模拟酸雨对福州平原水稻田土壤化学结合态有机碳含量的影响
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摘要
为阐明酸雨对水稻田土壤化学结合态有机碳含量的影响,以福州平原水稻田为研究对象,在早稻和晚稻生长期中,设置对照(CK)、模拟pH=2.5、pH=3.5、pH=4.5酸雨处理,对酸雨影响下福州平原水稻田土壤化学结合态有机碳含量进行了测定与分析.结果表明,酸雨作用下早、晚稻土壤有机碳(SOC)含量介于13.40～20.17 g·kg~(-1),与土壤全氮(TN)含量显著正相关(p<0.01);各处理下早稻田SOC含量均低于晚稻田,且早稻田土壤各处理间SOC含量差异不显著(p>0.05),其中,晚稻CK、pH=2.5和pH=3.5处理的SOC含量与早稻差异显著(p<0.05),酸雨处理均高于CK(p<0.05).早、晚稻土壤Ca-SOC含量介于0.31～0.42 g·kg~(-1),早稻期间pH=2.5处理中Ca-SOC含量与其他处理差异明显(p<0.05).早、晚稻土壤Fe(Al)-SOC含量介于2.90～4.64 g·kg~(-1),早稻各处理间差异不显著(p>0.05),而晚稻各处理间差异显著(p<0.05).相比之下,晚稻残渣态-SOC含量显著高于早稻(p<0.05),酸雨处理显著高于CK(p<0.05),且pH=2.5处理含量最高,均值为(15.21±0.37) g·kg~(-1),而早稻各处理残渣态-SOC含量差异不显著(p>0.05).此外,早、晚稻SOC与Fe(Al)-SOC、残渣态-SOC之间均具有显著正相关关系(p<0.01),早稻残渣态-SOC、晚稻Fe(Al)-SOC与土壤TN显著正相关(p<0.01).综上所述,酸雨通过提高晚稻SOC和Fe(Al)-SOC含量,进而增强土壤碳库稳定性,促进有机碳的积累.
In order to elucidate the effect of acid rain on the chemically bounded soil organic carbon content in paddy, different simulated acid rain treatments(CK, simulated pH=2.5, pH=3.5 and pH=4.5) were performed in the paddy of Fuzhou plain, and the effect of simulated acid rain on chemically bonded soil organic carbon content was determined in the growth stages of early rice and late rice. The results showed that the SOC content of early and late paddy under acid rain was between 13.40 and 20.17 g·kg~(-1), which was significantly and positively correlated with soil TN(p<0.01). The SOC content of early paddyunder all treatments was lower than that of the late paddy, and there was no significant difference in SOC content among treatments in early paddy(p>0.05). The CK, pH=2.5 and pH=3.5 treatments in late paddy were significantly different from those of the early paddy(p<0.05), and acid rain treatment was significantly higher than that of the CK(p<0.05). The Ca-SOC content in early and late paddy was ranged from 0.31 to 0.42 g·kg~(-1). The Ca-SOC content in early paddy during pH=2.5 treatment was significantly different from those of other treatments(p<0.05). The contents of Fe(Al)-SOC in early and late paddy was ranged from 2.90 to 4.64 g·kg~(-1). There was no significant difference among treatments in early paddy(p>0.05), and the averaged values of the treatments were significantly difference among treatments in late paddy(p<0.05). In contrast, the residue-state SOC content of late paddy was significantly higher than that of early paddy(p<0.05), and acid rain treatment was significantly higher than that of CK(p<0.05), and was highest in pH=2.5, with a mean value of(15.21±0.37) g·kg~(-1), while the residue status of early paddy processing-SOC were not significant differences(p>0.05). In addition, there was significantly positively correlation between soil SOC and Fe(Al)-SOC/residual-state SOC in early and late paddy(p<0.01). Residual residue-SOC in early paddy and Fe(Al)-SOC in late paddy were significantly and positively correlated with soil TN(p<0.01). In summary, soil SOC and Fe(Al)-SOC content was increased by acid rain in late paddy, thereby the stability of soil carbon pools was improved and accelerated the accumulation of organic carbon.
In order to elucidate the effect of acid rain on the chemically bounded soil organic carbon content in paddy, different simulated acid rain treatments(CK, simulated pH=2.5, pH=3.5 and pH=4.5) were performed in the paddy of Fuzhou plain, and the effect of simulated acid rain on chemically bonded soil organic carbon content was determined in the growth stages of early rice and late rice. The results showed that the SOC content of early and late paddy under acid rain was between 13.40 and 20.17 g·kg~(-1), which was significantly and positively correlated with soil TN(p<0.01). The SOC content of early paddyunder all treatments was lower than that of the late paddy, and there was no significant difference in SOC content among treatments in early paddy(p>0.05). The CK, pH=2.5 and pH=3.5 treatments in late paddy were significantly different from those of the early paddy(p<0.05), and acid rain treatment was significantly higher than that of the CK(p<0.05). The Ca-SOC content in early and late paddy was ranged from 0.31 to 0.42 g·kg~(-1). The Ca-SOC content in early paddy during pH=2.5 treatment was significantly different from those of other treatments(p<0.05). The contents of Fe(Al)-SOC in early and late paddy was ranged from 2.90 to 4.64 g·kg~(-1). There was no significant difference among treatments in early paddy(p>0.05), and the averaged values of the treatments were significantly difference among treatments in late paddy(p<0.05). In contrast, the residue-state SOC content of late paddy was significantly higher than that of early paddy(p<0.05), and acid rain treatment was significantly higher than that of CK(p<0.05), and was highest in pH=2.5, with a mean value of(15.21±0.37) g·kg~(-1), while the residue status of early paddy processing-SOC were not significant differences(p>0.05). In addition, there was significantly positively correlation between soil SOC and Fe(Al)-SOC/residual-state SOC in early and late paddy(p<0.01). Residual residue-SOC in early paddy and Fe(Al)-SOC in late paddy were significantly and positively correlated with soil TN(p<0.01). In summary, soil SOC and Fe(Al)-SOC content was increased by acid rain in late paddy, thereby the stability of soil carbon pools was improved and accelerated the accumulation of organic carbon.
引文
安婉丽,曾从盛,王维奇.2017.模拟酸雨对福州平原水稻田温室气体排放的影响[J].环境科学学报,37(10):3984-3994
Bortoluzzi E C,Pérez C A S,Ardisson J D,et al.2016.Occurrence of iron and aluminum sesquioxides and their implications for the P sorption in subtropical soils[J].Applied Clay Science,104:196-204
陈彬彬,王宏,郑秋萍,等.2016.福建省区域酸雨特征及成因分析[J].气象与环境学报,32(4):70-76
Chigineva N I,Aleksandrova A V,Marhan S E,et al.2011.The importance of mycelial connection at the soil-litter interface for nutrient translocation,enzyme activity and litter decomposition[J].Applied Soil Ecology,51:35-41
Dai Z,Liu X,Wu J,et al.2013.Impacts of simulated acid rain on recalcitrance of two different soils[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,20(6):4216-4224
Frey S D,Ollinger S,Nadelhoffer K,et al.2014.Chronic nitrogen additions suppress decomposition and sequester soil carbon in temperate forests[J].Biogeochemistry,121(2):305-316
Gérard F.2016.Clay minerals,iron/aluminum oxides,and their contribution to phosphate sorption in soils — A myth revisited[J].Geoderma,262:213-226
Guo J H,Liu X J,Zhang Y,et al.2010.Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands[J].Science,327(5968):1008-1010
郭腾飞,梁国庆,周卫,等.2016.施肥对稻田温室气体排放及土壤养分的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,22(2):337-345
黄锦学,熊德成,刘小飞,等.2017.增温对土壤有机碳矿化的影响研究综述[J].生态学报,37(1):12-24
Jastrow J D,Amonette J E,Bailey V L.2007.Mechanisms controlling soil carbon turnover and their potential application for enhancing carbon sequestration[J].Climatic Change,80(1/2):5-23
Jien S H,Wang C S.2013.Effects of biochar on soil properties and erosion potential in a highly weathered soil[J].Catena,110(110):225-233
Kanda T,Tamura K,Asano M,et al.2016.The 13C and 15N natural abundances to characterize soil organic matter associated with clay minerals in Eurasian steppe soils[J].Journal of Arid Land Studies,25(3):153-156
雷敏,周萍,黄道友,等.2012.长期施肥对水稻土有机碳分布及化学结合形态的影响[J].生态学杂志,31(4):967-974
Liang G,Hui D,Wu X,et al.2016.Effects of simulated acid rain on soil respiration and its components in a subtropical mixed conifer and broadleaf forest in southern China[J].Environmental Science:Processes & Impacts,18(2):246-255
廖雪菊,刘甜,韦宜慧,等.2016.模拟酸雨对桉树人工林土壤养分流失的影响[J].广西林业科学,45(4):397-403
Liu J,Zhou G,Zhang D.2007.Effects of acidic solutions on element dynamics in the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest at Dinghushan,China[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research-International,14(3):215-218
Liu K H,Fang Y T,Yu F M,et al.2010.Soil acidification in response to acid deposition in three subtropical forests of subtropical China[J].Pedosphere,20(3):399-408
鲁如坤.2000.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社
孟红旗,徐明岗,吕家珑,等.2013.用二次曲线拟合表征土壤酸中和能力的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,32(1):29-35
牟晓杰,刘兴土,仝川,等.2013.人为干扰对闽江河口湿地土壤硝化-反硝化潜力的影响[J].中国环境科学,33(8):1413-1419
Osher L J,Matson P A,Amundson R.2003.Effect of land use change on soil carbon in Hawaii[J]. Biogeochemistry,65(2):213-232
Ouyang X J,Zhou G Y,Huang Z L,et al.2008.Effect of simulated acid rain on potential carbon and nitrogen mineralization in forest soils 1[J].Pedosphere,18(4):503-514
彭新华,张斌,赵其国.2004.土壤有机碳库与土壤结构稳定性关系的研究进展[J].土壤学报,41(4):618-623
Qiu Q,Wu J,Liang G,et al.2015.Effects of simulated acid rain on soil and soil solution chemistry in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in southern China[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,187(5):1-13
Sanderman J,Baisden W T,Fallon S.2016.Redefining the inert organic carbon pool[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,92:149-152
Shen,W,Lin X,Shi W,et al.2010.Higher rates of nitrogen fertilization decrease soil enzyme activities,microbial functional diversity and nitrification capacity in a Chinese polytunnel greenhouse vegetable land [J].Plant and Soil,337:137-150
孙永健,孙园园,蒋明金,等.2016.施肥水平对不同氮效率水稻氮素利用特征及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,49(24):4745-4756
唐偲頔,郭剑芬,张政,等.2017.增温和隔离降雨对杉木幼林土壤养分和微生物生物量的影响[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,12(1):40-45
邰继承,靳振江,崔立强,等.2011.不同土地利用下湖北江汉平原湿地起源土壤有机碳组分的变化[J].水土保持学报,25(6):124-128
Wang J,Wu J,Li R,et al.2004.Research development and some problems discuss on acid rain in China[J].Advances in Water Science,15(4):526-530
Wang W,Zeng C,Sardans J,et al.2016.Amendment with industrial and agricultural wastes reduces surface-water nutrient loss and storage of dissolved greenhouse gases in a subtropical paddy field[J].Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,231:296-303
王小利,郭振,段建军,等.2017.黄壤性水稻土有机碳及其组分对长期施肥的响应及其演变[J].中国农业科学,50(23):4593-4601
Wu J,Liang G,Hui D,et al.2016.Prolonged acid rain facilitates soil organic carbon accumulation in a mature forest in Southern China[J].Science of the Total Environment,544(1):94-102
吴建平,陈小梅,褚国伟,等.2015.南亚热带森林土壤有机碳组分对模拟酸雨的早期响应[J].广西植物,35(1):61-68
Xie Z,Du Y,Zeng Y,et al.2009.Effects of precipitation variation on severe acid rain in southern China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,19(4):489-501
Xu G,Cheng Y,Li P,et al.2015.Effects of natural rainfall on soil and nutrient erosion on sloping cropland in a small watershed of the Dan River,China[J].Quaternary International,380-381:327-333
Xu J M,Yuan K N.1993.Dissolution and fractionation of calcium-bound and iron-and aluminum-bound humus in soils[J].Pedosphere,3(1):75-80
吴建平,梁国华,熊鑫,等.2015.鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林土壤微生物量碳和有机碳对模拟酸雨的响应[J].生态学报,35(20):6686-6693
张俊平,张新明,王长委,等.2007.模拟酸雨对果园土壤交换性阳离子迁移及其对土壤酸化的影响[J].水土保持学报,21(1):14-17
张新明,张俊平,刘素萍,等.2007.模拟酸雨对荔枝果园土壤磷素等温吸附与解吸特性的影响[J].土壤通报,38(5):938-941
Zhou P,Song G,Pan G,et al.2009.Role of chemical protection by binding to oxyhydrates in SOC sequestration in three typical paddy soils under long-term agro-ecosystem experiments from South China[J].Geoderma,153(1):52-60
周萍,宋国菡,潘根兴,等.2009.三种南方典型水稻土长期试验下有机碳积累机制研究Ⅱ.团聚体内有机碳的化学结合机制[J].土壤学报,46(2):263-273
Bortoluzzi E C,Pérez C A S,Ardisson J D,et al.2016.Occurrence of iron and aluminum sesquioxides and their implications for the P sorption in subtropical soils[J].Applied Clay Science,104:196-204
陈彬彬,王宏,郑秋萍,等.2016.福建省区域酸雨特征及成因分析[J].气象与环境学报,32(4):70-76
Chigineva N I,Aleksandrova A V,Marhan S E,et al.2011.The importance of mycelial connection at the soil-litter interface for nutrient translocation,enzyme activity and litter decomposition[J].Applied Soil Ecology,51:35-41
Dai Z,Liu X,Wu J,et al.2013.Impacts of simulated acid rain on recalcitrance of two different soils[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,20(6):4216-4224
Frey S D,Ollinger S,Nadelhoffer K,et al.2014.Chronic nitrogen additions suppress decomposition and sequester soil carbon in temperate forests[J].Biogeochemistry,121(2):305-316
Gérard F.2016.Clay minerals,iron/aluminum oxides,and their contribution to phosphate sorption in soils — A myth revisited[J].Geoderma,262:213-226
Guo J H,Liu X J,Zhang Y,et al.2010.Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands[J].Science,327(5968):1008-1010
郭腾飞,梁国庆,周卫,等.2016.施肥对稻田温室气体排放及土壤养分的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,22(2):337-345
黄锦学,熊德成,刘小飞,等.2017.增温对土壤有机碳矿化的影响研究综述[J].生态学报,37(1):12-24
Jastrow J D,Amonette J E,Bailey V L.2007.Mechanisms controlling soil carbon turnover and their potential application for enhancing carbon sequestration[J].Climatic Change,80(1/2):5-23
Jien S H,Wang C S.2013.Effects of biochar on soil properties and erosion potential in a highly weathered soil[J].Catena,110(110):225-233
Kanda T,Tamura K,Asano M,et al.2016.The 13C and 15N natural abundances to characterize soil organic matter associated with clay minerals in Eurasian steppe soils[J].Journal of Arid Land Studies,25(3):153-156
雷敏,周萍,黄道友,等.2012.长期施肥对水稻土有机碳分布及化学结合形态的影响[J].生态学杂志,31(4):967-974
Liang G,Hui D,Wu X,et al.2016.Effects of simulated acid rain on soil respiration and its components in a subtropical mixed conifer and broadleaf forest in southern China[J].Environmental Science:Processes & Impacts,18(2):246-255
廖雪菊,刘甜,韦宜慧,等.2016.模拟酸雨对桉树人工林土壤养分流失的影响[J].广西林业科学,45(4):397-403
Liu J,Zhou G,Zhang D.2007.Effects of acidic solutions on element dynamics in the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest at Dinghushan,China[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research-International,14(3):215-218
Liu K H,Fang Y T,Yu F M,et al.2010.Soil acidification in response to acid deposition in three subtropical forests of subtropical China[J].Pedosphere,20(3):399-408
鲁如坤.2000.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社
孟红旗,徐明岗,吕家珑,等.2013.用二次曲线拟合表征土壤酸中和能力的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,32(1):29-35
牟晓杰,刘兴土,仝川,等.2013.人为干扰对闽江河口湿地土壤硝化-反硝化潜力的影响[J].中国环境科学,33(8):1413-1419
Osher L J,Matson P A,Amundson R.2003.Effect of land use change on soil carbon in Hawaii[J]. Biogeochemistry,65(2):213-232
Ouyang X J,Zhou G Y,Huang Z L,et al.2008.Effect of simulated acid rain on potential carbon and nitrogen mineralization in forest soils 1[J].Pedosphere,18(4):503-514
彭新华,张斌,赵其国.2004.土壤有机碳库与土壤结构稳定性关系的研究进展[J].土壤学报,41(4):618-623
Qiu Q,Wu J,Liang G,et al.2015.Effects of simulated acid rain on soil and soil solution chemistry in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in southern China[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,187(5):1-13
Sanderman J,Baisden W T,Fallon S.2016.Redefining the inert organic carbon pool[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,92:149-152
Shen,W,Lin X,Shi W,et al.2010.Higher rates of nitrogen fertilization decrease soil enzyme activities,microbial functional diversity and nitrification capacity in a Chinese polytunnel greenhouse vegetable land [J].Plant and Soil,337:137-150
孙永健,孙园园,蒋明金,等.2016.施肥水平对不同氮效率水稻氮素利用特征及产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,49(24):4745-4756
唐偲頔,郭剑芬,张政,等.2017.增温和隔离降雨对杉木幼林土壤养分和微生物生物量的影响[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,12(1):40-45
邰继承,靳振江,崔立强,等.2011.不同土地利用下湖北江汉平原湿地起源土壤有机碳组分的变化[J].水土保持学报,25(6):124-128
Wang J,Wu J,Li R,et al.2004.Research development and some problems discuss on acid rain in China[J].Advances in Water Science,15(4):526-530
Wang W,Zeng C,Sardans J,et al.2016.Amendment with industrial and agricultural wastes reduces surface-water nutrient loss and storage of dissolved greenhouse gases in a subtropical paddy field[J].Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,231:296-303
王小利,郭振,段建军,等.2017.黄壤性水稻土有机碳及其组分对长期施肥的响应及其演变[J].中国农业科学,50(23):4593-4601
Wu J,Liang G,Hui D,et al.2016.Prolonged acid rain facilitates soil organic carbon accumulation in a mature forest in Southern China[J].Science of the Total Environment,544(1):94-102
吴建平,陈小梅,褚国伟,等.2015.南亚热带森林土壤有机碳组分对模拟酸雨的早期响应[J].广西植物,35(1):61-68
Xie Z,Du Y,Zeng Y,et al.2009.Effects of precipitation variation on severe acid rain in southern China[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,19(4):489-501
Xu G,Cheng Y,Li P,et al.2015.Effects of natural rainfall on soil and nutrient erosion on sloping cropland in a small watershed of the Dan River,China[J].Quaternary International,380-381:327-333
Xu J M,Yuan K N.1993.Dissolution and fractionation of calcium-bound and iron-and aluminum-bound humus in soils[J].Pedosphere,3(1):75-80
吴建平,梁国华,熊鑫,等.2015.鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林土壤微生物量碳和有机碳对模拟酸雨的响应[J].生态学报,35(20):6686-6693
张俊平,张新明,王长委,等.2007.模拟酸雨对果园土壤交换性阳离子迁移及其对土壤酸化的影响[J].水土保持学报,21(1):14-17
张新明,张俊平,刘素萍,等.2007.模拟酸雨对荔枝果园土壤磷素等温吸附与解吸特性的影响[J].土壤通报,38(5):938-941
Zhou P,Song G,Pan G,et al.2009.Role of chemical protection by binding to oxyhydrates in SOC sequestration in three typical paddy soils under long-term agro-ecosystem experiments from South China[J].Geoderma,153(1):52-60
周萍,宋国菡,潘根兴,等.2009.三种南方典型水稻土长期试验下有机碳积累机制研究Ⅱ.团聚体内有机碳的化学结合机制[J].土壤学报,46(2):263-273