五层纳米SiO_2-Al_2O_3/聚酰亚胺复合薄膜的制备及性能
|
摘要
采用浸胶法制备了一系列SiO_2-Al_2O_3/聚酰亚胺(SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI)五层耐电晕薄膜AmAnPAnAm,其中中间层(P)为纯PI薄膜,外层(Am)、次外层(An)分别为SiO_2-Al_2O_3掺杂不同质量分数的纳米SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI薄膜。采用TEM、FTIR、宽频介电谱仪、电导电流测试仪、耐电晕测试仪、介电强度测试仪和拉伸实验机对五层纳米复合PI耐电晕薄膜的微观结构、介电性能和力学性能进行了表征和测试。结果表明,SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI复合薄膜掺杂层形成了分布均匀的有机/无机复合结构;SiO_2-Al_2O_3纳米粒子的保护作用是影响复合材料耐电晕性能的主要因素,复合薄膜A32A16PA16A32的耐电晕寿命最大,为23.4h;外层掺杂量对五层SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI复合材料的介电强度影响较大,复合薄膜A20A28PA28A20的介电强度最大,为302.3kV/mm;通过对五层复合结构的设计,可以在兼顾材料力学性能的同时,提高其耐电晕寿命和介电强度。
A series of nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/polyimide(SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI)of five layer structure corona resistant film AmAnPAnAm were prepared by dipping method,the middle layer(P)was pure PI film,the outer layer(Am)and the secondary layer(An)were nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film doped with different SiO_2-Al_2O_3 mass fraction.The microstructure,dielectric properties and mechanical properties of five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film were characterized by TEM,FTIR,broadband dielectric spectrometer,conduction current tester,corona resistance tester,dielectric strength tester and tensile test machine.The results show that the organic/inorganic composite structure is formed in the doped layer of five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film.The protection of SiO_2-Al_2O_3 nanoparticles is the main factor affecting the corona resistance of five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film,and the corona resistant life of five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film A32 A16 PA16 A32 is the most,which is 23.4 h.The amount of doping in the outer layer has a great influence on the dielectric strength of the five layer composite,the dielectric strength of the composite film A20 A28 PA28 A20 is the largest,which is 302.3 kV/mm.By designing composite structure of five layer film,the mechanical properties of the five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film can be improved as well as the corona resistant life and dielectric strength of the material.
A series of nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/polyimide(SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI)of five layer structure corona resistant film AmAnPAnAm were prepared by dipping method,the middle layer(P)was pure PI film,the outer layer(Am)and the secondary layer(An)were nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film doped with different SiO_2-Al_2O_3 mass fraction.The microstructure,dielectric properties and mechanical properties of five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film were characterized by TEM,FTIR,broadband dielectric spectrometer,conduction current tester,corona resistance tester,dielectric strength tester and tensile test machine.The results show that the organic/inorganic composite structure is formed in the doped layer of five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film.The protection of SiO_2-Al_2O_3 nanoparticles is the main factor affecting the corona resistance of five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film,and the corona resistant life of five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film A32 A16 PA16 A32 is the most,which is 23.4 h.The amount of doping in the outer layer has a great influence on the dielectric strength of the five layer composite,the dielectric strength of the composite film A20 A28 PA28 A20 is the largest,which is 302.3 kV/mm.By designing composite structure of five layer film,the mechanical properties of the five layer nano SiO_2-Al_2O_3/PI composite film can be improved as well as the corona resistant life and dielectric strength of the material.
引文
[1]WANG P,CAVALLINI A,MONTANARI G,et al.Effect of rise time on PD pulse features under repetitive square wave voltages[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2013,20(1):245-254.
[2]LISTWAN J,PIENKOWSKI K.Field-oriented control of five-phase induction motor with open-end stator winding[J].Archives of Electrical Engineering,2016,65(3):395-410.
[3]刘洋,吴广宁,高国强,等.方波脉冲下纳米氧化硅掺杂对聚酰亚胺绝缘性能的影响[J].高压电器,2016,52(1):73-78.LIU Y,WU G N,GAO G Q,et al.Influences of nano silica on the insulating property of polyimide under the square impulse stress[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(1):73-78(in Chinese).
[4]崔晓萍,朱光明,刘文元.纳米Al2O3/聚酰亚胺薄膜的介电与力学性能[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(11):2419-2425.CUI X P,ZHU G M,LIU W Y.Dielectric and mechanical properties of nano Al2O3/polyimide composite films[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(11):2419-2425(in Chinese).
[5]李鸿岩,郭磊,刘斌,等.聚酰亚胺/纳米Al2O3复合薄膜的介电性能[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(20):166-170.LI H Y,GUO L,LIU B,et al.The dielectric properties of polyimide/nano-Al2O3composites films[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2006,26(20):166-170(in Chinese).
[6]冯宇,殷景华,陈明华,等.聚酰亚胺/TiO2纳米杂化薄膜耐电晕性能的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(22):142-146.FENG Y,YIN J H,CHEN M H,et al.Study on coronaresistance of the polyimide/nano-TiO2 hybrid films[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2013,33(22):142-146(in Chinese).
[7]吕静,党智敏.低热膨胀系数纳米碳化硅/聚酰亚胺复合薄膜的制备与性能[J].复合材料学报,2011,28(5):41-45.LV J,DANG Z M.Preparation and properties of nano SiC/polimide composite films with low thermal expansion characteristic[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2011,28(5):41-45(in Chinese).
[8]吴再辉,秦珊,白帆,等.阻抗渐变高介电钛酸钡/聚酰亚胺复合薄膜的设计与制备[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(12):2712-2717.WU Z H,QIN S,BAI F,et al.Design and fabrication of high-dielectric BaTiO3/polyimide composite film with impedance gradient[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(12):2712-2717(in Chinese).
[9]范勇,张洪亮,杨瑞宵,等.三层复合PI薄膜厚度比对其电导特性的影响[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2013,18(2):21-24.FAN Y,ZHANG H L,YANG R X,et al.The influence of thickness ratio of three-layer PI composite films on conductance property[J].Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology,2013,18(2):21-24(in Chinese).
[10]王志强,殷景华,夏旭,等.三明治结构聚酰亚胺/SiO2纳米复合薄膜电学性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2017,50(3):23-27.WANG Z Q,YIN J H,XIA X,et al.Electrical properties of sandwich-structured PI/SiO2 nano-composite films[J].Insulating Materials,2017,50(3):23-27(in Chinese).
[11]任粒,查俊伟,王思蛟,等.具有多层结构的聚合物复合薄膜的介电和磁性能[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(6):1186-1191.REN L,ZHA J W,WANG S J,et al.Dielectric and magnetic properties of polymer composite films with multilayered structure[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(6):1186-1191(in Chinese).
[12]LIU C Y,ZHENG X Q,PENG P.The nonlinear conductivity experiment and mechanism analysis of modified polyimide(PI)composite materials with inorganic filler[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2015,43(10):3727-3733.
[13]DIAHAM S,LOCATELLI M L.Space-charge-limited currents in polyimide films[J].Applied Physics Letters,2012,101(24):409-430.
[14]张沛红,李刚,盖凌云,等.聚酰亚胺薄膜的高场电导特性[J].材料研究学报,2006,20(5):465-468.ZHANG P H,LI G,GAI L Y,et al.High-field conduction current characteristics of polyimide film[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2006,20(5):465-468(in Chinese).
[15]雷清泉,石林爽,田付强,等.电晕老化前后100HN和100CR聚酰亚胺薄膜的电导电流特性实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(13):109-114.LEI Q Q,SHI L S,TIAN F Q,et al.Experimental research on conduction current characteristics of 100HN and 100CR polyimide film before and after corona aging[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2010,30(13):109-114(in Chinese).
[16]TANG Z C W,SUN L L,LI B,et al.Structurally induced dielectric constant promotion and loss suppression for poly(vinylidene fluoride)nanocomposites[J].Macromolecular Materials and Engineering,2012,297(5):420-426.
[17]刘君,吴广宁,周凯,等.基于电声脉冲法的空间电荷测量装置[J].高电压技术,2009,35(3):607-612.LIU J,WU G N,ZHOU K,et al.Space charge measurement device based on PEA method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(3):607-612(in Chinese).
[18]LEWIS T J.Interfaces are the dominant feature of dielectrics at the nanometric level[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2004,11(5):739-753.
[19]LEWIS T J.Interfaces:Nanometric dielectrics[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2005,38(2):202-212.
[20]陈昊,范勇,杨瑞宵,等.聚酰亚胺薄膜绝缘材料耐电晕机理研究[J].电机与控制学报,2013,17(5):28-31.CHEN H,FAN Y,YANG R X,et al.Study on the coronaresistance mechanism of the polyimide films[J].Electric Machines and Control,2013,17(5):28-31(in Chinese).
[2]LISTWAN J,PIENKOWSKI K.Field-oriented control of five-phase induction motor with open-end stator winding[J].Archives of Electrical Engineering,2016,65(3):395-410.
[3]刘洋,吴广宁,高国强,等.方波脉冲下纳米氧化硅掺杂对聚酰亚胺绝缘性能的影响[J].高压电器,2016,52(1):73-78.LIU Y,WU G N,GAO G Q,et al.Influences of nano silica on the insulating property of polyimide under the square impulse stress[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(1):73-78(in Chinese).
[4]崔晓萍,朱光明,刘文元.纳米Al2O3/聚酰亚胺薄膜的介电与力学性能[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(11):2419-2425.CUI X P,ZHU G M,LIU W Y.Dielectric and mechanical properties of nano Al2O3/polyimide composite films[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(11):2419-2425(in Chinese).
[5]李鸿岩,郭磊,刘斌,等.聚酰亚胺/纳米Al2O3复合薄膜的介电性能[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(20):166-170.LI H Y,GUO L,LIU B,et al.The dielectric properties of polyimide/nano-Al2O3composites films[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2006,26(20):166-170(in Chinese).
[6]冯宇,殷景华,陈明华,等.聚酰亚胺/TiO2纳米杂化薄膜耐电晕性能的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(22):142-146.FENG Y,YIN J H,CHEN M H,et al.Study on coronaresistance of the polyimide/nano-TiO2 hybrid films[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2013,33(22):142-146(in Chinese).
[7]吕静,党智敏.低热膨胀系数纳米碳化硅/聚酰亚胺复合薄膜的制备与性能[J].复合材料学报,2011,28(5):41-45.LV J,DANG Z M.Preparation and properties of nano SiC/polimide composite films with low thermal expansion characteristic[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2011,28(5):41-45(in Chinese).
[8]吴再辉,秦珊,白帆,等.阻抗渐变高介电钛酸钡/聚酰亚胺复合薄膜的设计与制备[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(12):2712-2717.WU Z H,QIN S,BAI F,et al.Design and fabrication of high-dielectric BaTiO3/polyimide composite film with impedance gradient[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(12):2712-2717(in Chinese).
[9]范勇,张洪亮,杨瑞宵,等.三层复合PI薄膜厚度比对其电导特性的影响[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2013,18(2):21-24.FAN Y,ZHANG H L,YANG R X,et al.The influence of thickness ratio of three-layer PI composite films on conductance property[J].Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology,2013,18(2):21-24(in Chinese).
[10]王志强,殷景华,夏旭,等.三明治结构聚酰亚胺/SiO2纳米复合薄膜电学性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2017,50(3):23-27.WANG Z Q,YIN J H,XIA X,et al.Electrical properties of sandwich-structured PI/SiO2 nano-composite films[J].Insulating Materials,2017,50(3):23-27(in Chinese).
[11]任粒,查俊伟,王思蛟,等.具有多层结构的聚合物复合薄膜的介电和磁性能[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(6):1186-1191.REN L,ZHA J W,WANG S J,et al.Dielectric and magnetic properties of polymer composite films with multilayered structure[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(6):1186-1191(in Chinese).
[12]LIU C Y,ZHENG X Q,PENG P.The nonlinear conductivity experiment and mechanism analysis of modified polyimide(PI)composite materials with inorganic filler[J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2015,43(10):3727-3733.
[13]DIAHAM S,LOCATELLI M L.Space-charge-limited currents in polyimide films[J].Applied Physics Letters,2012,101(24):409-430.
[14]张沛红,李刚,盖凌云,等.聚酰亚胺薄膜的高场电导特性[J].材料研究学报,2006,20(5):465-468.ZHANG P H,LI G,GAI L Y,et al.High-field conduction current characteristics of polyimide film[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2006,20(5):465-468(in Chinese).
[15]雷清泉,石林爽,田付强,等.电晕老化前后100HN和100CR聚酰亚胺薄膜的电导电流特性实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(13):109-114.LEI Q Q,SHI L S,TIAN F Q,et al.Experimental research on conduction current characteristics of 100HN and 100CR polyimide film before and after corona aging[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2010,30(13):109-114(in Chinese).
[16]TANG Z C W,SUN L L,LI B,et al.Structurally induced dielectric constant promotion and loss suppression for poly(vinylidene fluoride)nanocomposites[J].Macromolecular Materials and Engineering,2012,297(5):420-426.
[17]刘君,吴广宁,周凯,等.基于电声脉冲法的空间电荷测量装置[J].高电压技术,2009,35(3):607-612.LIU J,WU G N,ZHOU K,et al.Space charge measurement device based on PEA method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(3):607-612(in Chinese).
[18]LEWIS T J.Interfaces are the dominant feature of dielectrics at the nanometric level[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2004,11(5):739-753.
[19]LEWIS T J.Interfaces:Nanometric dielectrics[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2005,38(2):202-212.
[20]陈昊,范勇,杨瑞宵,等.聚酰亚胺薄膜绝缘材料耐电晕机理研究[J].电机与控制学报,2013,17(5):28-31.CHEN H,FAN Y,YANG R X,et al.Study on the coronaresistance mechanism of the polyimide films[J].Electric Machines and Control,2013,17(5):28-31(in Chinese).