复合微生态制剂对肉仔鸡生长性能、肠道菌群和免疫功能的影响
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摘要
为研究探讨肉仔鸡日粮中添加不同剂量的复合微生态制剂对肉仔鸡生长性能、肠道菌群和免疫功能的影响,以期为复合微生态制剂的临床应用提供参考依据,将150只AA白羽肉仔鸡随机分成5个处理组(对照组、抗生素组、复合微生态制剂Ⅰ组、复合微生态制剂Ⅱ组、复合微生态制剂Ⅲ组),对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组在基础日粮中添加0.05%的肉鸡饲用金霉素,复合微生态制剂Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%的复合微生态制剂,测定平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比、大肠杆菌数、沙门氏菌数、双歧杆菌数、乳酸杆菌数、胸腺指数、法氏囊指数、IgG含量、IgA含量、IgM含量等指标。结果显示,与对照组相比,复合微生态制剂Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组可显著增加平均日采食量、平均日增重、乳酸杆菌数、双歧杆菌数、胸腺指数、脾脏指数、法氏囊指数、IgA含量和IgG含量(P<0.05),显著降低料重比、大肠杆菌和沙门菌数(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,复合微生态制剂Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组可显著增加乳酸杆菌数、双歧杆菌数、胸腺指数、脾脏指数、法氏囊指数、IgA含量和IgG含量(P<0.05),显著降低料重比、大肠杆菌和沙门菌数(P<0.05)。表明肉仔鸡饲料中添加0.1%、0.2%的复合微生态制剂可显著改善提高肉仔鸡的生长性能、肠道菌群和免疫功能,其在改善肠道菌群和免疫功能方面的作用效果显著优于抗生素。
To study the effects of different doses of compound probiotics on growth performance, intestinal microflora and immune function of broilers and provide reference for clinical application of compound probiotics, 150 AA white feather broilers were used and randomly divided into five treatment groups(the control group, the antibiotic group, the compound probiotics group Ⅰ, the compound probiotics group Ⅱ, and the compound probiotics group Ⅲ). The control group was fed with basic diet, the antibiotic group with 0.05% chlortetracycline in the basic diet, and the compound probiotics groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ with 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% compound probiotics respectively in the basic diet. Then, the average daily gain, average daily intake, feed-weight ratio, number of escherichia coli, salmonella, bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, thymus index, bursal index, IgG, IgA and IgM contents in the broilers were measured. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the compound probiotics groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had a significant increase in the average daily intake, daily gain, lactobacillus count, bifidobacterium count, thymus index, spleen index, bursa index, IgA and IgG contents(P<0.05) but a significant decrease in the feed-weight ratio, and the number of escherichia coli and salmonella(P<0.05). Compared with the antibiotic group, the compound probiotics groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had a significant increase in lactobacillus,bifidobacterium,thymus index,spleen index,bursa index,IgA and IgG contents( P<0. 05),but a significant decrease in the feed-weight ratio,number of escherichia coli and salmonella( P<0. 05). The present study indicated that dietary supplementation of 0. 1% and 0. 2% compound probiotics significantly improved the growth performance,intestinal flora and immune function of broilers and that the effect of the compound probiotics on improving the intestinal microflora and immune function of broilers was significantly better than that of antibiotics.
To study the effects of different doses of compound probiotics on growth performance, intestinal microflora and immune function of broilers and provide reference for clinical application of compound probiotics, 150 AA white feather broilers were used and randomly divided into five treatment groups(the control group, the antibiotic group, the compound probiotics group Ⅰ, the compound probiotics group Ⅱ, and the compound probiotics group Ⅲ). The control group was fed with basic diet, the antibiotic group with 0.05% chlortetracycline in the basic diet, and the compound probiotics groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ with 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% compound probiotics respectively in the basic diet. Then, the average daily gain, average daily intake, feed-weight ratio, number of escherichia coli, salmonella, bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, thymus index, bursal index, IgG, IgA and IgM contents in the broilers were measured. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the compound probiotics groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had a significant increase in the average daily intake, daily gain, lactobacillus count, bifidobacterium count, thymus index, spleen index, bursa index, IgA and IgG contents(P<0.05) but a significant decrease in the feed-weight ratio, and the number of escherichia coli and salmonella(P<0.05). Compared with the antibiotic group, the compound probiotics groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had a significant increase in lactobacillus,bifidobacterium,thymus index,spleen index,bursa index,IgA and IgG contents( P<0. 05),but a significant decrease in the feed-weight ratio,number of escherichia coli and salmonella( P<0. 05). The present study indicated that dietary supplementation of 0. 1% and 0. 2% compound probiotics significantly improved the growth performance,intestinal flora and immune function of broilers and that the effect of the compound probiotics on improving the intestinal microflora and immune function of broilers was significantly better than that of antibiotics.
引文
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[2] 王丽琴,史耀东.全面禁用抗生素饲料添加剂,保证人畜安全[J].畜牧兽医科学(电子版),2017(11):19-20.
[3] 王世荣,郝玲,岳寿松.后抗生素时代微生态制剂面临的挑战[J].中国医药指南,2018,16(18):298-299.
[4] 祖立闯,李娇,李峰,等.微生态制剂在养猪生产中的研究与应用进展[J].养猪,2018(6):14-16.
[5] 孙波,陈静,刘江,等.饲料中添加黄芪多糖对肉鸡肠道菌群及免疫器官指数的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(13):86-88.
[6] 贾卿,李继红,白子金.复合微生态制剂在改善肉鸡生产性能方面的应用效果[J].辽宁农业职业技术学院学报,2014,16(1):14-15.
[7] 陈家祥,张仁义,王全溪,等.地衣芽孢杆菌对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化指标和血液生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(4):1019-1023.
[8] 刘凤美,张磊,黄彬.日粮添加益生菌对肉鸡生产性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响[J].中国饲料,2018(24):39-43.
[9] 张小凤,郭雁君,蒋惠,等.动物肠道屏障功能对肠道菌群变化的调控[J].湖北农业科学,2018,57(12):5-8+32.
[10] 陈双双,司华哲,李光玉,等.动物肠道菌群与营养物质代谢的研究进展[J].饲料工业,2018,39(2):33-36.
[11] 张日俊.动物胃肠道菌群与其免疫功能和健康的关系[J].饲料广角,2002(21):17-20,26.