壳聚糖基阻燃剂的研究进展
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摘要
壳聚糖基阻燃剂具有绿色可持续发展的特点,符合阻燃剂未来的发展方向。在国内外学者对壳聚糖基阻燃研究基础上,系统介绍了壳聚糖基阻燃剂近年来的研究进展,即单组分壳聚糖阻燃剂、复合型壳聚糖阻燃剂、化学改性壳聚糖阻燃剂。单组分壳聚糖阻燃剂能在一定程度上提高聚合物的热稳定性,但不能提高材料的阻燃等级。壳聚糖复合型阻燃剂的主要研究方向是绿色复配含磷物质的应用,新型复配技术的探索,纤维制品层层自组装技术的深入开发。在纤维、塑料等制品领域,根据阻燃要求和材料的适应性进行分子设计,获得具有高效阻燃、共混适应性、整理耐洗性等特点高分子材料是化学改性壳聚糖阻燃剂的未来发展方向。
The chitosan-based flame retardants have the features of green sustainable development and meet the future development direction of flame retardants. On the basis of chitosan-based flame retardant studies carried out by domestic and foreign scholars, research progresses in recent years about chitosan-based flame retardants described as monocomponent, blended, or chemically modified were systematically introduced. Monocomponent chitosan flame retardants can improve the thermal stability of the polymer materials and yet not the flame retardant grade of them. The main research directions for the future of the blended chitosan flame retardants are the applications of phosphorus-containing substances, the investigation of new blending technology and deep development of layer-by-layer self-assembly techniques of fibres products. Polymer materials with characteristics of high flame retardancy, blending adaptability and finishing washability can be obtained by means of molecular designing according to the needs of flame retardancy and blending adaptability in the fields of fibers or plastic products,which is the development trend of studies on chemically modified chitosan retardants.
The chitosan-based flame retardants have the features of green sustainable development and meet the future development direction of flame retardants. On the basis of chitosan-based flame retardant studies carried out by domestic and foreign scholars, research progresses in recent years about chitosan-based flame retardants described as monocomponent, blended, or chemically modified were systematically introduced. Monocomponent chitosan flame retardants can improve the thermal stability of the polymer materials and yet not the flame retardant grade of them. The main research directions for the future of the blended chitosan flame retardants are the applications of phosphorus-containing substances, the investigation of new blending technology and deep development of layer-by-layer self-assembly techniques of fibres products. Polymer materials with characteristics of high flame retardancy, blending adaptability and finishing washability can be obtained by means of molecular designing according to the needs of flame retardancy and blending adaptability in the fields of fibers or plastic products,which is the development trend of studies on chemically modified chitosan retardants.
引文
[1] THAKUR V K, THAKUR M K. Recent advances in graft copolymerization and applications of chitosan: a review[J]. Acs Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2014, 12(2): 2637-2652.
[2] THAKUR V K, VOICU S I. Recent advances in cellulose and chitosan based membranes for water purification: A concise review[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2016, 146(17): 148-164.
[3] MURAL P K S, KUMAR B, MADRAS G, et al. Chitosan immobilized porous polyolefin as sustainable and efficient antibacterial membranes[J]. Acs Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2016, 4(3): 862-870.
[4] CROISIER F, JEROME C. Chitosan-based biomaterials for tissue engineering[J]. European Polymer Journal, 2013, 49(4): 780-792.
[5] JOHNS J, RAO V. Thermal stability, morphology, and X-ray diffraction studies of dynamically vulcanized natural rubber/chitosan blends[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2009, 44(15): 4087-4094.
[6] TRONG MING D, SHIH CHANG H, WEN-YEN C. Structures and thermal properties of chitosan-modified poly(methyl methacrylate)[J]. Journal of Polymer Science(Part A: Polymer Chemistry), 2010, 39(10): 1646-1655.
[7] CHARUCHINDA S, SRIKULKIT K, MOWATTANA T. Coapplication of sodium polyphosphate and chitosan to improve flame retardancy of cotton fabric[J]. Sci Res Chula Univ,2005, 30(1): 97-107.
[8] GUIN T, KRECKER M, MILHORN A, et al. Maintaining hand and improving fire resistance of cotton fabric through ultrasonication rinsing of multilayer nanocoating[J]. Cellulose, 2014, 21(4): 3023-3030.
[9] CAROSIO F, ALONGI J, MALUCELLI G. Layer by layer ammonium polyphosphate based coatings for flame retardancy of polyester-cotton blends[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2012, 88(4):1460-1469.
[10] SRIKULKIT K, IAMSAMAI C, DUBAS S T. Development of flame retardant polyphosphoric acid coating based on the polyelectrolyte multilayers technique[J]. Journal of Metals, 2006, 16(2):41-45.
[11] 杨君驰,黄鉴前,陈力,等.三聚氰胺泡沫层层组装阻燃改性研究[C]//全国高分子学术论文报告会,北京:中国化学会,2013.
[12] CHEN C, GU X, JIN X, et al. The effect of chitosan on the flammability and thermal stability of polylactic acid/ammonium polyphosphate biocomposites[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2017, 157(13): 1586-1593.
[13] 白洁,薛宝霞,杨雅茹,等.壳聚糖/聚磷酸铵膨胀阻燃PP的阻燃及抑烟性能[J].工程塑料应用, 2017,45(7):119-123.
[14] ZHANG T, YAN H, SHEN L, et al. Chitosan/phytic acid polyelectrolyte complex: a green and renewable intumescent flame retardant system for ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014, 53(49): 19199-19207.
[15] LAUFER G, KIRKLAND C, MORGAN A B, et al. Intumescent multilayer nanocoating, made with renewable polyelectrolytes, for flame-retardant cotton[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2012, 13(9): 2843-2848.
[16] 徐婕,于鹏美,陈忠立,等.采用静电层层自组装法制备阻燃蚕丝织物的工艺条件及产品性能测试[J].蚕业科学, 2014, 40(1):75-80.
[17] 陈小璇,方飞,杜天翔,等.壳聚糖-海藻酸钾层层自组装防火涂层的制备与性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程, 2016,32(7):121-124.
[18] KUMAR K C, WANG W, ZHOU S, et al. A green approach to constructing multilayered nanocoating for flame retardant treatment of polyamide 66 fabric from chitosan and sodium alginate[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2017, 166: 131-138.
[19] MESQUITA J P D, DONNICI C L, PEREIRA F V. Biobased nanocomposites from layer-by-layer assembly of cellulose nanowhiskers with chitosan[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2010, 11(2): 473-80.
[20] JIA Y, HU Y, ZHENG D, et al. Synthesis and evaluation of an efficient, durable, and environmentally friendly flame retardant for cotton[J]. Cellulose, 2017, 24(2): 1159-1170.
[21] ANNALISA C, FRANCESCA B, GIULIO M, et al. DNA-chitosan cross-linking and photografting to cotton fabrics to improve washing fastness of the fire-resistant finishing[J]. Cellulose, 2016, 23(3): 1-22.
[22] CAROSIO F, DI BLASIO A, ALONGI J, MALU-CELLI G. Green DNA-based flame retardant coatings assembled through layer by layer[J]. Polymer,2013, 54(19): 5148-5153.
[23] 任元林,张悦,曾倩,等. 织物阻燃涂层新工艺的研究进展[J]. 纺织学报, 2017, 38(9): 168-173.
[24] KIM Y S, DAVIS R, CAIN A A, et al. Development of layer-by-layer assembled carbon nanofiberfilled coatings to reduce polyurethane foam flammability[J]. Polymer, 2011, 52(13): 2847-2855.
[25] ZHANG X, SHEN Q, ZHANG X, et al. Graphene oxide-filled multilayer coating to improve flame-retardant and smoke suppression properties of flexible polyurethane foam[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2016, 51(23): 10361-10374.
[26] 靳洋,王永亮,杨新春,等.壳聚糖-石墨烯-聚磷酸铵阻燃棉织物的研究[J].陶瓷学报, 2017, 38(3):386-389.
[27] RAY S S, OKAMOTO M. Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from preparation to processing[J]. Progress in Polymer Science, 2003, 28(11): 1539-1641.
[28] LAUFER G, KIRKLAND C, CAIN A A, et al. Clay-chitosan nanobrick walls: completely renewable gas barrier and flame-retardant nanocoatings[J]. Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2012, 4(3): 1643-1649.
[29] HOLDER K M, HUFF M E, COSIO M N, et al. Intumescing multilayer thin film deposited on clay-based nanobrick wall to produce self extinguishing flame retardant polyurethane[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2015, 50(6): 2451-2458.
[30] LI Y C, YANG Y H, KIM Y S, et al. DNA-based nanocomposite biocoatings for fire-retarding polyurethane foam[J]. Green Materials, 2014, 2(3): 144-152.
[31] PARK J H, LEE H W, DONG K C, et al. Electrospinning and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan oligosaccharide/clay nanocomposite nanofibers in aqueous solutions[J]. Colloid & Polymer Science, 2009, 287(8): 943-950.
[32] 黎航,刘志鹏,杨政,等.有机蒙脱土协同壳聚糖基膨胀型阻燃剂阻燃聚乳酸研究[J].林业工程学报,2017,2(4):77-83.
[33] ALONGI J, CAROSIO F, MALUCELLI G. Layer by layer complex architectures based on ammonium polyphosphate, chitosan and silica on polyester-cotton blends: flammability and combustion behaviour[J]. Cellulose, 2012, 19(3): 1041-1050.
[34] CAROSIO F, ALONGI J, MALUCELLI G. Layer by Layer ammonium polyphosphate-based coatings for flame retardancy of polyester-cotton blends[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2012, 88: 1460-1469.
[35] PAN H, WANG W, PAN Y, et al. Construction of layer-by-layer assembled chitosan/titanate nanotubes based nanocoating on cotton fabrics: flame retardant performance and combustion behavior[J]. Cellulose, 2015, 22(1): 911-923.
[36] DAS K, MAITI S, LIU D. Morphological, mechanical and thermal study of ZnO nanoparticle reinforced chitosan based transparent biocomposite films[J]. Journal of the Institution of Engineers, 2014, 95(1): 35-41.
[37] ABOU-OKEIL A, EL-SHAFIE A, HEBEISH A. Chitosan phosphate induced better thermal characteristics to cotton fabric[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2010, 103(3): 2021-2026.
[38] ELTAHLAWY K. Chitosan phosphate: A new way for production of ecofriendly flame-retardant cotton textiles[J]. Journal of the Textile Institute, 2008, 99(3): 185-191.
[39] 王正洲,孔清锋.壳聚糖磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐阻燃剂的合成及在SBR中的应用[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2013,29(4):29-32.
[40] TELL M D, SHEIKH J, GOMATHL L,等.壳聚糖配方对牛仔面料的抗菌与阻燃整理[J].国际纺织导报,2014,42(7):44-47.
[41] 胡爽.磷硅杂化与含磷壳聚糖阻燃剂的制备及其阻燃聚合物的性能和机理研究[D].合肥: 中国科学技术大学,2012.
[42] HU S, SONG L, PAN H, et al. Effect of a novel chitosan-based flame retardant on thermal and flammability properties of polyvinyl alcohol[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry, 2013, 112(2):859-864.
[43] HU S, SONG L, HU Y. Preparation and characterization of chitosan-based flame retardant and its thermal and combustible behavior on polyvinyl alcohol[J]. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 2013, 52(4): 393-399.
[44] NISHI N, MAEKITA Y, NISHIMURA S, et al. Highly phosphorylated derivatives of chitin, partially deacetylated chitin and chitosan as new functional polymers: metal binding property of the insolubilized materials[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 1987, 9(2): 109-114.
[45] SHAN X, ZHANG P, SONG L, et al. Compound of nickel phosphate with Ni(OH)(PO4)2-layers and synergistic application with intumescent flame retardants in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Rese-arch, 2011, 50(12): 7201-7209.
[46] NIE S, HU Y, SONG L, et al. Study on a novel and efficient flame retardant synergist nanoporous nickel phosphates VSB-1 with intumescent flame retardants in polypropylene[J]. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 2010,19(6): 489-495.
[47] HU S, SONG L, PAN H, et al. Thermal properties and combustion behaviors of chitosan based flame retardant combining phosphorus and nickel[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2012, 51: 3663-3669.
[48] 王斐,邓启刚,陈朝晖,等.亚麻用降解壳聚糖含磷阻燃剂的合成及应用[J].精细化工,2015, 32(4): 461-465.
[49] 陈朝晖,杜云恒,王则臻,等.亚麻织物的含磷阻燃整理[J].印染, 2015, 41(1): 13-16.
[50] 张丽娟.新型阻燃水性聚氨酯复合材料的研究与应用[D].南京: 东南大学, 2016.
[2] THAKUR V K, VOICU S I. Recent advances in cellulose and chitosan based membranes for water purification: A concise review[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2016, 146(17): 148-164.
[3] MURAL P K S, KUMAR B, MADRAS G, et al. Chitosan immobilized porous polyolefin as sustainable and efficient antibacterial membranes[J]. Acs Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2016, 4(3): 862-870.
[4] CROISIER F, JEROME C. Chitosan-based biomaterials for tissue engineering[J]. European Polymer Journal, 2013, 49(4): 780-792.
[5] JOHNS J, RAO V. Thermal stability, morphology, and X-ray diffraction studies of dynamically vulcanized natural rubber/chitosan blends[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2009, 44(15): 4087-4094.
[6] TRONG MING D, SHIH CHANG H, WEN-YEN C. Structures and thermal properties of chitosan-modified poly(methyl methacrylate)[J]. Journal of Polymer Science(Part A: Polymer Chemistry), 2010, 39(10): 1646-1655.
[7] CHARUCHINDA S, SRIKULKIT K, MOWATTANA T. Coapplication of sodium polyphosphate and chitosan to improve flame retardancy of cotton fabric[J]. Sci Res Chula Univ,2005, 30(1): 97-107.
[8] GUIN T, KRECKER M, MILHORN A, et al. Maintaining hand and improving fire resistance of cotton fabric through ultrasonication rinsing of multilayer nanocoating[J]. Cellulose, 2014, 21(4): 3023-3030.
[9] CAROSIO F, ALONGI J, MALUCELLI G. Layer by layer ammonium polyphosphate based coatings for flame retardancy of polyester-cotton blends[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2012, 88(4):1460-1469.
[10] SRIKULKIT K, IAMSAMAI C, DUBAS S T. Development of flame retardant polyphosphoric acid coating based on the polyelectrolyte multilayers technique[J]. Journal of Metals, 2006, 16(2):41-45.
[11] 杨君驰,黄鉴前,陈力,等.三聚氰胺泡沫层层组装阻燃改性研究[C]//全国高分子学术论文报告会,北京:中国化学会,2013.
[12] CHEN C, GU X, JIN X, et al. The effect of chitosan on the flammability and thermal stability of polylactic acid/ammonium polyphosphate biocomposites[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2017, 157(13): 1586-1593.
[13] 白洁,薛宝霞,杨雅茹,等.壳聚糖/聚磷酸铵膨胀阻燃PP的阻燃及抑烟性能[J].工程塑料应用, 2017,45(7):119-123.
[14] ZHANG T, YAN H, SHEN L, et al. Chitosan/phytic acid polyelectrolyte complex: a green and renewable intumescent flame retardant system for ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014, 53(49): 19199-19207.
[15] LAUFER G, KIRKLAND C, MORGAN A B, et al. Intumescent multilayer nanocoating, made with renewable polyelectrolytes, for flame-retardant cotton[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2012, 13(9): 2843-2848.
[16] 徐婕,于鹏美,陈忠立,等.采用静电层层自组装法制备阻燃蚕丝织物的工艺条件及产品性能测试[J].蚕业科学, 2014, 40(1):75-80.
[17] 陈小璇,方飞,杜天翔,等.壳聚糖-海藻酸钾层层自组装防火涂层的制备与性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程, 2016,32(7):121-124.
[18] KUMAR K C, WANG W, ZHOU S, et al. A green approach to constructing multilayered nanocoating for flame retardant treatment of polyamide 66 fabric from chitosan and sodium alginate[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2017, 166: 131-138.
[19] MESQUITA J P D, DONNICI C L, PEREIRA F V. Biobased nanocomposites from layer-by-layer assembly of cellulose nanowhiskers with chitosan[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2010, 11(2): 473-80.
[20] JIA Y, HU Y, ZHENG D, et al. Synthesis and evaluation of an efficient, durable, and environmentally friendly flame retardant for cotton[J]. Cellulose, 2017, 24(2): 1159-1170.
[21] ANNALISA C, FRANCESCA B, GIULIO M, et al. DNA-chitosan cross-linking and photografting to cotton fabrics to improve washing fastness of the fire-resistant finishing[J]. Cellulose, 2016, 23(3): 1-22.
[22] CAROSIO F, DI BLASIO A, ALONGI J, MALU-CELLI G. Green DNA-based flame retardant coatings assembled through layer by layer[J]. Polymer,2013, 54(19): 5148-5153.
[23] 任元林,张悦,曾倩,等. 织物阻燃涂层新工艺的研究进展[J]. 纺织学报, 2017, 38(9): 168-173.
[24] KIM Y S, DAVIS R, CAIN A A, et al. Development of layer-by-layer assembled carbon nanofiberfilled coatings to reduce polyurethane foam flammability[J]. Polymer, 2011, 52(13): 2847-2855.
[25] ZHANG X, SHEN Q, ZHANG X, et al. Graphene oxide-filled multilayer coating to improve flame-retardant and smoke suppression properties of flexible polyurethane foam[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2016, 51(23): 10361-10374.
[26] 靳洋,王永亮,杨新春,等.壳聚糖-石墨烯-聚磷酸铵阻燃棉织物的研究[J].陶瓷学报, 2017, 38(3):386-389.
[27] RAY S S, OKAMOTO M. Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from preparation to processing[J]. Progress in Polymer Science, 2003, 28(11): 1539-1641.
[28] LAUFER G, KIRKLAND C, CAIN A A, et al. Clay-chitosan nanobrick walls: completely renewable gas barrier and flame-retardant nanocoatings[J]. Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2012, 4(3): 1643-1649.
[29] HOLDER K M, HUFF M E, COSIO M N, et al. Intumescing multilayer thin film deposited on clay-based nanobrick wall to produce self extinguishing flame retardant polyurethane[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2015, 50(6): 2451-2458.
[30] LI Y C, YANG Y H, KIM Y S, et al. DNA-based nanocomposite biocoatings for fire-retarding polyurethane foam[J]. Green Materials, 2014, 2(3): 144-152.
[31] PARK J H, LEE H W, DONG K C, et al. Electrospinning and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan oligosaccharide/clay nanocomposite nanofibers in aqueous solutions[J]. Colloid & Polymer Science, 2009, 287(8): 943-950.
[32] 黎航,刘志鹏,杨政,等.有机蒙脱土协同壳聚糖基膨胀型阻燃剂阻燃聚乳酸研究[J].林业工程学报,2017,2(4):77-83.
[33] ALONGI J, CAROSIO F, MALUCELLI G. Layer by layer complex architectures based on ammonium polyphosphate, chitosan and silica on polyester-cotton blends: flammability and combustion behaviour[J]. Cellulose, 2012, 19(3): 1041-1050.
[34] CAROSIO F, ALONGI J, MALUCELLI G. Layer by Layer ammonium polyphosphate-based coatings for flame retardancy of polyester-cotton blends[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2012, 88: 1460-1469.
[35] PAN H, WANG W, PAN Y, et al. Construction of layer-by-layer assembled chitosan/titanate nanotubes based nanocoating on cotton fabrics: flame retardant performance and combustion behavior[J]. Cellulose, 2015, 22(1): 911-923.
[36] DAS K, MAITI S, LIU D. Morphological, mechanical and thermal study of ZnO nanoparticle reinforced chitosan based transparent biocomposite films[J]. Journal of the Institution of Engineers, 2014, 95(1): 35-41.
[37] ABOU-OKEIL A, EL-SHAFIE A, HEBEISH A. Chitosan phosphate induced better thermal characteristics to cotton fabric[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2010, 103(3): 2021-2026.
[38] ELTAHLAWY K. Chitosan phosphate: A new way for production of ecofriendly flame-retardant cotton textiles[J]. Journal of the Textile Institute, 2008, 99(3): 185-191.
[39] 王正洲,孔清锋.壳聚糖磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐阻燃剂的合成及在SBR中的应用[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2013,29(4):29-32.
[40] TELL M D, SHEIKH J, GOMATHL L,等.壳聚糖配方对牛仔面料的抗菌与阻燃整理[J].国际纺织导报,2014,42(7):44-47.
[41] 胡爽.磷硅杂化与含磷壳聚糖阻燃剂的制备及其阻燃聚合物的性能和机理研究[D].合肥: 中国科学技术大学,2012.
[42] HU S, SONG L, PAN H, et al. Effect of a novel chitosan-based flame retardant on thermal and flammability properties of polyvinyl alcohol[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry, 2013, 112(2):859-864.
[43] HU S, SONG L, HU Y. Preparation and characterization of chitosan-based flame retardant and its thermal and combustible behavior on polyvinyl alcohol[J]. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 2013, 52(4): 393-399.
[44] NISHI N, MAEKITA Y, NISHIMURA S, et al. Highly phosphorylated derivatives of chitin, partially deacetylated chitin and chitosan as new functional polymers: metal binding property of the insolubilized materials[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 1987, 9(2): 109-114.
[45] SHAN X, ZHANG P, SONG L, et al. Compound of nickel phosphate with Ni(OH)(PO4)2-layers and synergistic application with intumescent flame retardants in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Rese-arch, 2011, 50(12): 7201-7209.
[46] NIE S, HU Y, SONG L, et al. Study on a novel and efficient flame retardant synergist nanoporous nickel phosphates VSB-1 with intumescent flame retardants in polypropylene[J]. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 2010,19(6): 489-495.
[47] HU S, SONG L, PAN H, et al. Thermal properties and combustion behaviors of chitosan based flame retardant combining phosphorus and nickel[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2012, 51: 3663-3669.
[48] 王斐,邓启刚,陈朝晖,等.亚麻用降解壳聚糖含磷阻燃剂的合成及应用[J].精细化工,2015, 32(4): 461-465.
[49] 陈朝晖,杜云恒,王则臻,等.亚麻织物的含磷阻燃整理[J].印染, 2015, 41(1): 13-16.
[50] 张丽娟.新型阻燃水性聚氨酯复合材料的研究与应用[D].南京: 东南大学, 2016.