安全剂AD-67对精异丙甲草胺解毒效应研究
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摘要
通过田间试验结合生物化学分析方法,研究水稻生产中安全剂AD-67对除草剂精异丙甲草胺的解毒效应,扩大精异丙甲草胺在水稻生产中的使用范围,为生产应用提供理论依据。结果表明,不同剂量精异丙甲草胺对水稻苗床期生长抑制作用明显,随浓度增加其抑制作用增强;AD-67对精异丙甲草胺具有明显解毒效果,随安全剂浓度增加解毒效果升高;AD-67对水稻幼苗SOD、POD、NR、GST活性有促进作用,随安全剂浓度增加促进作用增强。第7天时,SOD酶活增加47.95%～50.52%,POD酶活增加99.12%～102.41%,NR酶活性提高85.93%,谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)活性提高40.14%。AD-67可保护水稻免受精异丙甲草胺毒害,随安全剂剂量增加,提高移栽水稻解毒效果。精异丙甲草胺中加入30 g·hm~(-2)AD-67解毒效果最好。
In order to expand the effect of S-metolachlor on rice grow and provide the theoretical grounds for future application, the influence of safener AD-67 was systematically investigated on the herbicide S-metolachlor's protection of rice through the combination of field experiment and biochemical analysis. The results showed that the growth of rice seedbeds would be markedly suppressed with the use of S-metolachlor. Meanwhile, the higher the concentration of S-metolachlor was, the stronger the suppressing effect was going to be. AD-67 detoxified S-metolachlor: the higher the concentration of safener was, the more effective the detoxification was. Meanwhile, AD-67 acted as an accelerative activator of rice seedlings SOD, POD, NR and GST, and the concentration of AD-67 also beared a positive correlation with its acceleration effect. When it came to the 7 th day, the activity of SOD enzyme increased by 47.95%-50.52%, the activity of POD enzyme increased by 99.12%-102.41%, the activity of NR enzyme increased by 85.93%, and the activity of GST enzyme increased by 40.14%. AD-67 protected the rice from being toxicated by S-metolachlor. As the doze of safener increased, the detoxification effect of transplanting rice improved. Added 30 g· hm~(-2) of AD-67 to S-metolachlor had the best performance.
In order to expand the effect of S-metolachlor on rice grow and provide the theoretical grounds for future application, the influence of safener AD-67 was systematically investigated on the herbicide S-metolachlor's protection of rice through the combination of field experiment and biochemical analysis. The results showed that the growth of rice seedbeds would be markedly suppressed with the use of S-metolachlor. Meanwhile, the higher the concentration of S-metolachlor was, the stronger the suppressing effect was going to be. AD-67 detoxified S-metolachlor: the higher the concentration of safener was, the more effective the detoxification was. Meanwhile, AD-67 acted as an accelerative activator of rice seedlings SOD, POD, NR and GST, and the concentration of AD-67 also beared a positive correlation with its acceleration effect. When it came to the 7 th day, the activity of SOD enzyme increased by 47.95%-50.52%, the activity of POD enzyme increased by 99.12%-102.41%, the activity of NR enzyme increased by 85.93%, and the activity of GST enzyme increased by 40.14%. AD-67 protected the rice from being toxicated by S-metolachlor. As the doze of safener increased, the detoxification effect of transplanting rice improved. Added 30 g· hm~(-2) of AD-67 to S-metolachlor had the best performance.
引文
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[9]张荣全.除草剂安全剂R-28725和AD-67的合成与生物活性的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,1997.
[10]高家东,杨彩宏,冯莉,等.4种不同安全剂对菜心上异丙甲草胺的解毒作用[J].杂草科学,2014,32(3):42-45.
[11]吴仁海,孙慧慧,苏旺苍,等.高粱上精异丙甲草胺安全剂的筛选[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(9):93-96.
[12]彭亮航,柏连阳,吴景.除草剂安全剂的研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2010,37(7):108-111.
[13]赵建,刘晴,胡谢馨,等.花椒粗提物对异丙甲草胺在稻田中除草效果及安全性的影响[J].杂草科学,2014,32(2):44-47.
[14]张彬,金燕,张自常,等.解草啶浸种减轻丙草胺对水稻药害的机制[J].江苏农业学报,2014,30(6):1345-1349.
[2]刘兴林,孙涛,付声姣,等.水稻田除草剂的应用及杂草抗药性现状[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015,43(7):15-126.
[3]宋伟丰,陶波.不同除草剂对水稻旱播田杂草的防效[J].杂草科学,2015,33(1):65-66.
[4]唐新科.山椒素类物质缓解精异丙甲草胺对水稻药害的作用和机理研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2014.
[5]钱贵喜,冯成玉,陆晓峰,等.小麦田苗前化学除草试验研究[J].现代农业科技,2008(23):143-146.
[6]张金艳.噁唑烷类二氯乙酰基除草剂安全剂的合成、表征与活性研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2001.
[7]Hatzios K K,Wu J M.Herbicide safeners:Tools for improving the efficacy and selectivity of herbicides[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health,Part B,1996,31(3):545-553.
[8]Fuerst E P,Lamoureux G L,Ahrenst W H.Mode of action of the dichloroacetamide antidote BAS 145-138 in corn.I.growth responses and fate of metazachlor[J].Pestic Biochem Physiol,1991,39:138-148.
[9]张荣全.除草剂安全剂R-28725和AD-67的合成与生物活性的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,1997.
[10]高家东,杨彩宏,冯莉,等.4种不同安全剂对菜心上异丙甲草胺的解毒作用[J].杂草科学,2014,32(3):42-45.
[11]吴仁海,孙慧慧,苏旺苍,等.高粱上精异丙甲草胺安全剂的筛选[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(9):93-96.
[12]彭亮航,柏连阳,吴景.除草剂安全剂的研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2010,37(7):108-111.
[13]赵建,刘晴,胡谢馨,等.花椒粗提物对异丙甲草胺在稻田中除草效果及安全性的影响[J].杂草科学,2014,32(2):44-47.
[14]张彬,金燕,张自常,等.解草啶浸种减轻丙草胺对水稻药害的机制[J].江苏农业学报,2014,30(6):1345-1349.