反硝化生物膜滤池脱氮影响因素分析
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摘要
采用反硝化生物膜滤池(DNBF)模拟装置处理城市污水厂的出水,并分析脱氮效能。在水温为14. 3～22. 8℃、pH值为6. 7～7. 4的条件下,通过单因素试验和正交试验,考察C/N值、温度、HRT、DO等因素对反硝化生物膜滤池脱氮效果的影响。试验结果表明,C/N值由0. 89上升到12. 46过程中,COD去除率呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,且在C/N值为5. 91时COD去除率达到最大; TN和NO_3~- -N去除率分别在C/N值为5. 04和3. 65时达到最高。当C/N值≤3. 65时,碳源不足导致TN去除率较低和NO_2~- -N的累积;当C/N值≥5. 91时,碳源过量条件下,TN去除率未明显下降,DNBF脱氮率仍高达96%。当平均水温由22℃(夏季)降低至15℃(冬季)时,平均脱氮率由96%降低至83%。正交试验结果表明,对于COD、TN、NO_3~- -N去除率而言,HRT的极差均最大,即HRT是DNBF脱氮性能的主要影响因素。
The effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was treated by a simulated denitrification biological filter (DNBF), and the nitrogen removal efficiency was analyzed. The influences of C/N ratio,temperature,hydraulic retention time (HRT) and dissolved oxygen (DO) on denitrification were investigated through single factor test and orthogonal test when the water temperature and pH were 14. 3-22. 8 ℃ and 6. 7-7. 4. The results showed that the COD removal rate increased first and then decreased when the C/N ratio increased from 0. 89 to 12. 46,and the maximum COD removal rate was detected when the C/N ratio was 5. 91. The removal rates of TN and NO_3~- -N were the highest when the C/N ratio was 5. 04 and 3. 65,respectively. When the C/N ratio was no more than 3. 65,the low TN removal rate and the accumulation of NO_2~- -N was observed due to the lack of carbon source. However,the removal rate of TN did not decrease significantly due to excessive carbon source when the C/N ratio was no less than 5. 91,and the nitrogen removal rate of DNBF was still 96%. The average removal rate of nitrogen decreased from 96% to 83% when the average water temperature decreased from 22 ℃ in summer to 15 ℃ in winter. Results of the orthogonal test indicated that the range of HRT of COD,TN and NO_3~- -N removal rates was always the largest,which further proved that HRT was the main influencing factor of nitrogen removal in the DNBF.
The effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was treated by a simulated denitrification biological filter (DNBF), and the nitrogen removal efficiency was analyzed. The influences of C/N ratio,temperature,hydraulic retention time (HRT) and dissolved oxygen (DO) on denitrification were investigated through single factor test and orthogonal test when the water temperature and pH were 14. 3-22. 8 ℃ and 6. 7-7. 4. The results showed that the COD removal rate increased first and then decreased when the C/N ratio increased from 0. 89 to 12. 46,and the maximum COD removal rate was detected when the C/N ratio was 5. 91. The removal rates of TN and NO_3~- -N were the highest when the C/N ratio was 5. 04 and 3. 65,respectively. When the C/N ratio was no more than 3. 65,the low TN removal rate and the accumulation of NO_2~- -N was observed due to the lack of carbon source. However,the removal rate of TN did not decrease significantly due to excessive carbon source when the C/N ratio was no less than 5. 91,and the nitrogen removal rate of DNBF was still 96%. The average removal rate of nitrogen decreased from 96% to 83% when the average water temperature decreased from 22 ℃ in summer to 15 ℃ in winter. Results of the orthogonal test indicated that the range of HRT of COD,TN and NO_3~- -N removal rates was always the largest,which further proved that HRT was the main influencing factor of nitrogen removal in the DNBF.
引文
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[2]邹高龙,张健君,杨淑芳,等.传统活性污泥法新增脱氮除磷功能的成功改造实例[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(6):81-84.Zou Gaolong,Zhang Jianjun,Yang Shufang,et al.Reconstruction of traditional activated sludge process by adding nitrogen and phosphorus removal function[J].China Water&Wastewater,2014,30(6):81-84(in Chinese).
[3]高建锋,杨碧印,赵建树,等.反硝化生物滤池用于再生水脱氮效能及动力学研究[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(1):199-204.Gao Jianfeng,Yang Biyin,Zhao Jianshu,et al.Nitrogen removal and denitrification kinetics of denitrification biological filter for reclaimed water treatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(1):199-204(in Chinese).
[4]孙迎雪,胡银翠,孙云祥,等.反硝化生物滤池深度脱氮机理[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(6):1857-1862.Sun Yingxue,Hu Yincui,Sun Yunxiang,et al.Denitrification biological filter as tertiary treatment for nitrogen removal[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2012,6(6):1857-1862(in Chinese).
[5]张崟,王卫,张佳敏,等.响应面法和正交试验对骨素酶解工艺优化的比较[J].食品研究与开发,2012,33(7):53-56.Zhang Yin,Wang Wei,Zhang Jiamin,et al.Comparison of the optimized hydrolysis processing for bone extract obtain by orthogonal and response surface design experiments[J].Food Research and Development,2012,33(7):53-56(in Chinese).
[6]于跃,李渊博.A2O氧化沟-混凝沉淀-反硝化深床滤池工艺在大型经开区污水处理中的应用[J].工业用水与废水,2016,47(3):1-5.Yu Yue,Li Yuanbo.Application of A2O oxidation ditchcoagulation sedimentation-deep bed denitrification filter process in treatment of wastewater from large economictechnological development area[J].Industrial Water&Wastewater,2016,47(3):1-5(in Chinese).
[7]陈爱朝,王海峰,周继,等.七格污水处理厂提标改造工程设计[J].中国给水排水,2016,32(24):118-121.Chen Aichao,Wang Haifeng,Zhou Ji,et al.Design of upgrading and reconstruction project of Qige Wastewater Treatment Plant[J].China Water&Wastewater,2016,32(24):118-121(in Chinese).
[8]杨碧印,李文龙,许仕荣,等.不同外加碳源反硝化滤池的挂膜与启动特性研究[J].水处理技术,2015,41(4):104-107.Yang Biyin,Li Wenlong,Xu Shirong,et al.Biofilm culturing and start-up properties of denitrification biological filter with different external carbon sources[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2015,41(4):104-107(in Chinese).
[9]王波,梅峰,李旭宁,等.反硝化生物滤池用于白酒废水深度脱氮处理研究[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(17):120-122,127.Wang Bo,Mei Feng,Li Xuning,et al.Denitrifying biofilter for advanced nitrogen removal treatment of liquor wastewater[J].China Water&Wastewater,2014,30(17):120-122,127(in Chinese).
[10]崔延瑞,邱鑫,张庆荣,等.生物活性炭对不同C/N比废水同步硝化反硝化脱氮效果的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(11):4296-4301.Cui Yanrui,Qiu Xin,Zhang Qingrong,et al.Influence of biological activated carbon on simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in inflow with different C/N ratios[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(11):4296-4301(in Chinese).
[11]李文龙,杨碧印,陈益清,等.不同外加碳源反硝化滤池的深度脱氮特性研究[J].水处理技术,2015,41(11):82-85.Li Wenlong,Yang Biyin,Chen Yiqing,et al.Study on denitrification biological filter depth processing characteristics with different external carbon source[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2015,41(11):82-85(in Chinese).
[12]张焕杰,余璐,朱文颖,等.固定化反硝化菌在低污染水处理中脱氮性能研究[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(5):857-863.Zhang Huanjie,Yu Lu,Zhu Wenying,et al.Nitrogen removal characteristics of immobilized denitrifying bacteria for treatment of slightly-polluted water[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2016,25(5):857-863(in Chinese).
[13]石明岩,冯兆继,余建恒,等.垃圾渗滤液与城市污水同步脱氮除碳正交试验[J].水处理技术,2010,36(9):69-72.Shi Mingyan,Feng Zhaoji,Yu Jianheng,et al.Simultaneous nitrogen and carbon removal of landfill and urban wastewater by orthogonal experiment[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2010,36(9):69-72(in Chinese).
[14]苑泉,王海燕,刘凯,等.HRT对城市污水厂尾水反硝化深度脱氮的影响[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(6):987-993.Yuan Quan,Wang Haiyan,Liu Kai,et al.Effects of HRT on denitrification for advanced nitrogen removal of wastewater treatment plant effluent[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(6):987-993(in Chinese).