MoS_2/C复合薄膜多环境摩擦学行为的研究
|
摘要
目的考察不同摩擦环境(真空、PAO、不同对磨副和温度)对MoS_2/C复合薄膜摩擦性能的影响,并探究其摩擦磨损机理。方法使用直流磁控溅射技术(DCMS)和高功率脉冲磁控溅射技术(HiPIMS)在高速钢和硅基底上沉积MoS_2/C复合薄膜。利用多功能摩擦试验机表征薄膜在空气、PAO、不同温度条件下的摩擦学行为。利用真空摩擦试验机表征薄膜在真空及不同对磨副条件下的摩擦性能。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)及共聚焦激光拉曼光谱仪,分析摩擦测试后,薄膜和对磨副上的形貌、磨屑成分等。结果真空下,除氧化锆外,其他对磨副均使薄膜迅速失效。MoS_2含量超过50%时,薄膜可以在真空中维持较低的摩擦系数,约为0.1。PAO环境下,边界润滑阶段摩擦系数为0.08,流体润滑阶段摩擦系数最高为0.1。随着温度从25℃升高至450℃,薄膜摩擦系数由0.09降低至0.026,450℃下,薄膜在700 s时失效。结论真空下,氧化锆和氧化铝作为对磨副可以降低MoS_2/C复合薄膜的粘着性,且复合薄膜中MoS_2含量超过50%,可以展示出更好的摩擦性能。PAO油润滑环境下,摩擦行为主要取决于PAO的性质。高温环境下,更高的石墨化程度与MoS_2再结晶可以降低薄膜的摩擦系数。
The work aims to study the influences of different environment(vacuum,PAO,different counterparts and temperature)on tribological properties of MoS_2/C composite films,and explore the friction mechanism.MoS_2/C composite films were deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering(DCMS)and high power impulse magnetron sputtering(HiPIMS)on high-speed steel and silicon substrate.Tribological behavior of the composite films in air,PAO,and different temperature were tested with a multifunction tribometer,and tribological properties of the composite films in the vacuum and different counterparts were evaluated with a vacuum tribometer.The morphologies and chemical composition of films and wear debris were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)and confocal laser Raman spectroscopy.In vacuum,all films were worn out,except ZrO_(2 )counterparts.Films with MoS_2 content more than 50%could maintain low friction coefficient in the vacuum,about 0.1.In PAO,the friction coefficient was 0.08 in the boundary lubrication stage,and was 0.1 in hydrodynamic lubrication.The friction coefficient decreased from 0.09 to 0.026 with the temperature increasing from 25℃to 300℃,but the film failed at 450 s at 700℃.In vacuum,ZrO_2 and Al_2O_(3 )can reduce the adhesion of MoS_2/C composite film as counterparts and the composite films with MoS_2 content more than 50%exhibit better tribological properties.In PAO lubricating oil,the tribological property mainly depends on the properties of PAO.In high-temperature,severe graphitization and recrystallization of MoS_2 in the films can reduce the coefficient of friction of the film.
The work aims to study the influences of different environment(vacuum,PAO,different counterparts and temperature)on tribological properties of MoS_2/C composite films,and explore the friction mechanism.MoS_2/C composite films were deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering(DCMS)and high power impulse magnetron sputtering(HiPIMS)on high-speed steel and silicon substrate.Tribological behavior of the composite films in air,PAO,and different temperature were tested with a multifunction tribometer,and tribological properties of the composite films in the vacuum and different counterparts were evaluated with a vacuum tribometer.The morphologies and chemical composition of films and wear debris were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)and confocal laser Raman spectroscopy.In vacuum,all films were worn out,except ZrO_(2 )counterparts.Films with MoS_2 content more than 50%could maintain low friction coefficient in the vacuum,about 0.1.In PAO,the friction coefficient was 0.08 in the boundary lubrication stage,and was 0.1 in hydrodynamic lubrication.The friction coefficient decreased from 0.09 to 0.026 with the temperature increasing from 25℃to 300℃,but the film failed at 450 s at 700℃.In vacuum,ZrO_2 and Al_2O_(3 )can reduce the adhesion of MoS_2/C composite film as counterparts and the composite films with MoS_2 content more than 50%exhibit better tribological properties.In PAO lubricating oil,the tribological property mainly depends on the properties of PAO.In high-temperature,severe graphitization and recrystallization of MoS_2 in the films can reduce the coefficient of friction of the film.
引文
[1]BHUSHAN B,BHUSHAN B.Modern tribology handbook[M].[s.l.]:CRC Press,2001.
[2]PRASAD S,ZABINSKI J.Lubricants:Super slippery solids[J].Nature,1997,387(6635):761-763.
[3]SCHARF T W,PRASAD S V.Solid lubricants:A review[J].Journal of materials science,2013,48(2):511-531.
[4]CHHOWALLA M,AMARATUNGA G A J.Thin films of fullerene-like MoS2 nanoparticles with ultra-low friction and wear[J].Nature,2000,407(6801):164.
[5]KUBART T,POLCAR T,KOPECKYL,et al.Temperature dependence of tribological properties of MOS2 and MoSe2coatings[J].Surface&coatings technology,2005,193(1):230-233.
[6]ARSLAN E,TOTIK Y,BAYRAK O,et al.High temperature friction and wear behavior of MoS2/Nb coating in ambient air[J].Journal of coatings technology&research,2010,7(1):131-137.
[7]TEER D G.New solid lubricant coatings[J].Wear,2001,251(1):1068-1074.
[8]SAVAN A,SIMMONDS M C,HUANG Y,et al.Effects of temperature on the chemistry and tribology of co-sputtered Mo Sx-Ti composite thin films[J].Thin solid films,2005,489(1):137-144.
[9]欧文敏,韦春贝,代明江,等.MoS2-Zr复合薄膜的摩擦学性能研究[J].表面技术,2017,46(1):101-107.OU Wen-min,WEI Chun-bei,DAI Ming-jiang,et al.Tribological properties of MoS2-Zr composite films[J].Surface technology,2017,46(1):101-107.
[10]杨保平,高斌基,张斌,等.MoS2-Al复合薄膜高温摩擦学性能研究[J].表面技术,2018,47(3):140-147.YANG Bao-ping,GAO Bin-ji,ZHANG Bin,et al.Tribological properties of MoS2-Al composite films at high temperature[J].Surface technology,2018,47(3):140-147.
[11]LI H,ZHANG G,WANG L,Low humidity-sensitivity of Mo S2/Pb nanocomposite coatings[J].Wear,2016,350-351:1-9.
[12]AOUADI S M,PAUDEL Y,SIMONSON W J,et al.Tribological investigation of adaptive MO2N/MOS2/Ag coatings with high sulfur content[J].Surface and coatings technology,2009,203(10-11):1304-1309.
[13]SIMI?R,KALIN M,KALIN T,et al.Fatty acid adsorption on several DLC coatings studied by neutron reflectometry[J].Tribology letters,2014,53(1):199-206.
[14]OKUBO H,TADOKORO C,SASAKI S.Tribological properties of a tetrahedral amorphous carbon(ta-C)film under boundary lubrication in the presence of organic friction modifiers and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate(ZDDP)[J].Wear,2015,332-333:1293-1302.
[15]BONDAREV A V,KIRYUKHANTSEV-KORNEEV P V,SIDORENKO D A,et al.A new insight into hard low friction MoCN-Ag coatings intended for applications in wide temperature range[J].Materials&design,2016,93:63-72.
[16]SHTANSKY D V,BONDAREV A V,KIRYUKHANT-SEV-KORNEEV P V,et al.Structure and tribological properties of MoCN-Ag coatings in the temperature range of 25-700℃[J].Applied surface science,2013,273:408-414.
[17]ERDEMIR A,RAMIREZ G,ERYILMAZ O L,et al.Carbon-based tribofilms from lubricating oils[J].Nature,2016,536(7614):67-71.
[18]CAI S,GUO P,LIU J,et al.Friction and wear mmechanism of Mo S2/C composite coatings under atmospheric environment[J].Tribology letters,2017,65(3):79.
[19]蔡胜,郭鹏,左潇,等.载荷对Mo S2/C复合薄膜摩擦学行为的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2018(1):51-58.CAI Sheng,Guo Peng,ZUO Xiao,et al.Effect of load on tribological behavior of MoS2/C composite films[J].Tribology,2018,38(1):51-58.
[20]蔡胜.MoS2/C复合薄膜的摩擦学行为研究[D].宁波:宁波大学,2017.CAI Sheng.Tribological behavior of MoS2/C composite films[D].Ningbo:Ningbo University,2017.
[21]GU L,KE P,ZOU Y,et al.Amorphous self-lubricant Mo S2-C sputtered coating with high hardness[J].Applied surface science,2015,331:66-71.
[22]SCHWARTZ C J,BAHADUR S.Studies on the tribological behavior and transfer film-counterface bond strength for polyphenylene sulfide filled with nanoscale alumina particles[J].Wear,2000,237(2):261-273.
[23]李红轩,徐洮,郝俊英,等.摩擦偶件材料对非晶含氢碳薄膜摩擦学性能的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2004,24(6):483-487.LI Hong-xuan,XU Tao,HAO Jun-ying.et al.Effect of match ing materials on the tribological properties of amorphous hydrogenated carbonfilm[J].Tribology,2004,24(6):483-487.
[24]TABOR D.History of tribology:D.Dowson[J].Tribology international,1979,12(3):146-146.
[25]ALLAM I M.Solid lubricants for applications at elevated temperatures[J].Journal of materials science,1991,26(15):3977-3984.
[26]高斌基,杨保平,张晓晓,等.不同应用环境下Mo S2基薄膜摩擦学性能研究进展[J].润滑与密封,2018,43(5):115-119GAO Bin-ji,YANG Bao-ping,ZHANG Xiao-xiao.et al.Advances in tribological properties of MoS2-based films under different application environments[J].Lubrication engineering,2018,43(5):115-119
[27]RAJABI H R,RAZMPOUR S.Spectrochimica acta part A:Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science B.V,1900.
[28]MARTIN J M,DONNET C,LE M T,et al.Superlubricity of molybdenum disulphide[J].Physical review B:Condensed matter,1993,48(14):10583.
[29]CHEN F,FENG Y,SHAO H,et al.Friction and wear behaviors of Ag/MoS2/G composite in different atmospheres and at different temperatures[J].Tribology letters,2012,47(1):139-148.
[2]PRASAD S,ZABINSKI J.Lubricants:Super slippery solids[J].Nature,1997,387(6635):761-763.
[3]SCHARF T W,PRASAD S V.Solid lubricants:A review[J].Journal of materials science,2013,48(2):511-531.
[4]CHHOWALLA M,AMARATUNGA G A J.Thin films of fullerene-like MoS2 nanoparticles with ultra-low friction and wear[J].Nature,2000,407(6801):164.
[5]KUBART T,POLCAR T,KOPECKYL,et al.Temperature dependence of tribological properties of MOS2 and MoSe2coatings[J].Surface&coatings technology,2005,193(1):230-233.
[6]ARSLAN E,TOTIK Y,BAYRAK O,et al.High temperature friction and wear behavior of MoS2/Nb coating in ambient air[J].Journal of coatings technology&research,2010,7(1):131-137.
[7]TEER D G.New solid lubricant coatings[J].Wear,2001,251(1):1068-1074.
[8]SAVAN A,SIMMONDS M C,HUANG Y,et al.Effects of temperature on the chemistry and tribology of co-sputtered Mo Sx-Ti composite thin films[J].Thin solid films,2005,489(1):137-144.
[9]欧文敏,韦春贝,代明江,等.MoS2-Zr复合薄膜的摩擦学性能研究[J].表面技术,2017,46(1):101-107.OU Wen-min,WEI Chun-bei,DAI Ming-jiang,et al.Tribological properties of MoS2-Zr composite films[J].Surface technology,2017,46(1):101-107.
[10]杨保平,高斌基,张斌,等.MoS2-Al复合薄膜高温摩擦学性能研究[J].表面技术,2018,47(3):140-147.YANG Bao-ping,GAO Bin-ji,ZHANG Bin,et al.Tribological properties of MoS2-Al composite films at high temperature[J].Surface technology,2018,47(3):140-147.
[11]LI H,ZHANG G,WANG L,Low humidity-sensitivity of Mo S2/Pb nanocomposite coatings[J].Wear,2016,350-351:1-9.
[12]AOUADI S M,PAUDEL Y,SIMONSON W J,et al.Tribological investigation of adaptive MO2N/MOS2/Ag coatings with high sulfur content[J].Surface and coatings technology,2009,203(10-11):1304-1309.
[13]SIMI?R,KALIN M,KALIN T,et al.Fatty acid adsorption on several DLC coatings studied by neutron reflectometry[J].Tribology letters,2014,53(1):199-206.
[14]OKUBO H,TADOKORO C,SASAKI S.Tribological properties of a tetrahedral amorphous carbon(ta-C)film under boundary lubrication in the presence of organic friction modifiers and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate(ZDDP)[J].Wear,2015,332-333:1293-1302.
[15]BONDAREV A V,KIRYUKHANTSEV-KORNEEV P V,SIDORENKO D A,et al.A new insight into hard low friction MoCN-Ag coatings intended for applications in wide temperature range[J].Materials&design,2016,93:63-72.
[16]SHTANSKY D V,BONDAREV A V,KIRYUKHANT-SEV-KORNEEV P V,et al.Structure and tribological properties of MoCN-Ag coatings in the temperature range of 25-700℃[J].Applied surface science,2013,273:408-414.
[17]ERDEMIR A,RAMIREZ G,ERYILMAZ O L,et al.Carbon-based tribofilms from lubricating oils[J].Nature,2016,536(7614):67-71.
[18]CAI S,GUO P,LIU J,et al.Friction and wear mmechanism of Mo S2/C composite coatings under atmospheric environment[J].Tribology letters,2017,65(3):79.
[19]蔡胜,郭鹏,左潇,等.载荷对Mo S2/C复合薄膜摩擦学行为的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2018(1):51-58.CAI Sheng,Guo Peng,ZUO Xiao,et al.Effect of load on tribological behavior of MoS2/C composite films[J].Tribology,2018,38(1):51-58.
[20]蔡胜.MoS2/C复合薄膜的摩擦学行为研究[D].宁波:宁波大学,2017.CAI Sheng.Tribological behavior of MoS2/C composite films[D].Ningbo:Ningbo University,2017.
[21]GU L,KE P,ZOU Y,et al.Amorphous self-lubricant Mo S2-C sputtered coating with high hardness[J].Applied surface science,2015,331:66-71.
[22]SCHWARTZ C J,BAHADUR S.Studies on the tribological behavior and transfer film-counterface bond strength for polyphenylene sulfide filled with nanoscale alumina particles[J].Wear,2000,237(2):261-273.
[23]李红轩,徐洮,郝俊英,等.摩擦偶件材料对非晶含氢碳薄膜摩擦学性能的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2004,24(6):483-487.LI Hong-xuan,XU Tao,HAO Jun-ying.et al.Effect of match ing materials on the tribological properties of amorphous hydrogenated carbonfilm[J].Tribology,2004,24(6):483-487.
[24]TABOR D.History of tribology:D.Dowson[J].Tribology international,1979,12(3):146-146.
[25]ALLAM I M.Solid lubricants for applications at elevated temperatures[J].Journal of materials science,1991,26(15):3977-3984.
[26]高斌基,杨保平,张晓晓,等.不同应用环境下Mo S2基薄膜摩擦学性能研究进展[J].润滑与密封,2018,43(5):115-119GAO Bin-ji,YANG Bao-ping,ZHANG Xiao-xiao.et al.Advances in tribological properties of MoS2-based films under different application environments[J].Lubrication engineering,2018,43(5):115-119
[27]RAJABI H R,RAZMPOUR S.Spectrochimica acta part A:Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science B.V,1900.
[28]MARTIN J M,DONNET C,LE M T,et al.Superlubricity of molybdenum disulphide[J].Physical review B:Condensed matter,1993,48(14):10583.
[29]CHEN F,FENG Y,SHAO H,et al.Friction and wear behaviors of Ag/MoS2/G composite in different atmospheres and at different temperatures[J].Tribology letters,2012,47(1):139-148.