半球型动压气体轴承陀螺电机设计及性能测试
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摘要
针对高精度三浮陀螺用半球型动压气体轴承陀螺电机的启停寿命问题,对半球型动压气体轴承的设计理论以及保证轴承在电机工况下能可靠启停的一些关键技术进行研究.其中轴承间隙和螺旋槽结构参数是影响轴承可靠启停以及其力学性能的关键因素,将螺旋槽结构参数作为变量,通过改变变量参数来分析轴承力学指标的变化趋势,得出螺旋槽各关键参数与轴承刚度的关系曲线;通过有限元法仿真分析并校核了电机在工况下轴承的稳定性,证明了轴承间隙参数设计合理.在此基础上研制了半球型动压气体轴承陀螺电机样机,并进行专项的电机启停寿命试验,启停次数满足陀螺不少于3 000次指标要求,满足高精度三浮陀螺的使用要求.
Based on present study status of the start and stop life of hemispheric aerodynamic bearing gyro motor which was used for the heart of the high precision and long-life three-bearing gyroscope,designing theoretical and key technical means of hemispheric aerodynamic bearing were studied in this paper. Spiral groove parameters and bearing gap which affected the gas bearing performance and start and stop reliability were two key factors. Groove parameters were used as variables,and variation trends of gas bearing mechanical properties were analyzed by variables. Curves of relation between designing parameters of spiral groove and stiffness of gas bearing were drawn up. Distortions of gas bearing parts in the work at a high speed and at the operating temperature were simulated,and the gap of aerodynamic bearing was sure to be designed reasonably. A hemispheric aerodynamic bearing permanent magnetic gyro motor was invented in this paper and finished start and stop times no less than 3 000 in the start-stop experiment. It indicates that these designing technical means were feasible and suitable for utilization in the high precision and long-life gyroscope.
Based on present study status of the start and stop life of hemispheric aerodynamic bearing gyro motor which was used for the heart of the high precision and long-life three-bearing gyroscope,designing theoretical and key technical means of hemispheric aerodynamic bearing were studied in this paper. Spiral groove parameters and bearing gap which affected the gas bearing performance and start and stop reliability were two key factors. Groove parameters were used as variables,and variation trends of gas bearing mechanical properties were analyzed by variables. Curves of relation between designing parameters of spiral groove and stiffness of gas bearing were drawn up. Distortions of gas bearing parts in the work at a high speed and at the operating temperature were simulated,and the gap of aerodynamic bearing was sure to be designed reasonably. A hemispheric aerodynamic bearing permanent magnetic gyro motor was invented in this paper and finished start and stop times no less than 3 000 in the start-stop experiment. It indicates that these designing technical means were feasible and suitable for utilization in the high precision and long-life gyroscope.
引文
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[14]王京锋,刘景林,卜石.动压气体轴承陀螺电机启停可靠性分析研究[J].微特电机,2016,44(6):17-22.WANG Jingfeng,LIU Jinglin,BU Shi.The study of the start and stop reliability of a dynamic hydrodynamic gas bearing gyroscope motor[J].Small&Special Electrical Machines,2016,44(6):17-22.
[15]LEE K S,KIM S,LEE D.Aerodynamic focusing of 5-50 nm nanoparticles in air[J].Journal of Aerosol Science,2009,40(12):1011-1018.
[16]AWASTHI R K,JAIN S C,SATISH C,et al.Finite element analysis of orifice-compensated multiple hole-entry worn hybrid journal bearing[J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,2006,42(14/15):1291-1303.
[2]BREADMAN G.Development of the series 700 gas bearing gyroscope[C]//5th International Gas Bearing Symposium.Southampton:University of Southampton,1971:16-29.
[3]李建春,曹清.陀螺电机的发展趋势[J].导航与控制,2004,3(2):63-66.LI Jianchun,CAO Qing.Developing trend of the gyro motor[J].Navigation and Control,2004,3(2):63-66.
[4]王京锋,刘景林,许卫刚.动压气体轴承陀螺电机技术发展综述[J].微电机,2016,49(3):90-94.WANG Jingfeng,LIU Jinglin.The development and application of technology of the dynamic hydrodynamic gas bearing gyroscope motor[J].Micromotors,2016,49(3):90-94.
[5]李建春,冯浩,王晓瑜,等.气体动压轴承技术在陀螺电机中的应用[J].微电机,2012,45(6):80-82.LI Jianchun,FENG Hao,WANG Xiaoyu.Application of gas-dynamic bearing in gyro motor[J].Micromotors,2012,45(6):80-82.
[6]王晓瑜.研具对半球型动压气浮轴承球面成型精度的影响[J].导航与控制,2010,9(1):50-56.WANG Xiaoyu.The influence of abrasive tool on sphericity of semisphere for dynamic gas-bearing with sphere forming[J].Navigation and Control,2010,9(1):50-56.
[7]边新孝,李谋渭,李威.加工误差对气体静压径向轴承的影响[J].北京科技大学学报,2005,27(3):331-333.BIAN Xingxiao,LI Mouwei,LI Wei.Tolerance effect on performance of extemally pressurized air joumal bearings[J].Journal of University of Science and Techoology Beijing,2005,27(3):331-333.
[8]姚英学,杜建军,刘暾,等.制造误差对气体静压轴颈-止推轴承静特性影响[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2003,35(1):315-318.YAO Yingxue,DU Jingjun,LIU Dun,et al.Effect of manufacturing errors on static characteristics of externally pressurized gas journalthrust bearing[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2003,35(1):315-318.
[9]贾晨辉,杨伟,邱明.螺旋槽动压气体轴承的多目标优化设计[J].机床与液压,2014,42(15):63-67.JIA Chenhui,YANG Wei,QIU Ming.Multi-objective optimization design of spiral groove aerodynamic Bearings[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2014,42(15):63-67.
[10]朱新龙,孙军,张亮,等.气体轴承润滑研究的现状及展望[J].机械设计,2015,32(1):1-5.ZHU Xinglong,SUN Jun,ZHANG Liang,et al.Review on lubrication of gas bearing[J].Journal of Machine Design,2015,32(1):1-5.
[11]秦和平.柱型动压马达吸合效应机理分析及解决办法[C]//惯性技术发展动态发展方向研讨会.北京:中国惯性技术学会,2010:98-99.QIN Heping.Adhesion effect in gas dynamic bearing[C]//Seminar on development and application of inertial technology.Beijing:Chinese Society of Inertial Technology,2010:98-99.
[12]WANG Jingfeng,LIU Jinglin,YAN Yachao.Improved stiffness test method for gas-dynamic bearing of gyro motor[J].Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology,2016,24(2):245-250.
[13]孙丽,张俊.陀螺用H型动压气浮轴承电机启动特性[J].空间控制技术与应用,2012,38(5):53-56.SUN Li,ZHANG Jun.Starting characteristics of gyro-used“H”type hydrodynamic air bearing[J].Aerospace Control and Application,2012,38(5):53-56.
[14]王京锋,刘景林,卜石.动压气体轴承陀螺电机启停可靠性分析研究[J].微特电机,2016,44(6):17-22.WANG Jingfeng,LIU Jinglin,BU Shi.The study of the start and stop reliability of a dynamic hydrodynamic gas bearing gyroscope motor[J].Small&Special Electrical Machines,2016,44(6):17-22.
[15]LEE K S,KIM S,LEE D.Aerodynamic focusing of 5-50 nm nanoparticles in air[J].Journal of Aerosol Science,2009,40(12):1011-1018.
[16]AWASTHI R K,JAIN S C,SATISH C,et al.Finite element analysis of orifice-compensated multiple hole-entry worn hybrid journal bearing[J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,2006,42(14/15):1291-1303.