太原市不同建成时期居住区植物多样性研究
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摘要
居住绿地是城市绿地系统的重要组成部分,对居住绿地植物多样性进行研究能为城市植物多样性的规划和保护提供基础数据。通过实地调查太原市15个居住区绿地植物,采用群落生态学的调查方法,分析太原市居住区绿地植物多样性与建成时期之间的关系。结果表明,所研究居住小区植物种类共142种,乔木、灌木和草本分别为79,40,19种;不同居住区绿地物种数分布差异大,平均28种,仅有6个物种的频度大于60%,国槐和胶东卫矛为优势种;植物多样性与建成时期密切相关,乔灌草的物种丰富度、均匀度都呈现递增趋势。
Residential greenspace is an important part of urban greenspaces system. Greater understanding of the characteristics and drivers of the distributing of vegetation in residential greenspaces will aid development and implementation of suitable polices and planning to protect urban plant diversity. Field investigations were performed in 15 residential areas in Taiyuan to discuss the relationship between the plant diversity and the construction period. The results showed that there were 142 species in residential greenspaces,including 79, 40 and 19 species of tree, shrub and herb, respectively. The number of species varied greatly and the mean value was 28.There were 97 kinds of plants that their distribution frequency were less than 20%. However, the frequency of only 6 species were more than 60%. Sophora japonica L. and Euonymus kiautschovicus were the most common genus in the greenspaces of residential. Plant diversity was closely related to the construction period, and both the species richness and evenness increased with construction period.
Residential greenspace is an important part of urban greenspaces system. Greater understanding of the characteristics and drivers of the distributing of vegetation in residential greenspaces will aid development and implementation of suitable polices and planning to protect urban plant diversity. Field investigations were performed in 15 residential areas in Taiyuan to discuss the relationship between the plant diversity and the construction period. The results showed that there were 142 species in residential greenspaces,including 79, 40 and 19 species of tree, shrub and herb, respectively. The number of species varied greatly and the mean value was 28.There were 97 kinds of plants that their distribution frequency were less than 20%. However, the frequency of only 6 species were more than 60%. Sophora japonica L. and Euonymus kiautschovicus were the most common genus in the greenspaces of residential. Plant diversity was closely related to the construction period, and both the species richness and evenness increased with construction period.
引文
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[2]王伯荪.城市植被与城市植被学[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),1998,37(4):9-12.
[3]林萍,马建武,彭建松,等.昆明市住宅小区中植物物种多样性现状及分析[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,29(10):55-60.
[4]宋坤,秦俊,高凯,等.上海居住区植物多样性的均质化[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(7):1603-1607.
[5]孟雪松,欧阳志云,崔国发,等.北京城市生态系统植物种类构成及其分布特征[J].生态学报,2004,24(10):2200-2206.
[6]郑瑞文,刘艳红.北京市公园绿地植物多样性研究[J].科学技术与工程,2006(15):2309-2315.
[7]欧阳子珞,吉文丽,杨梅,等.西安城市绿地植物多样性分析[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(2):257-261.
[8]雷海清,何家骅.温州市居住区绿地木本植物多样性分析[J].浙江农业科学,2005(6):454-456.
[9]毛齐正,马克明,邬建国,等.城市生物多样性分布格局研究进展[J].生态学报,2013,33(4):1051-1064.
[10]张云峰.太原植被[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1991.
[11]付宝春,李志娟,刘琛彬,等.太原市城区园林植物应用现状调查与分析[J].山西农业科学,2013,41(6):594-598,649.
[12]范伟伟,张先平.太原市汾河公园和森林公园植物物种多样性比较[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(10):1301-1304.
[13]鲁敏,刘顺腾,李科科.生态园林建设中植物多样性保护的措施与途径:以济南市为例[J].山东建筑大学学报,2011(5):462-465.
[14]马克平,刘玉明.生物群落多样性的测度方法Ⅰα多样性的测度方法(下)[J].生物多样性,1994(4):231-239.
[15]王育松,上官铁梁.关于重要值计算方法的若干问题[[J].山西大学学报(自然科学版),2010,33(2):312-316.
[16]王红兵,焦春梅,胡永红.上海城镇居住区园林植物多样性研究[J].北京园林,2008(4):40-43.
[17]BOLITZER B,NETUSIL N R.The impact of open spaces on property values in Portland,Oregon[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2000,59(3):185-193.
[18]刘畅.城市景观对房地产价值的影响初探:以苏州为例的享乐价格模型分析[J].学术探索,2012(9):67-71.
[19]黄苏燕,陈兴建,夏李薇.大型生态绿地对房地产价格的影响效应研究:以贵州省贵阳市花溪区为例[J].生态经济,2013(9):136-139.
[20]闫晶,苏雪痕.地被植物在园林设计中的应用[J].园林,2011(2):18-21.
[21]HEEZIK Y V,FREEMAN C,PORTER S,et al.Garden size,householder knowledge,and socio-economic status influence plant and bird diversity at the scale of individual gardens[J].Ecosystems,2013,16(8):1442-1454.
[22]HOPE D,GRIES C,ZHU W,et al.Socioeconomics drive urban plant diversity[J].PNAS,2003,100(15):8788-8792.
[23]石进朝,解有利.从北京园林绿地植物使用现状看城市园林植物的多样性[J].中国园林,2003,19(1):75-77.
[24]王思元.乡土植物在城市绿化中的应用初探[J].山西农业科学,2009,37(8):51-53.
[25]宋爱春.北京建成区居住绿地植物多样性及其景观研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2014.
[26]KINZIG A P,WARREN P,MARTIN C,et al.Effects of human soci-economic and cultural characteristics on urban patterns of biodiversity[J].Ecology and Society,2005,10(1):23.
[27]仇江啸,王效科,途摇非,等.城市景观破碎化格局与城市化及社会经济发展水平的关系:以北京城区为例[J].生态学报,2012,32(9):2659-2669.