秸秆污泥基活性炭的制备及吸附H_2S的实验研究
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摘要
以市政污泥和玉米秸秆的混合物为原材料,KOH为活化剂,制备了秸秆污泥基活性炭(AC).实验考察了秸秆与污泥用量比例,以及活化剂用量对秸秆污泥基活性炭物化特性的影响.结果显示,m(污泥)∶m(秸秆)∶m(KOH)为3∶7∶2的条件下,制备的活性炭C372以微孔为主,微孔率达到0.59,比表面积达到369.271 m2·g-1.该活性炭的穿透硫容与饱和硫容均最高,分别为5.82 mg·g-1(以H2S计)和7.00 mg·g-1(以H2S计),活性炭表面内酯基的存在不利于其对硫化氢的吸附.SEM和BET表征分析显示,随着秸秆在污泥中比例的增加,活性炭比表面积增大,对H2S的吸附量提高.活性炭C372具有较好的再生性能,二次再生后其穿透硫容与饱和硫容均能恢复55%以上.
Sewage sludge and corn straw were used to prepare sludge-straw activated carbon( AC) by pyrolysis with KOH. This study investigated the effects of mixing ratio( sludge/straw) and the amount of KOH on physical and chemical properties of the sludge-straw activated carbon. The activated carbon named C372 was prepared with the mixing ratio of sludge ∶ straw ∶ activator of 3∶7∶2. The microporosity of the C372 was up to 0.59,and the specific surface area reached 369. 271 m2·g-1. The experimental results showed that activated carbon C372 had the highest breakthrough sulfur capacity and saturated sulfur capacity of 5.82 and 7.00 mg H2 S per gram AC,respectively. The presence of the lactone groups on the activated carbon was not conducive to its adsorption to H2 S. The SEM and BET characterization analysis showed that the specific surface area of activated carbon increased as the increase of the proportion of straw in the raw material and the ACs' adsorption capacity of H2 S. Activated carbon C372 has good regeneration performance,and the breakthrough sulfur capacity and saturated sulfur capacity can be restored more than 55% after the second cycle.
Sewage sludge and corn straw were used to prepare sludge-straw activated carbon( AC) by pyrolysis with KOH. This study investigated the effects of mixing ratio( sludge/straw) and the amount of KOH on physical and chemical properties of the sludge-straw activated carbon. The activated carbon named C372 was prepared with the mixing ratio of sludge ∶ straw ∶ activator of 3∶7∶2. The microporosity of the C372 was up to 0.59,and the specific surface area reached 369. 271 m2·g-1. The experimental results showed that activated carbon C372 had the highest breakthrough sulfur capacity and saturated sulfur capacity of 5.82 and 7.00 mg H2 S per gram AC,respectively. The presence of the lactone groups on the activated carbon was not conducive to its adsorption to H2 S. The SEM and BET characterization analysis showed that the specific surface area of activated carbon increased as the increase of the proportion of straw in the raw material and the ACs' adsorption capacity of H2 S. Activated carbon C372 has good regeneration performance,and the breakthrough sulfur capacity and saturated sulfur capacity can be restored more than 55% after the second cycle.
引文
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Ahmadpour A,Do D D.1997.The preparation of activated carbon from macadamia nutshell by chemical activation[J].Carbon,35(12):1723-1732
Bae W,Kim J,Chung J.2014.Production of granular activated carbon from food-processing wastes(walnut shells and jujube seeds)and its adsorptive properties[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Managemen Association,64(8):879-886
Bandosz T J.2002.On the adsorption/oxidation of hydrogen sulfide on activated carbons at ambient temperatures[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,246(1):1-20
Boonamnuayvitaya V,Sae-ung S,Tanthapanichakoon W.2005.Preparation of activated carbons from coffee residue for the adsorption o formaldehyde[J].Separation and Purification Technology,42(2):159-168
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陈友岚,李炳堂.2014.污泥秸秆活性炭深度处理垃圾渗滤液的研究[J].环境污染与防治,36(2):67-70
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Guo J,Lua A C.2003.Adsorption of sulphur dioxide onto activated carbon prepared from oil-palm shells with and without pre-impregnation[J].Separation and Purification Technology,30(3):265-273
何莹,廖筱锋,廖利.2014.污泥活性炭的制备及其在污水处理中的应用研究现状[J].材料导报A:综述篇,28(4):90-94
Pipatmanomai S,Kaewluan S,Vitidsant T.2009.Economic assessment of biogas-to-electricity generation system with H2S removal by activated carbon in small pig farm[J].Applied Energy,86(5):669-674
Oickle A M,Goertzen S L,Hopper K R,et al.2010.Standardization of the Boehm titration:Part II.Method of agitation,effect of filtering and dilute titrant[J].Carbon,48(12):3313-3322
何莹,舒威,廖筱锋,等.2015.污泥-秸秆基活性炭的制备及其对渗滤液COD的吸附[J].环境工程学报,9(4):1663-1669
黄大成,王惠松,邹亚娟,等.2015.常压制备秸秆活性炭对水溶液中磷元素的吸附[J].环境工程学报,9(3):1183-1188
Kang H Y,Park S S,Rim Y S.2006.Preparation of activated carbon from paper mill sludge by KOH-activation[J].Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,23(6):948-953
Kemmer F N,Robertson S R and Mattix R D.1971.Sewage Treatment Process[P].United States,Patent 3640820.1972-02-08
刘羽,陈迁,牛志睿等.2016.花生壳基污泥活性炭的制备及其对含油废水的处理效果研究[J].环境污染与防治,38(9):43-47
Lodeiro P,Barriada J L,Herrero R,et al.2006.The marine macroalga Cystoseira baccata as biosorbent for cadmium(II)and lead(II)removal:kinetic and equilibrium studies.Environ Pollut,142:264-273
卢雪丽.2015.以城市污泥为主料制备吸附剂及其应用的研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学
彭信子,刘志刚,周思琦,等.2017.市政污泥中磷的释放研究进展综述[J].净水技术,36(1):27-32
Sing K S.1985.Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity(Recommendations 1984)[J].Pure and Applied Chemistry,57(4):603-619
Tay T,Ucar S,Karag9z S.2009.Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from waste biomass[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,165(1):481-485
王金主,王元秀,李峰,等.2010.玉米秸秆中纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的测定[J].山东食品发酵:科研生产,(3):44-47
项国梁,喻泽斌,陈颖,等.2014.响应面法优化甘蔗渣-污泥复合活性炭的制备工艺[J].环境工程学报,8(12):5475-5482
Yan R,Chin T,Ng Y L,et al.2004.Influence of surface properties on the mechanism of H2S removal by alkaline activated carbons[J].Environmental Science&Technology,38(1):316-323
周品,谷麟,饶姗姗,等.2013.秸秆-污泥复合基活性炭的制备及其对1,2,4-酸氧体的吸附特性[J].环境化学,32(1):106-111
Ahmadpour A,Do D D.1997.The preparation of activated carbon from macadamia nutshell by chemical activation[J].Carbon,35(12):1723-1732
Bae W,Kim J,Chung J.2014.Production of granular activated carbon from food-processing wastes(walnut shells and jujube seeds)and its adsorptive properties[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Managemen Association,64(8):879-886
Bandosz T J.2002.On the adsorption/oxidation of hydrogen sulfide on activated carbons at ambient temperatures[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,246(1):1-20
Boonamnuayvitaya V,Sae-ung S,Tanthapanichakoon W.2005.Preparation of activated carbons from coffee residue for the adsorption o formaldehyde[J].Separation and Purification Technology,42(2):159-168
Chen Q J,Wang J T,Liu X J,et al.2011.Alkaline carbon nanotubes as effective catalysts for H2S oxidation[J].Carbon,49(12):3773-3780
陈友岚,李炳堂.2014.污泥秸秆活性炭深度处理垃圾渗滤液的研究[J].环境污染与防治,36(2):67-70
高尚愚.2002.活性炭的应用技术[M].南京:东南大学出版社
Goertzen S L,Thériault K D,Oickle A M,et al.2010.Standardization of the Boehm titration.Part I.CO2expulsion and endpoint determination[J].Carbon,48(4):1252-1261
谷麟,周品,袁海平,等.2013.不同活化剂制备秸秆-污泥复配活性炭的机理及性能[J].净水技术,32(2):61-66
Gu L,Guo H Q,Zhou P,et al.2014.Enhanced adsorptive removal of naphthalene intermediates from aqueous solution by introducing reed straw into sewage sludge-based activated carbon[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,21(3):2043-2053
Guo J,Lua A C.2003.Adsorption of sulphur dioxide onto activated carbon prepared from oil-palm shells with and without pre-impregnation[J].Separation and Purification Technology,30(3):265-273
何莹,廖筱锋,廖利.2014.污泥活性炭的制备及其在污水处理中的应用研究现状[J].材料导报A:综述篇,28(4):90-94
Pipatmanomai S,Kaewluan S,Vitidsant T.2009.Economic assessment of biogas-to-electricity generation system with H2S removal by activated carbon in small pig farm[J].Applied Energy,86(5):669-674
Oickle A M,Goertzen S L,Hopper K R,et al.2010.Standardization of the Boehm titration:Part II.Method of agitation,effect of filtering and dilute titrant[J].Carbon,48(12):3313-3322
何莹,舒威,廖筱锋,等.2015.污泥-秸秆基活性炭的制备及其对渗滤液COD的吸附[J].环境工程学报,9(4):1663-1669
黄大成,王惠松,邹亚娟,等.2015.常压制备秸秆活性炭对水溶液中磷元素的吸附[J].环境工程学报,9(3):1183-1188
Kang H Y,Park S S,Rim Y S.2006.Preparation of activated carbon from paper mill sludge by KOH-activation[J].Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,23(6):948-953
Kemmer F N,Robertson S R and Mattix R D.1971.Sewage Treatment Process[P].United States,Patent 3640820.1972-02-08
刘羽,陈迁,牛志睿等.2016.花生壳基污泥活性炭的制备及其对含油废水的处理效果研究[J].环境污染与防治,38(9):43-47
Lodeiro P,Barriada J L,Herrero R,et al.2006.The marine macroalga Cystoseira baccata as biosorbent for cadmium(II)and lead(II)removal:kinetic and equilibrium studies.Environ Pollut,142:264-273
卢雪丽.2015.以城市污泥为主料制备吸附剂及其应用的研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学
彭信子,刘志刚,周思琦,等.2017.市政污泥中磷的释放研究进展综述[J].净水技术,36(1):27-32
Sing K S.1985.Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity(Recommendations 1984)[J].Pure and Applied Chemistry,57(4):603-619
Tay T,Ucar S,Karag9z S.2009.Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from waste biomass[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,165(1):481-485
王金主,王元秀,李峰,等.2010.玉米秸秆中纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的测定[J].山东食品发酵:科研生产,(3):44-47
项国梁,喻泽斌,陈颖,等.2014.响应面法优化甘蔗渣-污泥复合活性炭的制备工艺[J].环境工程学报,8(12):5475-5482
Yan R,Chin T,Ng Y L,et al.2004.Influence of surface properties on the mechanism of H2S removal by alkaline activated carbons[J].Environmental Science&Technology,38(1):316-323
周品,谷麟,饶姗姗,等.2013.秸秆-污泥复合基活性炭的制备及其对1,2,4-酸氧体的吸附特性[J].环境化学,32(1):106-111