后置短程反硝化AOA-SBR工艺实现低C/N城市污水的脱氮除磷
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摘要
为了解厌氧/好氧/缺氧(A/O/A)运行的序批式反应器(SBR)中,强化生物除磷(EBPR)与同步短程硝化反硝化(SPND)耦合,并后置短程反硝化的脱氮除磷特性,以低C/N(≤4)城市污水为处理对象,通过优化曝气量和缺氧时间,实现了低C/N城市污水的深度脱氮除磷.结果表明,当好氧段曝气量由1.0 L·min-1降至0.6 L·min-1,缺氧时间为180 min时,出水PO3-4-P浓度由0.06 mg·L~(-1)降至0,出水NH+4-N、NO-2-N和NO-3-N浓度分别由0.18、18.79和0.08 mg·L~(-1)逐渐降低至0、16.46和0.05 mg·L~(-1),TN去除率由72.69%提高至77.97%;随着曝气量的降低,SPND现象愈加明显,SND率由19.18%提高至31.20%;此后,当缺氧段时间由180 min逐渐延长至420 min,出水PO3-4-P、NH+4-N和NO-3-N浓度分别维持在0、0和0.03 mg·L~(-1)左右,出水NO-2-N低至3.06 mg·L~(-1),SND率达32.21%,TN去除性能逐渐提高,TN去除率高达99.42%,实现了系统的深度脱氮除磷.
This study focuses on the investigation of the nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) removal characteristics of a combination of enhanced phosphorus removal(EBPR) with simultaneous partial nitrification endogenous denitrification(SPND) and post-partial denitrification process.An anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic(A/O/A) operated sequencing batch reactor(SBR) fed with urban sewage was optimized by regulating the aeration rate and anoxic time.Based on this optimization,deep-level nitrogen and phosphorus removals from low C/N urban sewage could be realized.The experimental results show that the effluent PO3-4-P concentration decreased from 0.06 mg·L~(-1) to 0 mg·L~(-1),the effluent NH+4-N,NO-2-N,and NO-3-N concentrations gradually decreased from 0.18,18.79,and 0.08 mg·L~(-1) to 0,16.46,and 0.05 mg·L~(-1),respectively,and the TN removal efficiency increased from 72.69% to 77.97% when the aeration rate decreased from 1.0 L·min-1 to 0.6 L·min-1 and the anoxic duration was 180 min.With the reduction of the aeration rate,the SPND phenomenon became notable and the SND rate increased from 19.18% to 31.20%.When the anoxic duration was extended from 180 min to 420 min,the effluent PO3-4-P,NH+4-N,and NO-3-N concentrations stabilized at ~ 0,0,and 0.03 mg·L~(-1),respectively.The effluent NO-2-N concentration was as low as 3.06 mg·L~(-1),the SND rate was ~ 32.21%,the TN removal performance gradually improved,and the TN removal efficiency was as high as 99.42%.Thus,deep-level nitrogen and phosphorus removals could be realized with the SPNDPR-PD system.
This study focuses on the investigation of the nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) removal characteristics of a combination of enhanced phosphorus removal(EBPR) with simultaneous partial nitrification endogenous denitrification(SPND) and post-partial denitrification process.An anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic(A/O/A) operated sequencing batch reactor(SBR) fed with urban sewage was optimized by regulating the aeration rate and anoxic time.Based on this optimization,deep-level nitrogen and phosphorus removals from low C/N urban sewage could be realized.The experimental results show that the effluent PO3-4-P concentration decreased from 0.06 mg·L~(-1) to 0 mg·L~(-1),the effluent NH+4-N,NO-2-N,and NO-3-N concentrations gradually decreased from 0.18,18.79,and 0.08 mg·L~(-1) to 0,16.46,and 0.05 mg·L~(-1),respectively,and the TN removal efficiency increased from 72.69% to 77.97% when the aeration rate decreased from 1.0 L·min-1 to 0.6 L·min-1 and the anoxic duration was 180 min.With the reduction of the aeration rate,the SPND phenomenon became notable and the SND rate increased from 19.18% to 31.20%.When the anoxic duration was extended from 180 min to 420 min,the effluent PO3-4-P,NH+4-N,and NO-3-N concentrations stabilized at ~ 0,0,and 0.03 mg·L~(-1),respectively.The effluent NO-2-N concentration was as low as 3.06 mg·L~(-1),the SND rate was ~ 32.21%,the TN removal performance gradually improved,and the TN removal efficiency was as high as 99.42%.Thus,deep-level nitrogen and phosphorus removals could be realized with the SPNDPR-PD system.
引文
[1]高世江.废水生物脱氮除磷工艺研究进展[J].科技资讯,2016,14(4):51-52.
[2]Coats E R,Brin kman C K,Lee S.Characterizing and contrasting the microbial ecology of laboratory and full-scale EBPR systems cultured on synthetic and real wastewaters[J].Water Research,2017,108:124-136.
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[6]王建龙,彭永臻,王淑莹.污泥龄对A2/O工艺脱氮除磷效果的影响[J].环境工程,2007,25(1):16-18.
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[8]徐伟锋,顾国维,陈银广.SRT对A2/O工艺脱氮除磷的影响[J].水处理技术,2007,33(9):68-71.
[9]张静,陈洪斌.低碳源污水的脱氮除磷技术研究进展[J].水处理技术,2014,40(1):1-6,15.
[10]刘钢,谌建宇,黄荣新,等.新型后置反硝化工艺处理低C/N(C/P)比污水脱氮除磷性能研究[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(11):2979-2986.Liu G,Chen J Y,Huang R X,et al.Nutrient removal performance of a novel post-anoxic process in treating wastewater with low C/N(C/P)ratios[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2013,33(11):2979-2986.
[11]李子成,邓义祥,郑丙辉.中国湖库营养状态现状调查分析[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(S1):209-213.Li Z C,Deng Y X,Zheng B H.Investigation of the eutrophication status of the lakes and reservoirs in China[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2012,35(S1):209-213.
[12]Kerrn-Jespersen J P,Henze M.Biological phosphorus uptake under anoxic and aerobic conditions[J].Water Research,1993,27(4):617-624.
[13]Ma Y,Peng Y Z,Wang X L.Improving nutrient removal of the AAO process by an influent bypass flow by denitrifying phosphorus removal[J].Desalination,2009,246(1-3):534-544.
[14]苗志加.强化生物除磷系统聚磷菌的富集反硝化除磷特性[D].北京:北京工业大学,2013.Miao Z J.The study of PAO enrichment and performance of denitrifying phosphorus removal in EBPR system[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2013.
[15]苗志加,彭永臻,王淦,等.强化生物除磷工艺富集聚磷菌及其微生物菌群分析[J].北京工业大学学报,2013,39(5):743-748.Miao Z J,Peng Y Z,Wang G,et al.Enrichment and analysis of the population of phosphate accumulating organisms in enhanced biological phosphorus removal system[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2013,39(5):743-748.
[16]Zengin G E,Artan N,Orhon D,et al.Population dynamics in a sequencing batch reactor fed with glucose and operated for enhanced biological phosphorus removal[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(11):4000-4005.
[17]Li N,Ren N Q,Wang X H,et al.Effect of temperature on intracellular phosphorus absorption and extra-cellular phosphorus removal in EBPR process[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(15):6265-6268.
[18]常功法.基于厌氧环境的倒置A2/O工艺生物除磷机理研究[D].济南:山东大学,2013.Chang G F.The biological phosphorus removal mechanism of Reversed A2/O process based on anaerobic environment[D].Ji'nan:Shandong University,2013.
[19]Zeng R J,Lemaire R,Yuan Z G,et al.Simultaneous nitrification,denitrification,and phosphorus removal in a labscale sequencing batch reactor[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2003,84(2):170-178.
[20]戴娴.富集聚磷菌的EBPR耦合同步硝化反硝化系统脱氮除磷性能研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2016.
[21]张杰,李小明,杨麒,等.采用AOA模式在SBR中实现同步脱氮除磷[J].中国给水排水,2007,23(17):19-22.Zhang J,Li X M,Yang Q,et al.Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in SBR operated in anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic Mode[J].China Water&Wastewater,2007,23(17):19-22.
[22]Wang X X,Wang S Y,Xue T L,et al.Treating low carbon/nitrogen(C/N)wastewater in simultaneous nitrificationendogenous denitrification and phosphorous removal(SNDPR)systems by strengthening anaerobic intracellular carbon storage[J].Water Research,2015,77:191-200.
[23]梁小玲,李平,吴锦华,等.短程同步硝化反硝化过程的脱氮与N2O释放特性[J].环境科学,2013,34(5):1845-1850.Liang X L,Li P,Wu J H,et al.Nitrogen removal and N2Oemission characteristics during the shortcut simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(5):1845-1850.
[24]于德爽,袁梦飞,王晓霞,等.厌氧/好氧SPNDPR系统实现低C/N城市污水同步脱氮除磷的优化运行[J].环境科学,2018,39(11):5065-5073.Yu D S,Yuan M F,Wang X X,et al.Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal characteristics of an anaerobic/aerobic operated SPNDPR system treating low C/N urban sewage[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(11):5065-5073.
[25]张小玲.短程硝化-反硝化生物脱氮与反硝化聚磷基础研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2004.Zhang X L.Fundamental study of short-cut nitrificationdenitrification biological nitrogen removal and denitrifying phosphorus removal[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,2004.
[26]Li H J,Chen X R,Chen Y G.Effect of the addition of organic carbon sources on nitrous oxide emission in anoxic-aerobic(low dissolved oxygen)sequencing batch reactors[J].Frontiers of Environmental Science&Engineering in China,2010,4(4):490-499.
[27]吕宏德,张树军,王伟,等.A/O短程硝化反应器处理高浓氨氮废水的SND[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(13):89-91,95.Lv H D,Zhang S J,Wang W,et al.Study on SND in A/Oshortcut nitrification reactor for treatment of high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater[J].China Water&Wastewater,2008,24(13):89-91,95.
[2]Coats E R,Brin kman C K,Lee S.Characterizing and contrasting the microbial ecology of laboratory and full-scale EBPR systems cultured on synthetic and real wastewaters[J].Water Research,2017,108:124-136.
[3]Virdis B,Read S T,Rabaey K,et al.Biofilm stratification during simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND)at a biocathode[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(1):334-341.
[4]Wang F,Lu S,Wei Y J,et al.Characteristics of aerobic granule and nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a SBR[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,164(2-3):1223-1227.
[5]孙艺齐,卞伟,王盟,等.活性污泥法和生物膜法SBR工艺亚硝化启动和稳定运行性能对比[J].环境科学,2017,38(12):5222-5228.Sun Y Q,Bian W,Wang M,et al.Comparison of start-up and stable performance of nitritation in activated sludge and biofilm processes in a SBR[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(12):5222-5228.
[6]王建龙,彭永臻,王淑莹.污泥龄对A2/O工艺脱氮除磷效果的影响[J].环境工程,2007,25(1):16-18.
[7]许劲,孙俊贻.生物除磷脱氮系统工程设计中的污泥龄[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2005,27(5):83-86.Xu J,Sun J Y.Sludge retention time in design of biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal system[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2005,27(5):83-86.
[8]徐伟锋,顾国维,陈银广.SRT对A2/O工艺脱氮除磷的影响[J].水处理技术,2007,33(9):68-71.
[9]张静,陈洪斌.低碳源污水的脱氮除磷技术研究进展[J].水处理技术,2014,40(1):1-6,15.
[10]刘钢,谌建宇,黄荣新,等.新型后置反硝化工艺处理低C/N(C/P)比污水脱氮除磷性能研究[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(11):2979-2986.Liu G,Chen J Y,Huang R X,et al.Nutrient removal performance of a novel post-anoxic process in treating wastewater with low C/N(C/P)ratios[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2013,33(11):2979-2986.
[11]李子成,邓义祥,郑丙辉.中国湖库营养状态现状调查分析[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(S1):209-213.Li Z C,Deng Y X,Zheng B H.Investigation of the eutrophication status of the lakes and reservoirs in China[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2012,35(S1):209-213.
[12]Kerrn-Jespersen J P,Henze M.Biological phosphorus uptake under anoxic and aerobic conditions[J].Water Research,1993,27(4):617-624.
[13]Ma Y,Peng Y Z,Wang X L.Improving nutrient removal of the AAO process by an influent bypass flow by denitrifying phosphorus removal[J].Desalination,2009,246(1-3):534-544.
[14]苗志加.强化生物除磷系统聚磷菌的富集反硝化除磷特性[D].北京:北京工业大学,2013.Miao Z J.The study of PAO enrichment and performance of denitrifying phosphorus removal in EBPR system[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2013.
[15]苗志加,彭永臻,王淦,等.强化生物除磷工艺富集聚磷菌及其微生物菌群分析[J].北京工业大学学报,2013,39(5):743-748.Miao Z J,Peng Y Z,Wang G,et al.Enrichment and analysis of the population of phosphate accumulating organisms in enhanced biological phosphorus removal system[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2013,39(5):743-748.
[16]Zengin G E,Artan N,Orhon D,et al.Population dynamics in a sequencing batch reactor fed with glucose and operated for enhanced biological phosphorus removal[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(11):4000-4005.
[17]Li N,Ren N Q,Wang X H,et al.Effect of temperature on intracellular phosphorus absorption and extra-cellular phosphorus removal in EBPR process[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(15):6265-6268.
[18]常功法.基于厌氧环境的倒置A2/O工艺生物除磷机理研究[D].济南:山东大学,2013.Chang G F.The biological phosphorus removal mechanism of Reversed A2/O process based on anaerobic environment[D].Ji'nan:Shandong University,2013.
[19]Zeng R J,Lemaire R,Yuan Z G,et al.Simultaneous nitrification,denitrification,and phosphorus removal in a labscale sequencing batch reactor[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2003,84(2):170-178.
[20]戴娴.富集聚磷菌的EBPR耦合同步硝化反硝化系统脱氮除磷性能研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2016.
[21]张杰,李小明,杨麒,等.采用AOA模式在SBR中实现同步脱氮除磷[J].中国给水排水,2007,23(17):19-22.Zhang J,Li X M,Yang Q,et al.Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in SBR operated in anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic Mode[J].China Water&Wastewater,2007,23(17):19-22.
[22]Wang X X,Wang S Y,Xue T L,et al.Treating low carbon/nitrogen(C/N)wastewater in simultaneous nitrificationendogenous denitrification and phosphorous removal(SNDPR)systems by strengthening anaerobic intracellular carbon storage[J].Water Research,2015,77:191-200.
[23]梁小玲,李平,吴锦华,等.短程同步硝化反硝化过程的脱氮与N2O释放特性[J].环境科学,2013,34(5):1845-1850.Liang X L,Li P,Wu J H,et al.Nitrogen removal and N2Oemission characteristics during the shortcut simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(5):1845-1850.
[24]于德爽,袁梦飞,王晓霞,等.厌氧/好氧SPNDPR系统实现低C/N城市污水同步脱氮除磷的优化运行[J].环境科学,2018,39(11):5065-5073.Yu D S,Yuan M F,Wang X X,et al.Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal characteristics of an anaerobic/aerobic operated SPNDPR system treating low C/N urban sewage[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(11):5065-5073.
[25]张小玲.短程硝化-反硝化生物脱氮与反硝化聚磷基础研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2004.Zhang X L.Fundamental study of short-cut nitrificationdenitrification biological nitrogen removal and denitrifying phosphorus removal[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,2004.
[26]Li H J,Chen X R,Chen Y G.Effect of the addition of organic carbon sources on nitrous oxide emission in anoxic-aerobic(low dissolved oxygen)sequencing batch reactors[J].Frontiers of Environmental Science&Engineering in China,2010,4(4):490-499.
[27]吕宏德,张树军,王伟,等.A/O短程硝化反应器处理高浓氨氮废水的SND[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(13):89-91,95.Lv H D,Zhang S J,Wang W,et al.Study on SND in A/Oshortcut nitrification reactor for treatment of high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater[J].China Water&Wastewater,2008,24(13):89-91,95.