渤中凹陷西次洼浅层晚期快速充注成藏模式
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摘要
渤中凹陷西次洼新近系油气资源丰富,成藏主控因素及成藏机理研究有待深入。通过烃源岩成熟度模拟、原油地球化学及油源关系分析、流体包裹体分布特征及均一温度测定,结合断层的封闭性能及疏导体系等成藏要素的综合分析,结果表明:渤中西次洼存在沙三、沙一-沙二与东三段3套烃源岩,其中沙三段为优质烃源岩,成熟度高;该区原油成熟度普较高,为烃源岩在生油高峰及后期生成的原油,主要与沙三段烃源岩相关;渤中8区新近系储层砂岩孔隙烃与油气包裹体发蓝白色荧光,油气包裹体丰度(GOI)普遍较低,主要为一期包裹体,均一温度表明油气主要充注期为3.5 Ma B.P.、1.0 Ma B.P.以后,为晚期快速充注成藏。在新构造运动活动期,持续快速生烃、供烃能力强的烃源灶、高效的断裂输导格架,为晚期快速成藏的主控因素;"高效供烃、主断控藏、浅层聚集"为该区油气成藏模式。
Through the studies of maturity simulation of hydrocarbon source rock,analysis of oil geochemistry and oil source relations,distribution characteristics of fluid inclusions and measurement of its homogenization temperatures by fluid inclusions,combined with comprehensive analysis of accumulation elements,such as fault closure and pathway systems,the controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation and its accumulation mechanism for Neogene reservoir in the western subsag of Bozhong depression in Bohai Bay are discussed.It reveals that there exist three sets of hydrocarbon source rocks,they are the 1st Member and 3rd Member of the Shahejie Formation and the 3rd Member of the Dongying Formation,and the 3rd Member of Shahejie Formation is high quality and high maturity.The oil maturity of hydrocarbon source rock in the area is generally high,and the crude oil is formed in the generation peak period and later period,mainly related to the 3rd Member of Shahejie Formation.The study shows that the hydrocarbon in the pores of sand reservoir as well as petroleum inclusions in the No.8area of Bozhong display blue-white fluorescence color,with lower oil and gas inclusions abundance(GOI).These inclusions are mainly formed in one phase and the homogenization temperatures show that they occur after the time of 3.5 Ma B.P.or 1.0 Ma B.P.,indicating that the oil and gas filled and accumulated in the later period.It is considered that the main factors controlling the reservoir formation are rapid and continues generation of hydrocarbon,abundant supply of hydrocarbon source,effective fault transport system.Therefore,a reservoir forming model of highly active supply of hydrocarbon,fault controlled reservoir generation and superficial accumulation is proposed.
Through the studies of maturity simulation of hydrocarbon source rock,analysis of oil geochemistry and oil source relations,distribution characteristics of fluid inclusions and measurement of its homogenization temperatures by fluid inclusions,combined with comprehensive analysis of accumulation elements,such as fault closure and pathway systems,the controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation and its accumulation mechanism for Neogene reservoir in the western subsag of Bozhong depression in Bohai Bay are discussed.It reveals that there exist three sets of hydrocarbon source rocks,they are the 1st Member and 3rd Member of the Shahejie Formation and the 3rd Member of the Dongying Formation,and the 3rd Member of Shahejie Formation is high quality and high maturity.The oil maturity of hydrocarbon source rock in the area is generally high,and the crude oil is formed in the generation peak period and later period,mainly related to the 3rd Member of Shahejie Formation.The study shows that the hydrocarbon in the pores of sand reservoir as well as petroleum inclusions in the No.8area of Bozhong display blue-white fluorescence color,with lower oil and gas inclusions abundance(GOI).These inclusions are mainly formed in one phase and the homogenization temperatures show that they occur after the time of 3.5 Ma B.P.or 1.0 Ma B.P.,indicating that the oil and gas filled and accumulated in the later period.It is considered that the main factors controlling the reservoir formation are rapid and continues generation of hydrocarbon,abundant supply of hydrocarbon source,effective fault transport system.Therefore,a reservoir forming model of highly active supply of hydrocarbon,fault controlled reservoir generation and superficial accumulation is proposed.
引文
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[11]孙龙涛,陈长民,詹文欢,等.断层封堵能力定量评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):456-460.Sun L T,Chen C M,Zan W H,et al.Quantitative evaluation of fault sealing capacity[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(4):456-460.(in Chinese)
[12]刘玉瑞.苏北盆地断层封堵类型及定量评价[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(5):618-630.Liu Y R.Quantitative evaluation of fault swaling mode and capacity in the Subei basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(5):618-630.(in Chinese)
[13]Lindsay N G,Murphy F C.Outcrop studies of shale smear on fault surfaces[C]//International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 15,1993:113-123.
[14]Peter B,Graham Y,Helen J.Using calibrated shale gouge ratio to estimate hydrocarbon column heights[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87:397-413.
[15]徐春强.复杂断裂破碎带断裂对油气差异聚集的控制作用[C]//第八届中国含油气系统与油气藏学术会议论文摘要汇编.2015:52-58.Xu C Q.The control of fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in complex fracture zones[C]//The Abstract Compilation of the 8th China Hydrocarbon System&Reservoir Academic Conference.2015:52-58.(in Chinese)
[2]Hao F,Zou H Y,Gong Z S.Petroleum migration and accumulation in the Bozhong sub-basin,Bohai Bay Basin,China:Significance of preferential petroleum migration pathways(PPMP)for the formation of large oilfields in lacustrine fault basins[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2007,24(1):1-13.
[3]龚再升,王国纯,贺清.上第三系是渤中坳陷及其周围油气勘探的主要领域[J].中国海上油气地质,2000,14(3):145-155.Gong Z S,Wang G C,He Q,et al.The Neogene:A main realm of hydrocarbon exploration in Bozhong sag and its surrounding areas[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas:Geology,2000,14(3):145-155.(in Chinese)
[4]贾承造,何登发,石昕,等.中国油气晚期成藏特征[J].中国科学(D辑),2006,36(5):412-420.Jia C Z,He D F,Shi X,et al.Characteristics of China’s oil and gas pool formation in latest geological history[J].Science in China:Series D,2006,36(5):412-420.(in Chinese)
[5]米立军,段吉利.渤中坳陷中浅层油气成藏特点及其聚集规律[J].石油学报,2001,22(2):32-37.Mi L J,Duan J L.Characteristics of middle and shallow strata oil-gas reservoirs and oil-gas accumulation rule in the middle area of Bohai[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(2):32-37.(in Chinese)
[6]邓运华,李建平.浅层油气藏的形成机理——以渤海油气区为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.Deng Y H,Li J P.The Formation Mechanism of Shallow Reservoirs:A Case from Oil and Gas Areas in Bohai Sea[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[7]周心怀,牛成民,滕长宇.环渤中地区新构造运动期断裂活动与油气成藏关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):469-482.Zhou X H,Niu C M,Teng C Y.Relationship between faulting and hydrocarbon pooling during the Neotectonic movement around the central Bohai Bay[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):469-482.(in Chinese)
[8]蒋有录,刘培,刘华,等.渤海湾盆地不同凹陷新近系油气成藏条件差异性及聚集模式[J].中国石油大学学报,2014,38(1):14-21.Jiang Y L,Liu P,Liu H,et al.Difference of reservoir forming conditions of different depressions and accumulation models of Neogene hydrocarbon in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2014,38(1):14-21.(in Chinese)
[9]杨海风,王德英,郭永华,等.渤中凹陷西斜坡原油地球化学特征及来源[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(2):20-30.Yang H F,Wang D Y,Guo Y H,et al.Geochemistry characteristics and oil sources from the west slope of Bozhong depression[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2013,35(2):20-30.(in Chinese)
[10]宗奕,徐长贵,姜雪,等.辽东湾地区主干断裂活动差异性及对油气成藏的控制[J].石油天然气学报,2009,31(5):12-17.Zong Y,Xu C G,Jiang X,et al.The influence of differential activities of faults on petroleum accumulation in Liaodongwan area[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2009,31(5):12-17.(in Chinese)
[11]孙龙涛,陈长民,詹文欢,等.断层封堵能力定量评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):456-460.Sun L T,Chen C M,Zan W H,et al.Quantitative evaluation of fault sealing capacity[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(4):456-460.(in Chinese)
[12]刘玉瑞.苏北盆地断层封堵类型及定量评价[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(5):618-630.Liu Y R.Quantitative evaluation of fault swaling mode and capacity in the Subei basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(5):618-630.(in Chinese)
[13]Lindsay N G,Murphy F C.Outcrop studies of shale smear on fault surfaces[C]//International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 15,1993:113-123.
[14]Peter B,Graham Y,Helen J.Using calibrated shale gouge ratio to estimate hydrocarbon column heights[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87:397-413.
[15]徐春强.复杂断裂破碎带断裂对油气差异聚集的控制作用[C]//第八届中国含油气系统与油气藏学术会议论文摘要汇编.2015:52-58.Xu C Q.The control of fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in complex fracture zones[C]//The Abstract Compilation of the 8th China Hydrocarbon System&Reservoir Academic Conference.2015:52-58.(in Chinese)