基于概率素养的数学教材设计特征的分析与启示——以美国CPMP教科书为例
|
摘要
本文根据概率素养的要素,对美国CPMP高中数学教科书9年级概率专题进行分析,得出以下结论:CPMP教科书的设计提供了丰富而易理解的概率与统计语言;任务的设计与组织突出数学的联系;呈现概率模型探索的推理过程与方法;利用各种社会问题情境发展批判意识;利用核心概念群促进学生建构随机性概念;以"问题-探究"为导向组织不同层次与功能的习题。论文最后提出了对我国教材设计中落实数学核心素养的启示。
According to the elements of probability literacy, the probability topic of grade 9 of CPMP high school mathematics textbook in the United States was analyzed. The design of probability project in CPMP textbook has many features. First, it provides a richer probabilistic and statistical language; Second, the task highlights the connection between mathematics. Third, it presents the reasoning process and method for exploring probabilistic model. Fourth, it uses a variety of social situations to help learners to develop critical awareness; Fifth, it uses the core concept group to promote students to construct the concept of randomness.Sixth, it organizes exercises of different levels and functions under the guidance of "question-inquiry". Finally,some implications are given for the implementation of the core quality of mathematics in the textbook design in our country.
According to the elements of probability literacy, the probability topic of grade 9 of CPMP high school mathematics textbook in the United States was analyzed. The design of probability project in CPMP textbook has many features. First, it provides a richer probabilistic and statistical language; Second, the task highlights the connection between mathematics. Third, it presents the reasoning process and method for exploring probabilistic model. Fourth, it uses a variety of social situations to help learners to develop critical awareness; Fifth, it uses the core concept group to promote students to construct the concept of randomness.Sixth, it organizes exercises of different levels and functions under the guidance of "question-inquiry". Finally,some implications are given for the implementation of the core quality of mathematics in the textbook design in our country.
引文
[1]章建跃,宋莉莉等.美国高中数学核心概念图[J].课程·教材·教法,2013,(11):115-121.
[2]Core-Plus Mathematics-Contemporary Mathematics in Context Course 1-4[M].McGraw-Hill,2008.
[3]全美州长协会和首席州立学校官员理事会.蔡金法等译.美国州际核心数学课程标准:历史、内容和实施[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2016.91.
[4]Gal I.Towards‘probability literacy’for all citizens[M].Kluwer Academic Publishers,2005:43-71.
[5]Jones G A,Langrall C W,Mooney ES.Research in probability:Responding to classroom realities.In F.K.Lester(Ed.),Second handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning[M].Charlotte,USA:Information Age Publishing,2007:909-956.
[6]Watson J.Assessing statistical literacy through the use of media surveys[M]//Gal I,Garfield J.The assessment challenge in statistics education.Amsterdam:International Statistical Institute/IOS Press.1997:107-121.
[7]史宁忠主编.基本概念与运算法则-小学数学教学中的核心问题[M].高等教育出版社,2013.72.
[8]Shaughnessy M.Focus in High School Mathematics:Statistics and Probability[M].National Council of Teachers of Mathematics,2009.
[9][11]李俊.论统计素养的培养[J].浙江教育学院学报,2009,(1):10-16.
[10]Core-Plus Mathematics Key Evaluation and Research Findings1992-2013[EB/OL].http://www.cpmponline.org/evaluation.html,2013.
[12]严加安院士的科学网博客http://blog.sciencenet.cn/u/yanjiaan.
[13]Shaughnessy M.Commentary on the Chapters on Probability from a Stochastic Perspective[M].Springer,2014:481-491.
[2]Core-Plus Mathematics-Contemporary Mathematics in Context Course 1-4[M].McGraw-Hill,2008.
[3]全美州长协会和首席州立学校官员理事会.蔡金法等译.美国州际核心数学课程标准:历史、内容和实施[M].北京:人民教育出版社,2016.91.
[4]Gal I.Towards‘probability literacy’for all citizens[M].Kluwer Academic Publishers,2005:43-71.
[5]Jones G A,Langrall C W,Mooney ES.Research in probability:Responding to classroom realities.In F.K.Lester(Ed.),Second handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning[M].Charlotte,USA:Information Age Publishing,2007:909-956.
[6]Watson J.Assessing statistical literacy through the use of media surveys[M]//Gal I,Garfield J.The assessment challenge in statistics education.Amsterdam:International Statistical Institute/IOS Press.1997:107-121.
[7]史宁忠主编.基本概念与运算法则-小学数学教学中的核心问题[M].高等教育出版社,2013.72.
[8]Shaughnessy M.Focus in High School Mathematics:Statistics and Probability[M].National Council of Teachers of Mathematics,2009.
[9][11]李俊.论统计素养的培养[J].浙江教育学院学报,2009,(1):10-16.
[10]Core-Plus Mathematics Key Evaluation and Research Findings1992-2013[EB/OL].http://www.cpmponline.org/evaluation.html,2013.
[12]严加安院士的科学网博客http://blog.sciencenet.cn/u/yanjiaan.
[13]Shaughnessy M.Commentary on the Chapters on Probability from a Stochastic Perspective[M].Springer,2014:481-491.