基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪生成矢量涡旋光束
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摘要
提出了一种基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)产生高阶庞加莱球上任意矢量涡旋光束的方法。利用半波片和偏振分光棱镜组合调节支路光束振幅,搭配常用的两个半波片组调节合成光束的相位,进而生成并变换矢量涡旋光束,优化了传统的实验光路,降低了光束能量损耗,利用1/4波片实现不同高阶庞加莱球上矢量涡旋光束的变换。与现有的基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪矢量光束生成方法比较,该光路结构简单,光束转换效率提高。在理论上,通过琼斯矩阵计算,在拓扑荷数为m=±1高阶庞加莱球上得到了各矢量涡旋光束的偏振态。根据该方法搭建了一套矢量涡旋光束产生的实验光路,实验结果与理论分析一致,证明了这种方法的实用性。
A method based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)to generate arbitrary vectorial vortex beams in a higher-order Poincare sphere is proposed.The combination of half-wave plate and polarization beam splitter prism is used to adjust the amplitude of branch beam,and the two common half-wave plates are used to adjust the phase of the composite beam in order to generate and transform the vector vortex beam.The traditional experimental optical path is optimized,the energy loss of the beam is reduced,and the transformation of the vector vortex beam on the different high-order Poincare spheres is realized by the quarter-wave plate.Compared with the existing MachZehnder interferometer-based vector beam generation method,the optical path structure is simple and the beam conversion efficiency is improved.Theoretically,the polarization state of each vector vortex beam on Poincare sphere with topological charge m = ±1 is obtained by Jones matrix calculation.According to this method,a set of experimental light path of vector vortex beam is set up.The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis,which proves the practicability of this method.
A method based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)to generate arbitrary vectorial vortex beams in a higher-order Poincare sphere is proposed.The combination of half-wave plate and polarization beam splitter prism is used to adjust the amplitude of branch beam,and the two common half-wave plates are used to adjust the phase of the composite beam in order to generate and transform the vector vortex beam.The traditional experimental optical path is optimized,the energy loss of the beam is reduced,and the transformation of the vector vortex beam on the different high-order Poincare spheres is realized by the quarter-wave plate.Compared with the existing MachZehnder interferometer-based vector beam generation method,the optical path structure is simple and the beam conversion efficiency is improved.Theoretically,the polarization state of each vector vortex beam on Poincare sphere with topological charge m = ±1 is obtained by Jones matrix calculation.According to this method,a set of experimental light path of vector vortex beam is set up.The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis,which proves the practicability of this method.
引文
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[14]Zhan Q W.Cylindrical vector beams:From mathematical concepts to applications[J].Advances in Optics and Photonics,2009,1(1):1-57.
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[16]Chen S Z,Zhou X X,Liu Y C,et al.Generation of arbitrary cylindrical vector beams on the higher order Poincarésphere[J].Optics Letters,2014,39(18):5274-5276.
[17]Xin J T,Li K,Zhang W,et al.Generation of vector beams by Sagnac interferometer and spiral phase plates[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2017,46(2):0217001.辛璟焘,李凯,张雯,等.采用萨格纳克干涉仪与螺旋相位片生成矢量光束[J].红外与激光工程,2017,46(2):0217001.
[18]Wang T L,Fu S Y,Zhang S K,et al.A Sagnac-like interferometer for the generation of vector beams[J].Applied Physics B,2016,122(9):231.
[19]Ling X H,Zhou X X,Yi X N.Geometric spin hall effect of light with inhomogeneous polarization[J].Optics Communications,2017,383:412-417.
[20]Ou J,Jiang Y S,He Y T.Intensity and polarization properties of elliptically polarized vortex beams in turbulent atmosphere[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2015,67:1-7.
[21]Jiang Y S,Zhang X G,Ou J,et al.Poincarésphere representation for vector vortex Bessel-Gauss beams[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2013,33(12):1226001.江月松,张新岗,欧军,等.矢量涡旋贝塞尔高斯光束的庞加莱球表示法[J].光学学报,2013,33(12):1226001.
[22]Zhou Z H,Zhu L Q.Measurement method of polarization state of vector beams based on Stokes parameters[J].Laser and Infrared,2016,46(6):742-746.周哲海,祝连庆.基于Stokes参量法测量矢量光束偏振态的方法[J].激光与红外,2016,46(6):742-746.
[23]Naidoo D,Roux F S,Dudley A,et al.Controlled generation of higher-order Poincarésphere beams from a laser[J].Nature Photonics,2016,10:327-332.
[2]Huang Y,Ye H A,Gao L X,et al.New method of generating vectorial polarized beams[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2012,39(4):0402004.黄妍,叶红安,高来勖,等.矢量偏振光束产生新方法[J].中国激光,2012,39(4):0402004.
[3]Yi X N,Li Y,Liu Y C,et al.Generation of cylindrical vector beams based on Metasurface[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2014,63(9):094203.易煦农,李瑛,刘亚超,等.基于Metasurface的柱矢量光束的产生[J].物理学报,2014,63(9):094203.
[4]Lu F,Zheng W,Huang Z W.Coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering microscopy using tightly focused radially polarized light[J].Optics Letters,2009,34(12):1870-1872.
[5]Chiou P Y,Ohta A T,Wu M C.Massively parallel manipulation of single cells and microparticles using optical images[J].Nature,2005,436(7049):370-372.
[6]Zheng X,Yang Y F,He Y,et al.Tight focusing of double-ring-shaped Bessel-Gaussian radially polarized beam through a dielectric interface[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2016,36(4):0426001.郑晓,杨艳芳,何英,等.双环贝塞尔-高斯径向偏振光束经介质分界面的强聚焦[J].光学学报,2016,36(4):0426001.
[7]Kawauchi H,Yonezawa K,Kozawa Y,et al.Calculation of optical trapping forces on a dielectric sphere in the ray optics regime produced by a radially polarized laser beam[J].Optics Letters,2007,32(13):1839-1841.
[8]Niziev V G,Nesterov A V.Influence of beam polarization on laser cutting efficiency[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,1999,32(13):1455-1461.
[9]Qiao H Z,Wang F,Zhang N,et al.Femtosecond laser fabrication of two-dimensional periodic composite structures on tungsten surface[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2017,44(1):0102010.乔红贞,王飞,张楠,等.飞秒激光在钨表面制备二维周期复合结构的研究[J].中国激光,2017,44(1):0102010.
[10]Barreiro J T,Wei T C,Kwiat P G.Remote preparation of single-photon"hybrid"entangled and vector-polarization states[J].Physical Review Letters,2010,105(3):030407.
[11]Cheng W,Haus J W,Zhan Q W.Propagation of vector vortex beams through a turbulent atmosphere[J].Optics Express,2009,17(20):17829-17836.
[12]Liu S,Li P,Zhang Y,et al.Transmission and control of polarization modulation light filed in free space[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2016,36(10):1026001.刘圣,李鹏,章毅,等.自由空间中偏振调制光场的传输及控制[J].光学学报,2016,36(10):1026001.
[13]Liu T,Tan J B,Liu J.Tighter focusing of amplitude modulated radially polarized vector beams in ultrahigh numerical aperture lens systems[J].Optics Communications,2013,294(5):21-23.
[14]Zhan Q W.Cylindrical vector beams:From mathematical concepts to applications[J].Advances in Optics and Photonics,2009,1(1):1-57.
[15]Jia X T.Study on properties of cylindrically polarized vector beams[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2011:7-8.贾信庭.轴对称偏振光束特性的研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2011:7-8.
[16]Chen S Z,Zhou X X,Liu Y C,et al.Generation of arbitrary cylindrical vector beams on the higher order Poincarésphere[J].Optics Letters,2014,39(18):5274-5276.
[17]Xin J T,Li K,Zhang W,et al.Generation of vector beams by Sagnac interferometer and spiral phase plates[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2017,46(2):0217001.辛璟焘,李凯,张雯,等.采用萨格纳克干涉仪与螺旋相位片生成矢量光束[J].红外与激光工程,2017,46(2):0217001.
[18]Wang T L,Fu S Y,Zhang S K,et al.A Sagnac-like interferometer for the generation of vector beams[J].Applied Physics B,2016,122(9):231.
[19]Ling X H,Zhou X X,Yi X N.Geometric spin hall effect of light with inhomogeneous polarization[J].Optics Communications,2017,383:412-417.
[20]Ou J,Jiang Y S,He Y T.Intensity and polarization properties of elliptically polarized vortex beams in turbulent atmosphere[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2015,67:1-7.
[21]Jiang Y S,Zhang X G,Ou J,et al.Poincarésphere representation for vector vortex Bessel-Gauss beams[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2013,33(12):1226001.江月松,张新岗,欧军,等.矢量涡旋贝塞尔高斯光束的庞加莱球表示法[J].光学学报,2013,33(12):1226001.
[22]Zhou Z H,Zhu L Q.Measurement method of polarization state of vector beams based on Stokes parameters[J].Laser and Infrared,2016,46(6):742-746.周哲海,祝连庆.基于Stokes参量法测量矢量光束偏振态的方法[J].激光与红外,2016,46(6):742-746.
[23]Naidoo D,Roux F S,Dudley A,et al.Controlled generation of higher-order Poincarésphere beams from a laser[J].Nature Photonics,2016,10:327-332.