基于CFD-DEM耦合的网式过滤器水沙运动数值模拟
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摘要
过滤器内部的水沙运动复杂且多变,初始状态下沙粒分布的不均导致滤芯产生局部堵塞,改变了水流流态并进一步影响后续沙粒运动和分布。本文以CFD-DEM(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD;Discrete element method,DEM)耦合模拟Y型网式过滤器内部流场变化与沙粒运动及分布,直观地反映了滤芯对水流的流动阻力特性与对沙粒运动分布影响。结果表明,过滤器内部存在明显的回流区、旋涡区及滞流区,导致各过滤面流速不均,出口一侧流速大,进口一侧流速小,两者相差39%;随着时间的变化,过滤器内流场变化明显,沙粒堆积依次出现在出口侧下端面、出口侧上端面、进口侧下端面、进口侧上端面上,最终布满整个滤芯;在滤芯的4个过滤面中,出口侧上端面流速大而沙粒堆积最少,进口侧上端面流速小而沙粒堆积最多,由此可见出口侧上端面具有更好的过滤性能,可适当提高该处过水面积,以提高过滤器过滤效率。
Water and sediment movement in filter is complex and changeable. In the beginning,local blockage on filter element caused by non-uniform distribution of sediment affects flow distribution which will change tracks of follow-up sediment. Using CFD-DEM( computational fluid dynamics,CFD; discrete element method,DEM) method to simulate flow field and sediment distribution in Y-type screen filter,the resistance characteristics of filter and its influence on the movement and distribution of sediment were directly reflected. Results showed that the obvious backflow,vortex and viscous flow in the whole flow field led the uneven flow rate which was higher in outlet area and lower in inlet area,with a difference of 39%. Filter element was responsible for 90% of the total pressure loss. Flow condition was changed significantly with time,while sediment deposition appeared in the order of outlet under area,outlet upper area,inlet under area,inlet upper area and finally blocked the whole filter element. Among the four face areas in the filter element,sediment deposition was the least in outlet upper area which was at high flow rate while most in inlet upper area which was at low flow rate. So appropriately raising the flow section of outlet upper area with a better performance can improve the filtration efficiency.
Water and sediment movement in filter is complex and changeable. In the beginning,local blockage on filter element caused by non-uniform distribution of sediment affects flow distribution which will change tracks of follow-up sediment. Using CFD-DEM( computational fluid dynamics,CFD; discrete element method,DEM) method to simulate flow field and sediment distribution in Y-type screen filter,the resistance characteristics of filter and its influence on the movement and distribution of sediment were directly reflected. Results showed that the obvious backflow,vortex and viscous flow in the whole flow field led the uneven flow rate which was higher in outlet area and lower in inlet area,with a difference of 39%. Filter element was responsible for 90% of the total pressure loss. Flow condition was changed significantly with time,while sediment deposition appeared in the order of outlet under area,outlet upper area,inlet under area,inlet upper area and finally blocked the whole filter element. Among the four face areas in the filter element,sediment deposition was the least in outlet upper area which was at high flow rate while most in inlet upper area which was at low flow rate. So appropriately raising the flow section of outlet upper area with a better performance can improve the filtration efficiency.
引文
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3王忠义,任翱宇,王纪达,等.管道过滤器流场数值模拟与实验[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015,16(1):75-79.WANG Zhongyi,REN Aoyu,WANG Jida,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental of the pipe filter flow field[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology:Nature Science Edition,2015,16(1):75-79.(in Chinese)
4董文楚.微灌用滤网过滤器设计原理与方法[J].节水灌溉,1989,1(3):7-14.
5徐茂云.微灌系统过滤器性能的试验研究[J].水利学报,1995(11):84-89.
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8胡国明.颗粒系统的离散元素法分析仿真:离散元素法的工业应用与EDEM软件简介[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2010.
9钱宁.泥沙运动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
10陶洪飞,朱玲玲,马英杰,等.网式过滤器的计算模型选择及内部流场分析[J].节水灌溉,2016,28(10):83-87.TAO Hongfei,ZHU Lingling,MA Yingjie,et al.Calculation model selection and internal flow field analysis of screen filter[J].Water Saving Irrigation,2016,28(10):83-87.(in Chinese)
11王福军.计算流体动力学分析-CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
12喻黎明,邹小艳,谭弘,等.基于CFD-DEM耦合的水力旋流器水沙运动三维数值模拟[J/OL].农业机械学报,2016,47(1):126-132.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20160117&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.01.017.YU Liming,ZOU Xiaoyan,TAN Hong,el at.3D numerical simulation of water and sediment flow in hydrocyclone based on coupled CFD-DEM[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(1):126-132.(in Chinese)
13 QIU C L,WU C Y.A hybrid DEM/CFD approach for solid-liquid flows[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2014,26(1):19-25.
14 CHU K W,WANG B,YU A B,et al.CFD-DEM modelling of multiphase flow in dense medium cyclones[J].Powder Technology,2009,193(3):235-247.
15刘飞,刘焕芳,宗全利,等.自清洗网式过滤器水头损失和排污时间研究[J/OL].农业机械学报,2013,44(5):127-134.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20130523&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.05.023.LIU Fei,LIU Huanfang,ZONG Quanli,et al.Experiment on head loss and discharge time of self-cleaning screen filter[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(5):127-134.(in Chinese)
16王新坤,高世凯,夏立平,等.微灌用网式过滤器数值模拟与结构优化[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(8):719-723.WANG Xinkun,GAO Shikai,XIA Liping,et al.Numerical simulation and structural optimization of screen filter in micro-irrigation[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2013,31(8):719-723.(in Chinese)
17徐茂云.微灌用筛网式过滤器水力性能的试验研究[J].水利学报,1992(3):54-56,64.
18陆坤权,刘寄星.颗粒物质(上)[J].物理,2004,33(9):629-635.LU Kunquan,LIU Jixing.Static and dynamic properties of granular matter(Ⅰ)[J].Physics,2004,33(9):629-635.(in Chinese)
19陆坤权,刘寄星.颗粒物质(下)[J].物理,2004,33(10):713-721.LU Kunquan,LIU Jixing.Static and dynamic properties of granular matter(Ⅱ)[J].Physics,2004,33(10):713-721.(in Chinese)
20唐学林.固-液两相流体动力学及其在水力机械中的应用[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2006.
21刘焕芳,王军,胡九英,等.旋流网式过滤器水力性能的试验研究[C]∥中国科协2005年学术年会---人水和谐暨新疆水资源可持续利用论坛,2005.
22 SOUZA F J,VIEIRA L G M,DAMASCENO J J R,et al.Analysis of the influence of the filtering medium on the behaviour of the filtering hydrocyclone[J].Powder Technology,2000,107(3):259-267.
2阿力甫江·阿不里米提,虎胆·吐马尔白,马合木江·艾合买提,等.微灌鱼雷网式过滤器全流场数值模拟[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(3):107-112.ALIFUJIANG Abulimiti,HUDAN Tumaerbai,MULATI Yusaiyin,et al.Numerical simulation on flow field of screen filter with torpedo in micro-irrigation[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2017,33(3):107-112.(in Chinese)
3王忠义,任翱宇,王纪达,等.管道过滤器流场数值模拟与实验[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015,16(1):75-79.WANG Zhongyi,REN Aoyu,WANG Jida,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental of the pipe filter flow field[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology:Nature Science Edition,2015,16(1):75-79.(in Chinese)
4董文楚.微灌用滤网过滤器设计原理与方法[J].节水灌溉,1989,1(3):7-14.
5徐茂云.微灌系统过滤器性能的试验研究[J].水利学报,1995(11):84-89.
6 PUIG-BARGUES J,BARRAGAN J,de CARTAGENA F R,et al.Development of equations for calculating the head loss in effluent filtration in micro-irrigation systems using dimensional analysis[J].Biosystems Engineering,2005,92(3):383-390.
7 DURANROS M,ARBAT G,BARRAGAN J,et al.Assessment of head loss equations developed with dimensional analysis for micro irrigation filters using effluents[J].Biosystems Engineering,2010,106(4):521-526.
8胡国明.颗粒系统的离散元素法分析仿真:离散元素法的工业应用与EDEM软件简介[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2010.
9钱宁.泥沙运动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
10陶洪飞,朱玲玲,马英杰,等.网式过滤器的计算模型选择及内部流场分析[J].节水灌溉,2016,28(10):83-87.TAO Hongfei,ZHU Lingling,MA Yingjie,et al.Calculation model selection and internal flow field analysis of screen filter[J].Water Saving Irrigation,2016,28(10):83-87.(in Chinese)
11王福军.计算流体动力学分析-CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
12喻黎明,邹小艳,谭弘,等.基于CFD-DEM耦合的水力旋流器水沙运动三维数值模拟[J/OL].农业机械学报,2016,47(1):126-132.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20160117&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.01.017.YU Liming,ZOU Xiaoyan,TAN Hong,el at.3D numerical simulation of water and sediment flow in hydrocyclone based on coupled CFD-DEM[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(1):126-132.(in Chinese)
13 QIU C L,WU C Y.A hybrid DEM/CFD approach for solid-liquid flows[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2014,26(1):19-25.
14 CHU K W,WANG B,YU A B,et al.CFD-DEM modelling of multiphase flow in dense medium cyclones[J].Powder Technology,2009,193(3):235-247.
15刘飞,刘焕芳,宗全利,等.自清洗网式过滤器水头损失和排污时间研究[J/OL].农业机械学报,2013,44(5):127-134.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20130523&journal_id=jcsam.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2013.05.023.LIU Fei,LIU Huanfang,ZONG Quanli,et al.Experiment on head loss and discharge time of self-cleaning screen filter[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(5):127-134.(in Chinese)
16王新坤,高世凯,夏立平,等.微灌用网式过滤器数值模拟与结构优化[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(8):719-723.WANG Xinkun,GAO Shikai,XIA Liping,et al.Numerical simulation and structural optimization of screen filter in micro-irrigation[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2013,31(8):719-723.(in Chinese)
17徐茂云.微灌用筛网式过滤器水力性能的试验研究[J].水利学报,1992(3):54-56,64.
18陆坤权,刘寄星.颗粒物质(上)[J].物理,2004,33(9):629-635.LU Kunquan,LIU Jixing.Static and dynamic properties of granular matter(Ⅰ)[J].Physics,2004,33(9):629-635.(in Chinese)
19陆坤权,刘寄星.颗粒物质(下)[J].物理,2004,33(10):713-721.LU Kunquan,LIU Jixing.Static and dynamic properties of granular matter(Ⅱ)[J].Physics,2004,33(10):713-721.(in Chinese)
20唐学林.固-液两相流体动力学及其在水力机械中的应用[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2006.
21刘焕芳,王军,胡九英,等.旋流网式过滤器水力性能的试验研究[C]∥中国科协2005年学术年会---人水和谐暨新疆水资源可持续利用论坛,2005.
22 SOUZA F J,VIEIRA L G M,DAMASCENO J J R,et al.Analysis of the influence of the filtering medium on the behaviour of the filtering hydrocyclone[J].Powder Technology,2000,107(3):259-267.