(in Chinese).
[7]葛耀中.新型继电保护和故障测距的原理与技术[M].2版.西安:西安交通大学出版社,2007.
[8]黄少锋,曹凯,罗澜.一种消除过渡电阻影响的阻抗测量方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(23):108-113.Huang Shaofeng,Cao Kai,Luo Lan.A method of impedance measurement to eliminate influence of transition resistance[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(23):108-113(in Chinese).
[9]董晓峰,蒋振国,杨晓伟,等.基于单端电气量减少过渡电阻影响方法[J].电工电气,2015(9):16-21.Dong Xiaofeng,Jiang Zhenguo,Yang Xiaowei,et al.Method to reduce influence of transition resistance based on single-end electric quantity[J].Electrotechnics Electric,2015(9):16-21(in Chinese).
[10]王宾,董新洲,薄志谦,等.特高压长线路单端阻抗法单相接地故障测距[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(14):25-29.Wang Bin,Dong Xinzhou,Bo Zhiqian,et al.An impedance fault location algorithm for UHV long transmission lines with single-line-to-ground faults[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(14):25-29(in Chinese).
[11]Ma J,Shi Y X,Ma W,et al.Location method for inter-line and grounded faults of double-circuit transmission lines based on distributed parameters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(3):1307-1316.
[12]杨铖,索南加乐,李亚利.基于R-L模型的单相重合闸线路故障测距方法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(10):71-74.Yang Cheng,Suonan Jiale,Li Yali.Study on the fault location algorithm based on R-L model for transmission lines with single-pole reclosure[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(10):71-74(in Chinese).
[13]索南加乐,齐军,陈福锋,等.基于R-L模型参数辨识的输电线路准确故障测距算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(12):119-125.Suonan Jiale,Qi Jun,Chen Fufeng,et al.An accurate fault location algorithm for transmission lines based on R-L model parameter identification[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(12):119-125(in Chinese).
[14]耿建昭,王宾,董新洲.利用单相跳闸后信息的输电线路单相接地单端精确测距方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(16):184-193.Geng Jianzhao,Wang Bin,Dong Xinzhou.A novel one-terminal single-line-ground fault location algorithm in transmission line using post-single-phase-trip data[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(16):184-193(in Chinese).
[15]陆元园,王宾,刘辉,等.风电场并网输电线路单相接地故障单端测距方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(10):100-105.Lu Yuanyuan,Wang Bin,Liu Hui,et al.Accurate single terminal fault location algorithm for single-line-to-ground fault in transmission lines with farm connection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(10):100-105(in Chinese).
[16]王宾,陆元园.利用多时刻信息的T接线路单相接地故障单端测距方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(10):2611-2618.Wang Bin,Lu Yuanyuan.Single terminal fault location to single-line-to-ground fault in T transmission line based on sequenced time session data[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(10):2611-2618(in Chinese).
[17]胡志刚,花向红.Levenberg-Marquarat算法及其在测量模型参数估计中的应用[J].测绘工程,2008,17(4):31-34.Hu Zhigang,Hua Xianghong.Levenberg-Marquarat algorithm and its application in parameter estimation of the surving models[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2008,17(4):31-34(in Chinese).
[18]闻洪峰,和会.基于Levenberg-Marquarat算法的非线性三维直角坐标转换方法[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2016,36(8):737-740,749.Wen Hongfeng,He Hui.A nonlinear 3D rectangular coordinate transformation method based on Levenberg-Marquarat algorithm[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2016,36(8):737-740,749(in Chinese).
[19]马静,马伟,闫新,等.基于电压相位比较的单相接地距离保护方案[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):2010-2016.Ma Jing,Ma Wei,Yan Xin,et al.Voltage phase comparison based single-phase grounding distance protection scheme[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):2010-2016(in Chinese).
[20]马静,马伟,闫新,等.基于阻抗复数平面的自适应距离保护方案[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):290-296.Ma Jing,Ma Wei,Yan Xin,et al.Impedance complex plane based adaptive distance protection scheme[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):290-296(in Chinese).
[21]孙月琴,倪江,王宾,等.应用于输电线路单端测距的高阻接地故障电弧模型分析[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(22):86-92.Sun Yueqin,Ni Jiang,Wang Bin,et al.Transmission line high-impedance fault modeling analysis for single-end fault location[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(22):86-92(in Chinese).
[22]朱声石.高压电网继电保护原理与技术[M].3版.北京:中国电力出版社,2005.