近30年来清水河上游西沟降水径流变化及原因分析
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摘要
现阶段气候变化以及剧烈的人类活动,导致降雨-径流形成机理及规律发生了变化。合理分析降雨-径流变化规律及其影响因素,是水文学以及生态环境学中重要的研究领域。以西沟流域为例,采用统计学方法,在上下游历史洪水的对比分析和年际降雨、径流变化曲线趋势分析的基础上,建立降水-径流双累积曲线以及单次降雨-径流相关图,定量分析降雨-径流的变化规律,进而分析总结出其影响因素。研究结果表明,西沟流域降雨呈年际波动变化,径流呈现逐步减少的趋势,2000年为径流突变年份,这是由于降水、地下水资源开发利用、水利工程以及其他人为活动因素共同作用影响造成的。
At the present stage,climatic change and frequent human activities have caused the change of formation mecha-nism and rules of rainfall-runoff. It is a significant research field of hydrology and ecological environment study to reason-ably analyze the changing pattern of rainfall-runoff and influential factors. This research takes Xigou Basin as an example,adopting statistical method,based on contrastive analysis of the previous bloods in upstream and downstream and of the vari-ation tendency of yearly rainfall-runoff,and creates a double mass curve of rainfall-runoff and single rainfall-runoff corre-logram. It conducts a quantitative analysis on the changing pattern of rainfall-runoff and further concludes the influentialfactors. The results indicate that the rainfall of Xigou Basin has annual fluctuation and there is a tendency of gradual de-crease in runoff. In 2000 the runoff changed suddenly,which is caused by rainfall,development of groundwater resources,hydraulic engineering and other human activities.
At the present stage,climatic change and frequent human activities have caused the change of formation mecha-nism and rules of rainfall-runoff. It is a significant research field of hydrology and ecological environment study to reason-ably analyze the changing pattern of rainfall-runoff and influential factors. This research takes Xigou Basin as an example,adopting statistical method,based on contrastive analysis of the previous bloods in upstream and downstream and of the vari-ation tendency of yearly rainfall-runoff,and creates a double mass curve of rainfall-runoff and single rainfall-runoff corre-logram. It conducts a quantitative analysis on the changing pattern of rainfall-runoff and further concludes the influentialfactors. The results indicate that the rainfall of Xigou Basin has annual fluctuation and there is a tendency of gradual de-crease in runoff. In 2000 the runoff changed suddenly,which is caused by rainfall,development of groundwater resources,hydraulic engineering and other human activities.
引文
[1]张淑兰,王彦辉,于澎涛,等.定量区分人类活动和降水量变化对泾河上游径流变化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(4):53-58.
[2]陈忠升,陈亚宁,徐长春.近50年来塔里木河干流年径流量变化趋势及预测[J].干旱区地理,2011,31(1):43-51.
[3]穆兴民,张秀勤,高鹏,等.双累积曲线方法理论及在水文气象领域应用中应注意的问题[J].水文,2010,30(4):47-51.
[4]赵云,胡彩虹,胡珊.汾河和沁河流域入黄径流锐减事实分析[J].水电能源科学,2012,30(3):31-34.
[2]陈忠升,陈亚宁,徐长春.近50年来塔里木河干流年径流量变化趋势及预测[J].干旱区地理,2011,31(1):43-51.
[3]穆兴民,张秀勤,高鹏,等.双累积曲线方法理论及在水文气象领域应用中应注意的问题[J].水文,2010,30(4):47-51.
[4]赵云,胡彩虹,胡珊.汾河和沁河流域入黄径流锐减事实分析[J].水电能源科学,2012,30(3):31-34.