长宁页岩气示范区H-x平台体积压裂技术
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摘要
长宁页岩气示范区已开展大规模体积压裂并取得了良好的应用效果,但在现场实施过程中,存在高砂比阶段施工压力高、加砂困难的现象,通过在H-x平台开展压裂技术试验,为后期体积压裂方案优化提供依据。本次施工采用分簇射孔复合桥塞联作分段压裂工艺,H-x平台采用工厂化拉链式压裂,并进行了微地震裂缝监测。通过实时微地震数据分析,指导优化现场施工工艺参数。通过高黏液体的使用、提高粉砂用量、施工中期加酸以及胶液粉陶段塞等技术手段,形成了强非均质储层条件下体积压裂技术。提高了施工工艺针对性,降低了高砂比阶段的压力波动,提高了现场加砂规模。该研究可为后期长宁页岩气强非均质性储层压裂方案优化提供参考。
In Changning shale gas demonstration area, large-scale stimulated reservoir volume(SRV) has been carried out and the application results are good, but in the process of field construction, the phenomena of high construction pressure and difficult proppant adding occur in the stage with high proppant concentration. The fracturing technology was tested at H-x platform to provide the basis for the optimization of late SRV scheme. In this project, the staged fracturing process of combined clustering perforation and composite bridge plug was adopted, the factory-like zipper type fracturing was used at H-x platform, and microseismic fracture monitoring was carried out. The real-time microseismic data was analyzed to provide the guidance for the optimization of field technological parameters. The SRV technology suitable for strong-heterogeneity reservoir conditions was formed by utilizing the highviscosity liquid, increasing the silt dosage, adding acid in the middle stage of the construction and adopting the gel and ceramics powder plug. In this way, the pertinence of construction process is improved, the pressure fluctuation in the stage with high proppant concentration is reduced and the field proppant concentration is increased. The research results provide the reference for the optimization of the late fracturing scheme of Changning strong-heterogeneity shale gas reservoirs.
In Changning shale gas demonstration area, large-scale stimulated reservoir volume(SRV) has been carried out and the application results are good, but in the process of field construction, the phenomena of high construction pressure and difficult proppant adding occur in the stage with high proppant concentration. The fracturing technology was tested at H-x platform to provide the basis for the optimization of late SRV scheme. In this project, the staged fracturing process of combined clustering perforation and composite bridge plug was adopted, the factory-like zipper type fracturing was used at H-x platform, and microseismic fracture monitoring was carried out. The real-time microseismic data was analyzed to provide the guidance for the optimization of field technological parameters. The SRV technology suitable for strong-heterogeneity reservoir conditions was formed by utilizing the highviscosity liquid, increasing the silt dosage, adding acid in the middle stage of the construction and adopting the gel and ceramics powder plug. In this way, the pertinence of construction process is improved, the pressure fluctuation in the stage with high proppant concentration is reduced and the field proppant concentration is increased. The research results provide the reference for the optimization of the late fracturing scheme of Changning strong-heterogeneity shale gas reservoirs.
引文
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[12]曾义金,陈作,卞晓冰.川东南深层页岩气分段压裂技术的突破与认识[J].天然气工业,2016,36(1):61-67.ZENG Yijin,CHEN Zuo,Bian Xiaobing.Breakthrough in staged fracturing technology for deep shale gas reservoirs in SE Sichuan Basin and its implications[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(1):61-67.
[13]翁定为,雷群,胥云,等.缝网压裂技术及其现场应用[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):280-284.WENG Dingwei,LEI Qun,XU Yun,et al.Network fracturing techniques and its application in the field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(2):280-284.
[14]郭建春,周鑫浩,邓燕.页岩气水平井组拉链压裂过程中地应力的分布规律[J].天然气工业,2015,35(7):44-48.GUO Jianchun,ZHOU Xinhao,Deng Yan.Distribution rules of earth stress during zipper fracturing of shale gas horizontal cluster wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(7):44-48.
[15]孟凡坤,苏玉亮,鲁明晶,等.长6特低渗透油藏重复压裂复杂缝网参数优化[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(4):87-91.MENG Fankun,SU Yuliang,LU Mingjing,et al.Parameters optimization of complex fracture network under repeated fracturing for Chang6 ultra-low-permeability oil reservoir[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2015,37(4):87-91.
[2]刘振武,撒利明,杨晓,等.页岩气勘探开发对地球物理技术的需求[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(5):810-818.LIU Zhenwu,SA Liming,YANG Xiao,et al.Needs of geophysical technologies for shale gas exploration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(5):810-818.
[3]李志荣,邓小江,杨晓,等.四川盆地南部页岩气地震勘探新进展[J].天然气工业,2011,31(4):40-43.LI Zhirong,DENG Xiaojiang,YANG Xiao,et al.New progress in seismic exploration of shale gas reservoirs in the southern Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(4):40-43.
[4]钱斌,张俊成,朱炬辉,等.四川盆地长宁地区页岩气水平井组“拉链式”压裂实践[J].天然气工业,2015,35(1):81-84.QIAN Bin,ZHANG Juncheng,ZHU Juhui,et al.Application of zipper fracturing of horizontal cluster wells in the Changning shale gas pilot zone,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(1):81-84.
[5]钱斌,朱炬辉,李建忠,等.连续油管喷砂射孔套管分段压裂新技术的现场应用[J].天然气工业,2011,31(5):67-69.QIAN Bin,ZHU Juhui,LI Jianzhong,et al.Field application of abrasive jet multi-Stage fracturing with coiled tubing annular frac BHA[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(5):67-69.
[6]任勇,钱斌,张剑,等.长宁地区龙马溪组页岩气工厂化压裂实践与认识[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(4):96-99.REN Yong,QIAN Bin,ZHANG Jian,et al.Practice and understanding of industrial fracturing for shale gas of Longmaxi formation in Changning region[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2015,37(4):96-99.
[7]赵博雄,王忠仁,刘瑞,等.国内外微地震监测技术综述[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(4):1882-1888.ZHAO Boxiong,WANG Zhongren,LIU Rui,et al.Review of Microseismic monitoring technology research[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(4):1882-1888.
[8]孙可明,张树翠,辛利伟.页岩气储层层理方向对水力压裂裂纹扩展的影响[J].天然气工业,2016,36(2):45-51.SUN Keming,ZHANG Shucui,XIN Liwei,et al.Impacts of bedding directions of shale gas reservoirs on hydraulically induced crack propagation[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(2):45-51.
[9]王万迅,叶连池,王立治,等.裸孔长水平井苏75-70-6H连续压裂微地震监测[J].中国工程科学,2012,14(4):4-7.WANG Wanxun,YE Lianchi,WANG Lizhi,et al.Microseismic fracturing mapping and fracturing of openhole long horizontal Well Su 75-70-6H[J].Engineering Science,2012,14(4):4-7.
[10]吕世超,郭晓中,贾立坤.水力压裂井中微地震监测资料处理与解释[J].油气藏评价与开发,2013,3(6):37-42.LYU Shichao,GUO Xiaozhong,JIA Likun.Microseismic monitoring data processing and interpretation of horizontal fracturing wells[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2013,3(6):37-42.
[11]周德华,焦方正,贾长贵,等.JY1HF页岩气水平井大型分段压裂技术[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(1):75-80.ZHOU Dehua,JIAO Fangzheng,JIA Changgui,et al.Large-scale multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technology for shale gas horizontal well JY1HF[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,42(1):75-80.
[12]曾义金,陈作,卞晓冰.川东南深层页岩气分段压裂技术的突破与认识[J].天然气工业,2016,36(1):61-67.ZENG Yijin,CHEN Zuo,Bian Xiaobing.Breakthrough in staged fracturing technology for deep shale gas reservoirs in SE Sichuan Basin and its implications[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(1):61-67.
[13]翁定为,雷群,胥云,等.缝网压裂技术及其现场应用[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):280-284.WENG Dingwei,LEI Qun,XU Yun,et al.Network fracturing techniques and its application in the field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(2):280-284.
[14]郭建春,周鑫浩,邓燕.页岩气水平井组拉链压裂过程中地应力的分布规律[J].天然气工业,2015,35(7):44-48.GUO Jianchun,ZHOU Xinhao,Deng Yan.Distribution rules of earth stress during zipper fracturing of shale gas horizontal cluster wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(7):44-48.
[15]孟凡坤,苏玉亮,鲁明晶,等.长6特低渗透油藏重复压裂复杂缝网参数优化[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(4):87-91.MENG Fankun,SU Yuliang,LU Mingjing,et al.Parameters optimization of complex fracture network under repeated fracturing for Chang6 ultra-low-permeability oil reservoir[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2015,37(4):87-91.