福建省实施风疹疫苗免疫规划前后风疹流行特征变化
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摘要
目的分析福建省含风疹成分疫苗(Rubella containing vaccine, RCV)2008年纳入免疫规划前后不同时期的风疹流行特征。方法通过中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统和麻疹专病监测系统收集福建省风疹病例,比较2005-2007年、2008-2010年和2011-2016年风疹发病特征。结果 2005-2007年、2008-2010年和2011-2016年风疹年均报告发病率分别为3.59/10万、5.94/10万和1.82/10万;2005-2007年和2008-2010年出生儿童在3-6岁时的风疹发病率分别为7.77/10万和1.84/10万,<1岁发病率从2011年出生儿童的20.35/10万降至2016年出生儿童的1.51/10万;2005-2007年、2008-2010年和2011-2016年风疹病例中10-14岁所占比例分别为41.25%、36.71%和17.94%,≥15岁所占比例分别为38.11%、45.05%和54.16%。结论福建省RCV纳入免疫规划后有效控制了目标人群的风疹流行,应做好儿童RCV基础免疫,针对青少年和育龄期女性开展疫苗补种。
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of rubella before and af ter introducing rubella containing vaccine(RCV) into the immunization program in 2008 in Fujian province. Methods We used the China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System and the Measles and Rubella Disease Surveillance System to obtain data on reported rubella cases. We compared rubella incidences in 2005-2007, 2008-2010 and 2011-2016. Results Annual rubella incidence rates in 2005-2007, 2008-2010, and 2011-2016 were 3.59, 5.94,and 1.82 cases per 100 000 population, respectively. Incidences for 3-6 year olds born in 2005-2007 and in 2008-2010 were 7.77 and 1.84 per 100 000, respectively. Incidences for <1 year olds decreased from 20.35 per 100 000 among infants born in 2011 to 1.51 per 100 000 among infants born in 2016. Among rubella cases in 2005-2007, 2008-2010,and 2011-2016, 10-14 year o lds a ccounted for 41.25%, 36.71%, a nd 17.94% o f c ases, respectively, a nd ≥15 year o lds accounted for 38.11%, 45.05%, and 54.16% of cases, respectively. Conclusions Rubella epidemics among the target population were effectively controlled after introduction of RCV into the immunization program in Fujian. We should strengthen childhood primary vaccination and conduct supplementary immunization catch-up efforts for adolescents and childbearing-age women.
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of rubella before and af ter introducing rubella containing vaccine(RCV) into the immunization program in 2008 in Fujian province. Methods We used the China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System and the Measles and Rubella Disease Surveillance System to obtain data on reported rubella cases. We compared rubella incidences in 2005-2007, 2008-2010 and 2011-2016. Results Annual rubella incidence rates in 2005-2007, 2008-2010, and 2011-2016 were 3.59, 5.94,and 1.82 cases per 100 000 population, respectively. Incidences for 3-6 year olds born in 2005-2007 and in 2008-2010 were 7.77 and 1.84 per 100 000, respectively. Incidences for <1 year olds decreased from 20.35 per 100 000 among infants born in 2011 to 1.51 per 100 000 among infants born in 2016. Among rubella cases in 2005-2007, 2008-2010,and 2011-2016, 10-14 year o lds a ccounted for 41.25%, 36.71%, a nd 17.94% o f c ases, respectively, a nd ≥15 year o lds accounted for 38.11%, 45.05%, and 54.16% of cases, respectively. Conclusions Rubella epidemics among the target population were effectively controlled after introduction of RCV into the immunization program in Fujian. We should strengthen childhood primary vaccination and conduct supplementary immunization catch-up efforts for adolescents and childbearing-age women.
引文
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[15]MORI Y,MIYOSHI M,KIKUCHI M,et al.Molecular epidemiology ofrubella virus strains detected around the time ofthe 2012-2013 epidemic in Japan[J].Front Microbiol,2017,9(8):1513.
[16]KINOSHITA R,NISHIURA H.Assessing herdimmunity against rubellain Japan:a r et rospect ive seroepidemiology analysis on a ge-d e pe n d e n t transmission dynamics[J].BMJ Open,2016,6(1):e009928.
[17]CASTILLO-SOLORZANO C,REEF SE,MORICE A,et al.Rubella vaccination ofunknowingly pregnant women during mass campaigns for rubella and congenital rubella syndrome elimination,the Americas 2001-2008[J].J Infect Dis,2011,204(Suppl 2):S713-717.
[18]LIU F,ZHANG S,LIU J,et al.Sociodemographic and economic characteristics ofsusceptibility to rubella among women preparing for pregnancy in rural China[J].Int JInfect Dis,2017,62:112-118.
[19]HE H,YAN R,TANG X,et al.Vaccination in secondary school students expedites rubella control and prevents congenital rubella syndrome[J].BMC Infectious Diseases,2016,16(1):723.
[2]余文,丁峥嵘,李立群,等.云南省2005~2013年风疹流行特征分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2015,21(5):524-528+542.YU W,DING ZR,L I LQ,e t a l.Analysis on epidemiological characteristics ofrubella in Yunnan,2011-2013[J].Chinese Journal ofVaccines and Immunization,2015,21(5):524-528+542.
[3]马超,郝利新,安志杰,等.中国麻疹监测系统的建立和运转情况分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2010,16(4):297-303+306.MA C,HAO LX,AN ZJ,e t al.Es tabl ishment and per formance ofmeasles survei l lance system in the People’s Republic ofChina[J].2010,16(4):297-303+306.
[4]蔡志坤,潘伟毅,张冬娟,等.福建省风疹类疫苗纳入免疫规划后的影响[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2012,18(4):24-26.CAI ZK,PAN WY,ZHANG DJ,et al.The effect ofrubella vaccine immunization program in Fujian province[J].Strait Journal ofPreventive Medicine,2012,18(4):24-26.
[5]World Health Organization.Global measles and rubella st rategic plan(2012-2020)[S/OL].(2012-01-01)[2018-04-01].http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/hand le/10665/44855/9789241503396_eng.pdf;jsessionid=6A1BB43D3DBEF40FB30558C02BF90EF1?sequence=1.
[6]SU Q,MA C,WEN N,et al.Epidemiological profile and progress toward rubella elimination in China,10 years after nat ionwide int roduct ion ofrubella vaccine[J].Vaccine,2018,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.013.
[7]World Heal th Organizat ion.Rubella vaccines:WHOposition paper[J].WER,2011,86(29):301-316.
[8]LAMBERT N,STREBEL P,ORENSTEIN W,et al.Rubella[J].Lancet,2015,385(9984):2297-2307.
[9]许青,徐爱强,宋立志,等.山东省实施儿童风疹疫苗免疫后风疹发病年龄变化趋势的分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2005,26(11):861-863.XU Q,XU AQ,SONG LZ,et al.Analysis on the changing ofage pat terns among rubella pat ients after rubella vaccine immunization for children in Shandong province,China[J].Chinese Journal ofEpidemiology,2005,26(11):861-863.
[10]JANTA D,STANESCU1 A,LUPULESCU E,et al.Ongoing rubella outbreak among adolescents in Sala j,Romania,September 2011-January 2012[J].Euro Surveil,2012,17(7):pii=20089.
[11]PARADOWSKA-STANKIEWICZ I,CZARKOWSKI MP,DERROUGH T,et al.Ongoing outbreak ofrubella among young male adults in Poland:increased risk ofcongenital rube l la infect ions[J].Euro Surve i l l,2013,18(21):pii=20485.
[12]Pan American Health Organization.Americans region is declared the world’s first to eliminate rubella[EB/OL].(2015-08-01)[2018-06-30].http://www.paho.org/us/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=135%3Aameri cas-region-free-of-rubella&Itemid=0&lang=en.
[13]ZIMMERMAN L,ROGALSKA J,WANNEMUEHLERKA,et al.Toward rubella elimination in Poland:need for supplemental immunizat ion act ivit ies,enhanced su rvei l lance,and fu r ther integrat ion wi th measles elimination efforts[J].J Infect Dis,2011,204(Suppl 1):S389-395.
[14]SUGISHITA Y,TAKAHASHI T,HORI N,et al.Ongoing rubella outbreak among adults in Tokyo,Japan,June 2012to April 2013[J].Western Pac Surveill Response J,2013,4(3):37-41.
[15]MORI Y,MIYOSHI M,KIKUCHI M,et al.Molecular epidemiology ofrubella virus strains detected around the time ofthe 2012-2013 epidemic in Japan[J].Front Microbiol,2017,9(8):1513.
[16]KINOSHITA R,NISHIURA H.Assessing herdimmunity against rubellain Japan:a r et rospect ive seroepidemiology analysis on a ge-d e pe n d e n t transmission dynamics[J].BMJ Open,2016,6(1):e009928.
[17]CASTILLO-SOLORZANO C,REEF SE,MORICE A,et al.Rubella vaccination ofunknowingly pregnant women during mass campaigns for rubella and congenital rubella syndrome elimination,the Americas 2001-2008[J].J Infect Dis,2011,204(Suppl 2):S713-717.
[18]LIU F,ZHANG S,LIU J,et al.Sociodemographic and economic characteristics ofsusceptibility to rubella among women preparing for pregnancy in rural China[J].Int JInfect Dis,2017,62:112-118.
[19]HE H,YAN R,TANG X,et al.Vaccination in secondary school students expedites rubella control and prevents congenital rubella syndrome[J].BMC Infectious Diseases,2016,16(1):723.