议清人对陶渊明的评价
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摘要
清代的文士十分仰慕陶渊明,并纷纷学习陶渊明的人格思想及其艺术风神。笔者以清人对陶渊明的高度评价为线索,从对陶渊明的人格之推崇、诗文之赞誉以及人格与艺术成就之间的交融几个方面入手,映照清代的众多士人,将文学与士人心态研究结合起来全方位立体的审视清时期中国传统儒家文士们最真实的内心世界。同时将陶渊明放在清代特定的历史环境,进而总体梳理清代文士的精神面貌,还原陶渊明的精神文化品格,明确清代士人对陶渊明之接受。
Literati of Qing dynasty admired Tao Yuanming and actually learnd his personality and artistic style one after another. Along the high appraisal of Tao Yuanming by the literati of the Qing dynasty, studying from several aspects including admiration of personality, praise of poetry, and the integration of harmony between personality and artistic achievements, combing the study on literature and mind of literati, the author intends to review, from a full perspective, the real inner world of those literati of the Qing dynasty who upheld traditional Confucianism. At the same time, the paper places Tao Yuanming in the specific historical environment of the Qing Dynasty, comprehensively combs the spiritual outlook of the literati in the Qing Dynasty to further reappear Tao Yuanming's spiritual and cultural character and to clarify the acceptance of Tao Yuanming by the literati of the Qing dynasty.
Literati of Qing dynasty admired Tao Yuanming and actually learnd his personality and artistic style one after another. Along the high appraisal of Tao Yuanming by the literati of the Qing dynasty, studying from several aspects including admiration of personality, praise of poetry, and the integration of harmony between personality and artistic achievements, combing the study on literature and mind of literati, the author intends to review, from a full perspective, the real inner world of those literati of the Qing dynasty who upheld traditional Confucianism. At the same time, the paper places Tao Yuanming in the specific historical environment of the Qing Dynasty, comprehensively combs the spiritual outlook of the literati in the Qing Dynasty to further reappear Tao Yuanming's spiritual and cultural character and to clarify the acceptance of Tao Yuanming by the literati of the Qing dynasty.
引文
(1)王国维著、吴洋注释,《人间词话》,内蒙古人民出版社2003年版,第241页。
(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(13)(17)(18)(20)(25)(28)(30)(31)北京大学中文系文学史教研室,《陶渊明资料汇编(上)》,中华书局1962年版,分别引自第219页,第238-239页,第239页,第263-264页,第253页,第206页,第194页,第211页,第188页,第260页,第191页,第186页,第196页。
(7)顾炎武著,周苏平、陈国庆点注,《日知录》,甘肃民族出版社1997年版,第848页。
(8)顾炎武著,《菰中随笔》,中华书局1985年版,第38页。
(9)(11)(12)(16)(26)郭绍虞编选,富寿荪校点,《清诗话续编》,上海古籍出版社1983年版,分别引自第1078页,第137页,第137页,第2340页,第1100页。
(10)申骏编著,《中国历代诗话词话选粹(下)》,光明日报社1999年版,第98页。
(14)(15)方东树著,汪绍楹校点,《昭昧詹言》,:人民文学出版社1961年版,分别引自第35页,第34页。
(19)(24)(33)李调元著,詹杭伦、沈时蓉校正,《雨村诗话校正》,巴蜀书社2006年版,均引自第9页。
(21)陈祚明著,《采菽堂古诗选》,上海古籍出版社2008年版,第388-389页。
(22)(23)(32)潘德舆著、朱德慈辑校,《养一斋诗话》,中华书局2010年版,分别引自第24页,第157页,第24页。
(27)叶燮著、蒋寅笺注,《原诗笺注》,上海古籍出版社2014年版,第358页。
(29)沈德潜撰,《说诗晬语笺注》,人民文学出版社2013年版,第125页。
(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(13)(17)(18)(20)(25)(28)(30)(31)北京大学中文系文学史教研室,《陶渊明资料汇编(上)》,中华书局1962年版,分别引自第219页,第238-239页,第239页,第263-264页,第253页,第206页,第194页,第211页,第188页,第260页,第191页,第186页,第196页。
(7)顾炎武著,周苏平、陈国庆点注,《日知录》,甘肃民族出版社1997年版,第848页。
(8)顾炎武著,《菰中随笔》,中华书局1985年版,第38页。
(9)(11)(12)(16)(26)郭绍虞编选,富寿荪校点,《清诗话续编》,上海古籍出版社1983年版,分别引自第1078页,第137页,第137页,第2340页,第1100页。
(10)申骏编著,《中国历代诗话词话选粹(下)》,光明日报社1999年版,第98页。
(14)(15)方东树著,汪绍楹校点,《昭昧詹言》,:人民文学出版社1961年版,分别引自第35页,第34页。
(19)(24)(33)李调元著,詹杭伦、沈时蓉校正,《雨村诗话校正》,巴蜀书社2006年版,均引自第9页。
(21)陈祚明著,《采菽堂古诗选》,上海古籍出版社2008年版,第388-389页。
(22)(23)(32)潘德舆著、朱德慈辑校,《养一斋诗话》,中华书局2010年版,分别引自第24页,第157页,第24页。
(27)叶燮著、蒋寅笺注,《原诗笺注》,上海古籍出版社2014年版,第358页。
(29)沈德潜撰,《说诗晬语笺注》,人民文学出版社2013年版,第125页。