性质相近的弹性纺织纤维的鉴别方法比较
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摘要
通过使用常规纺织纤维鉴别方法,鉴别氨纶纤维、锦纶纤维、腈纶弹性纺织纤维.燃烧法、红外光谱法(ATR技术)仅能鉴别出氨纶弹性纤维,而纺织样品经过燃烧后采用扫描电镜(SEM)技术可鉴别三种性质相近的纺织弹性纤维.试验表明:各纺织弹性纤维在400℃以下充分燃烧1 h后,氨纶弹性纤维微观形貌仍能保持纤维状结构,锦纶弹性纤维呈大块状,腈纶弹性纺织纤维呈大颗粒状.燃烧温度升高至500℃,仍能通过SEM图像区分三类纺织纤维;当温度升至600℃时,各纺织弹性纤维粉化现象加剧,形貌几乎相似.扫描电镜(SEM)技术是一种简单实用、高效的鉴别纺织弹性纤维的检测方法.
Spandex fiber,polyamide fabric and polyacrylic fiber were introduced in this paper. It is discovered that the conventional textile fiber identification methods such as combustion and infrared spectroscopy(ATR) can only identify spandex fiber. Textile samples can identify the elastic fibers with similar properties easily by SEM technology after burning. The test shows that spandex fiber can still keep its fibrous form structure,while polyamide fabric is in a big block shape and polyacrylic fiber in a big granule shape under400 ℃ after 1 h sufficient combustion. The three types of textile fibers can be distinguished through the SEM images when the temperature rises to 500 ℃. But the elasticity of various textile fiber pulverization takes an almost similar morphology when the temperature rises to 600 ℃. The paper proves that the SEM technology is a simple,practical,efficient and promising detection method for textile elasticity.
Spandex fiber,polyamide fabric and polyacrylic fiber were introduced in this paper. It is discovered that the conventional textile fiber identification methods such as combustion and infrared spectroscopy(ATR) can only identify spandex fiber. Textile samples can identify the elastic fibers with similar properties easily by SEM technology after burning. The test shows that spandex fiber can still keep its fibrous form structure,while polyamide fabric is in a big block shape and polyacrylic fiber in a big granule shape under400 ℃ after 1 h sufficient combustion. The three types of textile fibers can be distinguished through the SEM images when the temperature rises to 500 ℃. But the elasticity of various textile fiber pulverization takes an almost similar morphology when the temperature rises to 600 ℃. The paper proves that the SEM technology is a simple,practical,efficient and promising detection method for textile elasticity.
引文
[1]方方,刘艳君,王迪.毛/棉/腈/涤混纺产品纤维含量的测试与分析[J].毛纺科技,2014,42(5):56-60.
[2]王杨.羊毛与氨纶混纺产品定量分析方法探讨[J].天津纺织科技,2018,5:35-37.
[3]蒋曙,张弈新,杨晓印,等.氨纶老化性能影响因素的研究进展[J].合成纤维,2018,47(11):4-7.
[4]崔庆华,杨晓勇,高顺英.纤维含量定性分析中有关注意事项[J].中国纤检,2012(16):34-37.
[5]金永安.纺织纤维快速鉴别探讨[J].毛纺科技,2016,44(6):10-12.
[6]黄艳丽,付幼珠.蛋白质纤维/氨纶混纺产品纤维含量的测试与分析[J].毛纺科技,2015,43(7):63-65.
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[8]陈海平,汪杰,涂根国,等.聚氨酯纤维的氯损研究[J].辽宁化工,2007,36(12):805-806.
[9]费国平,施琼.三种弹性纤维鉴别方法探讨[J].现代纺织技术,2010(2):33-35.
[10]金雅雯,程蓓.性质相近的纺织纤维红外光谱法鉴别的实践[J].中国纤检,2018(11):78-80.
[11]曹秋玲,王琳.古代纺织纤维的鉴别方法[J].河南工程学院学报(自然科学版),2018,30(2):4-7.
[12]冯云,杨力生,傅科杰,等.竹浆纤维的定性鉴别[J].棉纺织技术,2012,40(9):545-547.
[13]周智辉,魏建民.利用混凝土受热后的性能变化确定起火部位方法的研究[J].河南城建学院学报,2011,20(4):25-27.
[14]黄超,李继红.燃烧残留物特征的扫描电镜能谱机研究[J].消防科学与技术,2014,33(8):965-968.
[15]黄超,侍伟,李继红.常见纺织品灰烬电镜能谱辨识[J].消防科学与技术,2015,34(6):829-833.
[16]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.纺织纤维鉴别试验方法:第2部分燃烧法:FZ/T 01057.2-2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007:8.
[17]王鸿博,王银利,陈艳,等.静电纺工艺参数对含银PA6纳米纤维直径的影响[J].材料导报,2009,23(24):77-80.
[18]HE J H,YUAN S L,TIAN Z M,et al.Magnetic properties in Fe-doped Ni O synthesized by co-precipitation[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,2008(320):3293-3296.
[19]江懋钧,江峰,居华.改性膨润土对腈纶混纺织物染色废水脱色处理的研究[J].江苏环境科技,2007,20(3):34-35.
[20]唐杰,赵世海,银海燕.羊毛、羊绒纤维鉴别方法综述[J].毛纺科技,2014,43(7):48-50.
[2]王杨.羊毛与氨纶混纺产品定量分析方法探讨[J].天津纺织科技,2018,5:35-37.
[3]蒋曙,张弈新,杨晓印,等.氨纶老化性能影响因素的研究进展[J].合成纤维,2018,47(11):4-7.
[4]崔庆华,杨晓勇,高顺英.纤维含量定性分析中有关注意事项[J].中国纤检,2012(16):34-37.
[5]金永安.纺织纤维快速鉴别探讨[J].毛纺科技,2016,44(6):10-12.
[6]黄艳丽,付幼珠.蛋白质纤维/氨纶混纺产品纤维含量的测试与分析[J].毛纺科技,2015,43(7):63-65.
[7]莫菲.熔纺氨纶织物湿热定性工艺及防脱散性能的研究[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2016.
[8]陈海平,汪杰,涂根国,等.聚氨酯纤维的氯损研究[J].辽宁化工,2007,36(12):805-806.
[9]费国平,施琼.三种弹性纤维鉴别方法探讨[J].现代纺织技术,2010(2):33-35.
[10]金雅雯,程蓓.性质相近的纺织纤维红外光谱法鉴别的实践[J].中国纤检,2018(11):78-80.
[11]曹秋玲,王琳.古代纺织纤维的鉴别方法[J].河南工程学院学报(自然科学版),2018,30(2):4-7.
[12]冯云,杨力生,傅科杰,等.竹浆纤维的定性鉴别[J].棉纺织技术,2012,40(9):545-547.
[13]周智辉,魏建民.利用混凝土受热后的性能变化确定起火部位方法的研究[J].河南城建学院学报,2011,20(4):25-27.
[14]黄超,李继红.燃烧残留物特征的扫描电镜能谱机研究[J].消防科学与技术,2014,33(8):965-968.
[15]黄超,侍伟,李继红.常见纺织品灰烬电镜能谱辨识[J].消防科学与技术,2015,34(6):829-833.
[16]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.纺织纤维鉴别试验方法:第2部分燃烧法:FZ/T 01057.2-2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007:8.
[17]王鸿博,王银利,陈艳,等.静电纺工艺参数对含银PA6纳米纤维直径的影响[J].材料导报,2009,23(24):77-80.
[18]HE J H,YUAN S L,TIAN Z M,et al.Magnetic properties in Fe-doped Ni O synthesized by co-precipitation[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,2008(320):3293-3296.
[19]江懋钧,江峰,居华.改性膨润土对腈纶混纺织物染色废水脱色处理的研究[J].江苏环境科技,2007,20(3):34-35.
[20]唐杰,赵世海,银海燕.羊毛、羊绒纤维鉴别方法综述[J].毛纺科技,2014,43(7):48-50.