初生赛加羚羊部分生物学指标的观测与分析
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摘要
2018年4月下旬至5月初对国家林业局甘肃濒危动物保护中心的61只初生赛加羚羊(Saiga tatarica)成活率、性别比例、单双羔比例、初生重等生物学数据进行了观测,并对结果进行归纳分析。赛加羚羊分娩期始于4月25日,截止于5月5日,产羔高峰期集中在4月28日至5月2日。共分娩61只羔羊,成活56只,成活率91.80%。其中,雄性羔羊占40.98%,雌性羔羊占59.02%,雌雄性别比(♀︰♂)为1.44︰1,与1︰1的性比差异不显著(χ2检验,P> 0.05);单羔比例80.33%,双羔比例19.67%,两者差异极显著(P <0.01);初生羔羊体重多数集中在2.501～3.000 kg,雄性羔羊平均初生重略高于雌性羔羊,单羔羚羊平均体重略高于双羔羚羊。单羔雄羚羊与双羔雄羚羊、单羔雌羚羊与双羔雌羚羊以及单双羔、雌雄羔羊总平均体重间的差异均不显著(P> 0.05)。
The Saiga tatarica,a member of the Bovidae,is classified as critically endangered A2 acr ver 3.1 by the IUCN.It was historically distributed in northwest of China and was extirpated in the mid-twentieth century in wild.In order to initially explore the effects of the partial biological indicators for the newborn S.tatarica,the survival ratio,sex ratio,single and double lamb ratios,weight and others were included.From the end of April to the start of May 2018,this study has conducted on-site measuring of 61 newborn S.tataricas in the Gansu Endangered Animal Protection Center which was the only artificial domesticated base of the S.tatarica in China,and has conducted an inductive analysis of the measurements.The results showed that the period of childbirth began from April 25 to May 5,2018,a total of 61 lambs were delivered during the period.The peak period of lambing production was concentrated from April 28 to May 2(Fig.1).The newborn S.tatarica survived 56,with the survival ratio of 91.80%.The newborn male lambs accounted for 40.98% of the total lambs,and the newborn female lambs accounted for 59.02% of the total lambs,and the female-male sex ratio(♀︰♂) was 1.44︰1(Table 2).The differences were not significant after χ2 test(P > 0.05).The single lamb ratio was 80.33%,the double lamb ratio was 19.67%.The differences were extremely significant between the ratio of single lamb and double lamb(P < 0.01).The average weight of newborn lambs were mainly concentrated in 2.501﹣3.000 kg,and the average newborn weight of male lambs was slightly higher than those of female lambs,the average newborn weight of single lambs was slightly higher than those of double lambs.The differences were not significant that the average newborn weight of the single lamb and the double lamb of the newborn male S.tataricas.The differences were not significant that the single lamb and the double lamb of the newborn female S.tataricas,and the differences were not significant that the total average newborn weight of the single and double lambs and the total average weight of male and female lambs(P > 0.05,Table3).Those research results provided a reference for the basic research of S.tatarica in China and provided a theoretical basis for S.tatarica population of protection.
The Saiga tatarica,a member of the Bovidae,is classified as critically endangered A2 acr ver 3.1 by the IUCN.It was historically distributed in northwest of China and was extirpated in the mid-twentieth century in wild.In order to initially explore the effects of the partial biological indicators for the newborn S.tatarica,the survival ratio,sex ratio,single and double lamb ratios,weight and others were included.From the end of April to the start of May 2018,this study has conducted on-site measuring of 61 newborn S.tataricas in the Gansu Endangered Animal Protection Center which was the only artificial domesticated base of the S.tatarica in China,and has conducted an inductive analysis of the measurements.The results showed that the period of childbirth began from April 25 to May 5,2018,a total of 61 lambs were delivered during the period.The peak period of lambing production was concentrated from April 28 to May 2(Fig.1).The newborn S.tatarica survived 56,with the survival ratio of 91.80%.The newborn male lambs accounted for 40.98% of the total lambs,and the newborn female lambs accounted for 59.02% of the total lambs,and the female-male sex ratio(♀︰♂) was 1.44︰1(Table 2).The differences were not significant after χ2 test(P > 0.05).The single lamb ratio was 80.33%,the double lamb ratio was 19.67%.The differences were extremely significant between the ratio of single lamb and double lamb(P < 0.01).The average weight of newborn lambs were mainly concentrated in 2.501﹣3.000 kg,and the average newborn weight of male lambs was slightly higher than those of female lambs,the average newborn weight of single lambs was slightly higher than those of double lambs.The differences were not significant that the average newborn weight of the single lamb and the double lamb of the newborn male S.tataricas.The differences were not significant that the single lamb and the double lamb of the newborn female S.tataricas,and the differences were not significant that the total average newborn weight of the single and double lambs and the total average weight of male and female lambs(P > 0.05,Table3).Those research results provided a reference for the basic research of S.tatarica in China and provided a theoretical basis for S.tatarica population of protection.
引文
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Kühl A,Myterud A,Grachev I A,et al.2009.Monitoring population productivity in the saiga antelope.Animal Conservation,12(4):355-363.
Rduch V,Sliwa A.2017.Breeding and life history patterns of saiga antelopes(Saiga tatarica)at Cologne Zoo,Germany.European Journal of Wildlife Research,63(6):90.
Rduch V,Zimmermann W,Vogel K H,et al.2016.Saiga antilopen(Saiga tatarica)im K?lner Zoo:tierg?rtnerische Erfahrungen und Beobachtungen.Zeitschrift des K?lner Zoos,59(3):135-149.
关超,谭峰,张春宏,等.1994.引进赛加羚羊的繁殖观察(上).中药材,17(8):8-9,54.
谭锋,关超,魏重涛,等.1994.人工驯养赛加羚羊羔的行为观察(下).中药材,17(4):8-11.
王红军.2015.半放野状态下赛加羚羊的饲养与管理探究.当代畜牧,33(12):4-7.
王红军.2017.赛加羚羊初生体重与体尺的相关性研究.畜牧与兽医,49(2):6-9.
王红军,陈岩辉,卢伟,等.2016.我国赛加羚羊种群壮大的主要影响因素.甘肃畜牧兽医,46(11):78-80.
王红军,赵之旭.2015.我国赛加羚羊可持续发展的现状与展望.当代畜牧,33(33):76-79.
王红军,赵之旭,陈岩辉,等.2017.半散放状态下赛加羚羊繁殖性能与气候因子的相关性研究.畜牧与兽医,49(7):13-16.
王润武,李兆甲.1989.进口赛加羚羊检出蓝舌病.动物检疫,6(4):22-23.
张晓璐,白素英,徐艳春.2006.赛加羚羊的分子生物学鉴别.东北林业大学学报,34(3):106-108.
赵崇学,胡德夫.2015.引入我国的赛加羚羊.人与生物圈,21(1):63-65.
Ding X,Wu J,Xiao H,et al.2017.Complete mitochondrial genome of Saiga tatarica(Ruminantia;Pecora;Bovidae)isolate Wuwei in China.Mitochondrial DNA Part B:Resources,2(2):681-682.
Kühl A,Myterud A,Grachev I A,et al.2009.Monitoring population productivity in the saiga antelope.Animal Conservation,12(4):355-363.
Rduch V,Sliwa A.2017.Breeding and life history patterns of saiga antelopes(Saiga tatarica)at Cologne Zoo,Germany.European Journal of Wildlife Research,63(6):90.
Rduch V,Zimmermann W,Vogel K H,et al.2016.Saiga antilopen(Saiga tatarica)im K?lner Zoo:tierg?rtnerische Erfahrungen und Beobachtungen.Zeitschrift des K?lner Zoos,59(3):135-149.
关超,谭峰,张春宏,等.1994.引进赛加羚羊的繁殖观察(上).中药材,17(8):8-9,54.
谭锋,关超,魏重涛,等.1994.人工驯养赛加羚羊羔的行为观察(下).中药材,17(4):8-11.
王红军.2015.半放野状态下赛加羚羊的饲养与管理探究.当代畜牧,33(12):4-7.
王红军.2017.赛加羚羊初生体重与体尺的相关性研究.畜牧与兽医,49(2):6-9.
王红军,陈岩辉,卢伟,等.2016.我国赛加羚羊种群壮大的主要影响因素.甘肃畜牧兽医,46(11):78-80.
王红军,赵之旭.2015.我国赛加羚羊可持续发展的现状与展望.当代畜牧,33(33):76-79.
王红军,赵之旭,陈岩辉,等.2017.半散放状态下赛加羚羊繁殖性能与气候因子的相关性研究.畜牧与兽医,49(7):13-16.
王润武,李兆甲.1989.进口赛加羚羊检出蓝舌病.动物检疫,6(4):22-23.
张晓璐,白素英,徐艳春.2006.赛加羚羊的分子生物学鉴别.东北林业大学学报,34(3):106-108.
赵崇学,胡德夫.2015.引入我国的赛加羚羊.人与生物圈,21(1):63-65.