双线程螺旋导向式产品进化设计
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摘要
为适应动态变化的需求市场,将生态学的食物链关系引入产品概念设计,从设计认知的高度,系统地总结了产品间的关系,提出了产品分级规则,并构建了产品进化链和产品共生环,为实现双线程螺旋导向奠定了基础。在分析动态进化的产品信息的基础上,提出了以竞争与合作双线协作对产品进化进行导向的双线程螺旋导向式进化模型,同时提出了双线程螺旋导向式产品进化系统体系结构,实现了从产品进化触发机制、系统化建模2个角度来研究产品进化设计。系统构架和产品信息动态进化理论共同构成了双线程螺旋导向式产品创新设计方法,以粮食干燥机为例对该方法的使用过程进行了验证,结果可为产品进化设计进一步的系统化及计算机实现提供参考。
In order to adapt to the dynamic changes of market demands,the ecological relationship of food chain was introduced into product conceptual design,the relations of products are systematically classified at a cognitive level as competition relation and symbiotic cooperation relation.These relations laid a foundation to systematically realize the spirally guide by double threads.Products need evolving from low level to high level to gradually adapt to the dynamic change of market environment which is similar to biological evolution,so products were classified based on the market,and product evolutionary chain and product symbiotic ring were built from junior to senior in accordance with the food chain relationship.Products in the process of evolution present the dynamic characteristics of spiral evolution under the dual function of radial symbiotic ring and axial evolutionary chain at the same time,the design methods and models guiding product evolution by double threads of competition and cooperation was put forward based on the analysis of the dynamic product evolution information.Applying components control template method between design objectives and competitors,In both applying properties related template method between design objectives and symbiotic objectives,the whole process of evolution design was guided by the competitive information and symbiotic information in the model,which make products evolution purposefully.This paper implement the testing and pushing of evolution degree step by step based on the evolutionary genetic algorithm,which guaranteed the rationality and adaptability of each product layer evolution process in the model.According to the practical innovation design conditions,the competition effect and symbiotic role in the process of evolution.The model spirally guided by double threads can dynamically and flexibly yield a total evolutionary scheme feasible for the desired product.The model spirally guided by double threads can systematically investigate product factors and the actual design environment factors outside,which can make the innovation design scheme better feasibility and performance guarantee because of the comprehensive consideration of the environment,the model not only can dynamically generate a suitable product innovation principle scheme model,but also can orderly and reasonably guide designers to carry out the product innovation design.To effectively and systematically realize the evolution computerized,this article also put forward the system architecture of product evolution spirally guided by double threads,input the product evolution information by two evolutionary mechanism of self-trigger and designers-trigger,and achieved product evolution design through the evolution model spirally guided by double threads,after the completion of the design at the same time fed back the product information to the system preparing for the next innovation,the information circulation in the system made full preparation for product dynamic evolution continuously,in which the proposed dynamic evolution theory of product information and system frame formed a dynamic product innovation design method spirally guided by double threads.An illustrative design case of the grain drying machine demonstrates that the proposed model is prone to successful development of creative products and consistent with the design cognitive model.This research can provide product evolutionary design some reference for further systematic and computerized.
In order to adapt to the dynamic changes of market demands,the ecological relationship of food chain was introduced into product conceptual design,the relations of products are systematically classified at a cognitive level as competition relation and symbiotic cooperation relation.These relations laid a foundation to systematically realize the spirally guide by double threads.Products need evolving from low level to high level to gradually adapt to the dynamic change of market environment which is similar to biological evolution,so products were classified based on the market,and product evolutionary chain and product symbiotic ring were built from junior to senior in accordance with the food chain relationship.Products in the process of evolution present the dynamic characteristics of spiral evolution under the dual function of radial symbiotic ring and axial evolutionary chain at the same time,the design methods and models guiding product evolution by double threads of competition and cooperation was put forward based on the analysis of the dynamic product evolution information.Applying components control template method between design objectives and competitors,In both applying properties related template method between design objectives and symbiotic objectives,the whole process of evolution design was guided by the competitive information and symbiotic information in the model,which make products evolution purposefully.This paper implement the testing and pushing of evolution degree step by step based on the evolutionary genetic algorithm,which guaranteed the rationality and adaptability of each product layer evolution process in the model.According to the practical innovation design conditions,the competition effect and symbiotic role in the process of evolution.The model spirally guided by double threads can dynamically and flexibly yield a total evolutionary scheme feasible for the desired product.The model spirally guided by double threads can systematically investigate product factors and the actual design environment factors outside,which can make the innovation design scheme better feasibility and performance guarantee because of the comprehensive consideration of the environment,the model not only can dynamically generate a suitable product innovation principle scheme model,but also can orderly and reasonably guide designers to carry out the product innovation design.To effectively and systematically realize the evolution computerized,this article also put forward the system architecture of product evolution spirally guided by double threads,input the product evolution information by two evolutionary mechanism of self-trigger and designers-trigger,and achieved product evolution design through the evolution model spirally guided by double threads,after the completion of the design at the same time fed back the product information to the system preparing for the next innovation,the information circulation in the system made full preparation for product dynamic evolution continuously,in which the proposed dynamic evolution theory of product information and system frame formed a dynamic product innovation design method spirally guided by double threads.An illustrative design case of the grain drying machine demonstrates that the proposed model is prone to successful development of creative products and consistent with the design cognitive model.This research can provide product evolutionary design some reference for further systematic and computerized.
引文
[1]Lee J H,Chang M L.Stimulating designers’creativity based on a creative evolutionary system and collective intelligence in product design[J].International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2010,40(1):295-305.
[2]Rosenman M A.An exploration into evolutionary models for non-routine design[J].Artificial Intelligence in Engineering,1997(11):287-293.
[3]Gero J S.Computational models of innovative and creative design processes[J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2000(64):l83-196.
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[9]何斌,冯培恩,潘双夏.基于产品生态学的概念设计研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2007,13(7):1249-1254.He Bin,Feng Peien,Pan Shuangxia.Conceptual design based on product ecological model[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2007,13(7):1249-1254.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[10]Francis E H,Tay J G.A methodology for evolutionary product design[J].Engineering with Computers,2003,19(2/3):160-173.
[11]陈泳,冯培恩,潘双夏,等.基于共生进化原理的功能结构设计[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(6):19-24.Chen Yong,Feng Peien,Pan Shuangxia,et al.Functional structure design model based on the symbiotic evolutionary theory[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(6):19-24.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[12]Ma Guanglin,Li Yan,Pan Peiyuan,A process model and method of idea generation for conceptual design[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2011,225(4):568-586.
[13]麻广林,李彦,黄振勇,等.进化驱动型产品创新设计方法研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2009,15(5):849-857.Ma Guanglin,Li Yan,Huang Zhenyong,et al.Product innovative design method based on evolution-drive model[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2009,15(5):849-857.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[14]麻广林.具有认知机理的创新设计创意方案生成方法研究[D].成都:四川大学,2009.Ma Guanglin.Research on Idea Generation Method with Cognitive Mechanism for Conceptual Design[D].Chengdu:Sichuan University,2009.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[15]周宏明,付培红,李峰平,等.基于产品基因的适应性设计方法研究[J].中国机械工程,2012,23(10):1172-1179.Zhou Hongming,Fu Peihong,Li Fengping,et al.Research on adaptability design method based on product genes[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2012,23(10):1172-1179.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[16]周宏明,付培红,周余庆,等.基于产品基因的演化模型和选择过程研究[J].中国制造业信息化,2012,41(9):76-81.Zhou Hongming,Fu Peihong,Zhou Yuqing,et al.Study on the evolution model of products and selection process based on product gene[J].Chinese Manufacturing Industry Informatization,2012,41(9):76-81.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[17]冯毅雄,谭建荣,张树有,等.集成环境下创新产品进化设计技术研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2006,12(1):1-8.Feng Yixiong,Tan Jianrong,Zhang Shuyou,et al.Research on evolutionary design technology for creative product on integrated platform[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2006,12(1):1-8.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[18]程锦,冯毅雄,谭建荣,等.机构运动的变换式进化设计[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2007,41(6):890-895.Cheng Jin,Feng Yixiong,Tan Jianrong,et al.Transform-evolutionary design for mechanism motion[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2007,41(6):890-895.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[19]冯毅雄,麦泽宇,谭建荣.基于染色体模型的机构仿生变异设计[J].计算机集成制造系统,2011,17(12):2541-2551.Feng Yixiong,Mai Zeyu,Tan Jianrong.Chromosome model based bionics variant design of mechanism[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2011,17(12):2541-2551.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[20]付培红,李峰平,周宏明,等.基于系统动力学的产品进化机制研究[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(6):195-201.Fu Peihong,Li Fengping,Zhou Hongming,et al.Product evolutionary mechanism based on system dynamics[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(6):195-201.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[21]付培红,周宏明,李峰平,等.基于生物仿生的产品生态系统及进化[J].计算机集成制造系统,2012,18(5):905-912.Fu Peihong,Zhou Hongming,Li Fengping,et al.Product ecological system and product evolutionary based on bionic[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2012,18(5):905-912.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[22]Goldenberg J M.Creativity in Product Innovation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2002.
[23]陈卫敏,李彦,李文强,等.基于流通强度的产品创新设计策略[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(2):244-252.Chen Weimin,Li Yan,Li Wenqiang,et al.Strategy of product innovation design based on circulation intensity[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2013,19(2):244-252.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[24]Vicente C,Rosario V.Usefulness of evolution lines in eco-design[J].Procedia Engineering,2011(9):135–144.
[25]Roland L,Iryna M,Wilfried R,et al.Technical inheritance:A concept to adapt the evolution of nature to product engineering[J].Procedia Engineering,2014(15):178–187.
[26]Wang Shiwei,Tan Jianrong,Zhang Shuyou,et a1.Case-based product configuration and reuse in mass customization[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,17(2):233-236.
[27]周宏明,薛伟,詹永照,等.面向产品配置的相似度计算模型及实现方法[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(13):1531-1535.Zhou Hongming,Xue Wei,Zhan Yongzhao,et al.Similarity calculation modeling and implement-ion method oriented to the product configuration[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2007,18(13):1531-1535.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[28]周美立.相似性科学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[29]敖成龙,苏英,龚元明.基于相似度的复杂数据对象比较[J].北京理工大学学报,2003,23(5):593-595.Ao Chenglong,Su Ying,Gong Yuanming.Comparison of complex data objects based on similarity[J].Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2003,23(5):593-595.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[30]李笑光,何晓鹏,谢奇珍,等.我国农产品干燥技术的发展现状与方向[J].农业工程学报,1990,6(3):78-86.Li Xiaoguang,He Xiaopeng,Xie Qizhen.The present situation and developing trend of drying Technology of agricultural products in China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),1990,6(3):78-86.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[31]邸坤,李杰,马云霞,等.我国粮食干燥节能途径[J].干燥技术与设备,2005,3(4):207-210.Di Kun,Li Jie,Ma Yunxia,et al.Approaches to energy saving in grain drying process[J].Drying Technology&Equipment,2005,3(4):207-210.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[32]曹崇文.干燥机单位热耗和干燥能力折算的研究[J].干燥技术与设备,2008,6(1):9-12.Cao Chongwen.Study on conversion between unit heat consumption and drying capacity of a grain dryer[J].Drying Technology&Equipment,2008,6(1):9-12.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]Rosenman M A.An exploration into evolutionary models for non-routine design[J].Artificial Intelligence in Engineering,1997(11):287-293.
[3]Gero J S.Computational models of innovative and creative design processes[J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2000(64):l83-196.
[4]Gero J S,Thomas M N.An approach to the analysis of design protocols[J].Design Studies,1998,l9(1):21-6l.
[5]Gero J S,Vladimir A K.Evolving design genes in space layout planning problems[J].Artificial Intelligence in Engineering,1998,12(3):l63-176.
[6]Gero J S.Adaptive Systems in Designing:New Analogies from Genetics and Developmental Biology[M].London:Springer,1998.
[7]徐新胜,程鑫.基于直接进化理论的产品族结构自适应方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2010,16(3):469-475.Xu Xinsheng,Cheng Xin.Self-adaptive methods of product family architecture based on directed evolution theory[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2010,16(3):469-475.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[8]徐新胜,杨维学.基于定制产品实例数据的产品族结构进化研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2009,15(3):440-444.Xu Xinsheng,Yang Weixue.Product family architecture evolution based on customized product data[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2009,15(3):440-444.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[9]何斌,冯培恩,潘双夏.基于产品生态学的概念设计研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2007,13(7):1249-1254.He Bin,Feng Peien,Pan Shuangxia.Conceptual design based on product ecological model[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2007,13(7):1249-1254.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[10]Francis E H,Tay J G.A methodology for evolutionary product design[J].Engineering with Computers,2003,19(2/3):160-173.
[11]陈泳,冯培恩,潘双夏,等.基于共生进化原理的功能结构设计[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(6):19-24.Chen Yong,Feng Peien,Pan Shuangxia,et al.Functional structure design model based on the symbiotic evolutionary theory[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(6):19-24.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[12]Ma Guanglin,Li Yan,Pan Peiyuan,A process model and method of idea generation for conceptual design[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2011,225(4):568-586.
[13]麻广林,李彦,黄振勇,等.进化驱动型产品创新设计方法研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2009,15(5):849-857.Ma Guanglin,Li Yan,Huang Zhenyong,et al.Product innovative design method based on evolution-drive model[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2009,15(5):849-857.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[14]麻广林.具有认知机理的创新设计创意方案生成方法研究[D].成都:四川大学,2009.Ma Guanglin.Research on Idea Generation Method with Cognitive Mechanism for Conceptual Design[D].Chengdu:Sichuan University,2009.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[15]周宏明,付培红,李峰平,等.基于产品基因的适应性设计方法研究[J].中国机械工程,2012,23(10):1172-1179.Zhou Hongming,Fu Peihong,Li Fengping,et al.Research on adaptability design method based on product genes[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2012,23(10):1172-1179.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[16]周宏明,付培红,周余庆,等.基于产品基因的演化模型和选择过程研究[J].中国制造业信息化,2012,41(9):76-81.Zhou Hongming,Fu Peihong,Zhou Yuqing,et al.Study on the evolution model of products and selection process based on product gene[J].Chinese Manufacturing Industry Informatization,2012,41(9):76-81.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[17]冯毅雄,谭建荣,张树有,等.集成环境下创新产品进化设计技术研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2006,12(1):1-8.Feng Yixiong,Tan Jianrong,Zhang Shuyou,et al.Research on evolutionary design technology for creative product on integrated platform[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2006,12(1):1-8.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[18]程锦,冯毅雄,谭建荣,等.机构运动的变换式进化设计[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2007,41(6):890-895.Cheng Jin,Feng Yixiong,Tan Jianrong,et al.Transform-evolutionary design for mechanism motion[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science,2007,41(6):890-895.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[19]冯毅雄,麦泽宇,谭建荣.基于染色体模型的机构仿生变异设计[J].计算机集成制造系统,2011,17(12):2541-2551.Feng Yixiong,Mai Zeyu,Tan Jianrong.Chromosome model based bionics variant design of mechanism[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2011,17(12):2541-2551.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[20]付培红,李峰平,周宏明,等.基于系统动力学的产品进化机制研究[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(6):195-201.Fu Peihong,Li Fengping,Zhou Hongming,et al.Product evolutionary mechanism based on system dynamics[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(6):195-201.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[21]付培红,周宏明,李峰平,等.基于生物仿生的产品生态系统及进化[J].计算机集成制造系统,2012,18(5):905-912.Fu Peihong,Zhou Hongming,Li Fengping,et al.Product ecological system and product evolutionary based on bionic[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2012,18(5):905-912.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[22]Goldenberg J M.Creativity in Product Innovation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2002.
[23]陈卫敏,李彦,李文强,等.基于流通强度的产品创新设计策略[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(2):244-252.Chen Weimin,Li Yan,Li Wenqiang,et al.Strategy of product innovation design based on circulation intensity[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2013,19(2):244-252.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[24]Vicente C,Rosario V.Usefulness of evolution lines in eco-design[J].Procedia Engineering,2011(9):135–144.
[25]Roland L,Iryna M,Wilfried R,et al.Technical inheritance:A concept to adapt the evolution of nature to product engineering[J].Procedia Engineering,2014(15):178–187.
[26]Wang Shiwei,Tan Jianrong,Zhang Shuyou,et a1.Case-based product configuration and reuse in mass customization[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,17(2):233-236.
[27]周宏明,薛伟,詹永照,等.面向产品配置的相似度计算模型及实现方法[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(13):1531-1535.Zhou Hongming,Xue Wei,Zhan Yongzhao,et al.Similarity calculation modeling and implement-ion method oriented to the product configuration[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2007,18(13):1531-1535.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[28]周美立.相似性科学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[29]敖成龙,苏英,龚元明.基于相似度的复杂数据对象比较[J].北京理工大学学报,2003,23(5):593-595.Ao Chenglong,Su Ying,Gong Yuanming.Comparison of complex data objects based on similarity[J].Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2003,23(5):593-595.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[30]李笑光,何晓鹏,谢奇珍,等.我国农产品干燥技术的发展现状与方向[J].农业工程学报,1990,6(3):78-86.Li Xiaoguang,He Xiaopeng,Xie Qizhen.The present situation and developing trend of drying Technology of agricultural products in China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),1990,6(3):78-86.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[31]邸坤,李杰,马云霞,等.我国粮食干燥节能途径[J].干燥技术与设备,2005,3(4):207-210.Di Kun,Li Jie,Ma Yunxia,et al.Approaches to energy saving in grain drying process[J].Drying Technology&Equipment,2005,3(4):207-210.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[32]曹崇文.干燥机单位热耗和干燥能力折算的研究[J].干燥技术与设备,2008,6(1):9-12.Cao Chongwen.Study on conversion between unit heat consumption and drying capacity of a grain dryer[J].Drying Technology&Equipment,2008,6(1):9-12.(in Chinese with English abstract)