塔里木油田气井环空保护液密度优化及应用
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摘要
为充分认识环空保护液密度对超高压低孔低渗油气井完整性的影响,解决目前高压气井环空保护液密度普遍过高的问题,针对塔里木油田低孔低渗储层关井井口油压高、开井生产油压低,采用密度过高的环空保护液会降低A环空最大许可带压值的难题,开展了超高压低孔低渗气井环空保护液密度优化研究。研究结果表明:①采用合适的环空保护液可以降低油管和环空之间的压差,缓解储层改造时油管承受的高压;②对于特低孔低渗储层,采用的环空保护液密度过高会降低A环空最大许可带压值,给后期的开发生产带来难题。结论认为:①选择合适的环空保护液密度,可以减小油管柱内外压差和封隔器的受力,提高气井井筒安全性,保证气井长期安全生产;②对于超高压低孔低渗气井,通过环空保护液密度优化,可以提高A环空许可带压值范围,使该类气井现场环空压力管理具有可操作性,能够有效提高气井的寿命,减少修井作业工作量。
At present, the density of annulus protection fluid used in high-pressure gas wells is commonly too high. The wells in low porosity and low permeability reservoirs in the Tarim Oilfield are suffered from high wellhead tubing pressure during well shutdown, low tubing pressure during production, and the decrease of maximum permissible pressure in annulus A caused by the high density of annulus protection fluid. In order to solve these problems and difficulties and figure out the effect of the density of annulus protection fluid on the integrity of oil/gas wells in ultrahigh pressure, low porosity and low permeability reservoirs, density optimization and application research were carried out on the annulus protection fluid used in the gas wells in ultrahigh pressure, low porosity and low permeability reservoirs. In conclusion, selecting the annulus protection fluid with reasonable density can decrease the pressure difference between the internal and the external of the tubing string and the force applied on the packer so as to improve the wellbore safety and ensure the long-term safe production of gas wells. What's more, for the gas wells in ultrahigh pressure, low porosity and low permeability reservoirs, the permissible pressure range of annulus A can be extended by optimizing the density of annulus protection fluid, so as to realize on-site control on the annulus pressure in this type of gas wells, effectively increase the service life of gas wells and reduce workover operation.
At present, the density of annulus protection fluid used in high-pressure gas wells is commonly too high. The wells in low porosity and low permeability reservoirs in the Tarim Oilfield are suffered from high wellhead tubing pressure during well shutdown, low tubing pressure during production, and the decrease of maximum permissible pressure in annulus A caused by the high density of annulus protection fluid. In order to solve these problems and difficulties and figure out the effect of the density of annulus protection fluid on the integrity of oil/gas wells in ultrahigh pressure, low porosity and low permeability reservoirs, density optimization and application research were carried out on the annulus protection fluid used in the gas wells in ultrahigh pressure, low porosity and low permeability reservoirs. In conclusion, selecting the annulus protection fluid with reasonable density can decrease the pressure difference between the internal and the external of the tubing string and the force applied on the packer so as to improve the wellbore safety and ensure the long-term safe production of gas wells. What's more, for the gas wells in ultrahigh pressure, low porosity and low permeability reservoirs, the permissible pressure range of annulus A can be extended by optimizing the density of annulus protection fluid, so as to realize on-site control on the annulus pressure in this type of gas wells, effectively increase the service life of gas wells and reduce workover operation.
引文
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[6]张弘,申瑞臣,董文涛,等.气井井口环空压力分析与预测模型[J].石油机械. 2017,45(9):32-36.Zhang Hong,Shen Ruichen,Dong Wentao,et al. Wellhead Annular Pressure Analysis and Prediction Model for Gas Well. China Petroleum Machinery. 2017, 45(9):32-36.
[7]朱红钧,唐有波,李珍明,等.气井A环空压力恢复与泄压实验[J].石油学报. 2016,37(9):1 171-1 177.Zhu Hongjun,Tang Youbo,Li Zhenming,et al. Experiment on pressure recovery and relief in the A annulus space of gas well. Acta Petrolei Sinica. 2016,37(9):1171-1 177.
[8]段春兰,梁大川,光平,等.有机酸盐环空保护液在元坝海相气藏的应用[J].石油钻采工艺. 2014,36(5):53-57.DUAN Chunlan, LIANG Dachuan, WANG Guangping,et al. Application of organic acid salt annular protective fluid in Yuanba marine gas pool. Oil Drilling&Production Technology. 2014,36(5):53-57.
[9]宋兆辉,李舟军,薛玉志,等.无固相有机盐环空保护液的研究与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2013,30(4):49-51.SONG Zhaohui,LI Zhoujun,XUE Yuzhi,et al. Study and Application of Clay-free Organic Salt Annular Protective Fluid. Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid. 2013,30(4):49-51.
[10]凌建军,毕国强,俞江山,等.吐哈油田注水井环空保护技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报). 2005,27(6):790-792.LING Jianjun, BI Guoqiang, YU Jiangshan, et al.Technique and Its Application of Annulus Protection in Injection Wells of Tuha Oilfield. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology. 2005,27(6):790-792.
[11]宋晓俊,黄钟新,任亮,等.油套窜通高压气井安全生产措施[J].天然气技术与经济. 2016,10(1):54-56.SONG Xiaojun,HUANG Zhongxin,REN Liang,et al.Safety Production Measures for Highpressure Gas Wells with Tube-casing Channeling,Keshen Gasfield. Natural Gas Technology and Economy. 2016,10(1):54-56.
[12]王春生,代平,何斌,等.浅谈库车山前超深高压气井井控安全与储层保护[J].钻采工艺:2015,38(4):28-30.WANG Chunsheng, DAI Ping, HE Bin, et al. Well Control Saffty and Reservoir Protection of Ultra-Deep High-Pressure Gas Well in Kuche Piedmont. Drilling&Production Technology. 2015,38(4):28-30.
[13]贺洪波,杨田,廖青松,等.超高压气井井口安全系统及其应用[J].天然气勘探与开发. 2017,40(3):96-101.He Hongbo, Yang Tian, Liao Qingsong, et al. Wellhead safety system of ultrahigh pressure gas wells and its application technologies. Natural Gas Exploration and Development. 2017,40(3):96-101.
[14]曾努,曾有信,廖伟伟,等.克深区块高温超高压气井环空压力异常风险评估[J].天然气技术与经济. 2017,11(1):21-24.ZENG Nu,ZENG Youxin,LIAO Weiwei,et al. Risk Assessment of Abnormal Annular Pressure in High Temperature and Extrahigh Pressure Gas Wells, Kesheng Block. Natural Gas Technology and Economy. 2017,11(1):21-24.
[15]张波,管志川,张琦,等.高压气井环空压力预测与控制措施[J].石油勘探与开发. 2015,42(4):518-522.Zhang Bo, Guan Zhichuan, Zhang Qi, et al. Prediction of sustained annular pressure and the pressure control measures for high pressure gas wells.Petroleum Exploration and Development. 2015,42(4):518-522.
[2]黎丽丽,彭建云,张宝,等.高压气井环空压力许可值确定方法及其应用[J].天然气工业. 2013,3(1):101-104.Li Lili,Peng Jianyun,Zhang Bao,et al. A method determining the safety range of the annulus pressure for a high-pressure gas well and its application[J]. Natural Gas Industry. 2013,3(1):101-104.
[3]彭建云,周理志,阮洋,等.克拉2气田高压气井风险评估[J].天然气工业,2008,28(10):110-112.PENG Jianyun,ZHOU Lizhi,RUAN Yang,et al. Risk evaluation of high pressure gas wells in the KELA-2gas field. Natural Gas Industry. 2008,28(10):110-112.
[4]石榆帆,张智,肖太平,等.气井环空带压安全状况评价方法研究[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2012,14(1):97-99.SHI Yufan, ZHANG Zhi, XIAO Taiping, et al. Research of Evaluation Method of Safety Condition of SCP in Gas Well. Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology(Natural Sciences Edition). 2012, 14(1):97-99.
[5]丁亮亮,杨向同,等.高压气井环空压力管理图版设计与应用[J].天然气工业,2017,37(3):83-88.Ding Liangliang, Yang Xiangtong, Zhang Hong, et al.Design and application of annular pressure management charts for high pressure gas wells. Natural Gas Industry.2017,37(3):83-88.
[6]张弘,申瑞臣,董文涛,等.气井井口环空压力分析与预测模型[J].石油机械. 2017,45(9):32-36.Zhang Hong,Shen Ruichen,Dong Wentao,et al. Wellhead Annular Pressure Analysis and Prediction Model for Gas Well. China Petroleum Machinery. 2017, 45(9):32-36.
[7]朱红钧,唐有波,李珍明,等.气井A环空压力恢复与泄压实验[J].石油学报. 2016,37(9):1 171-1 177.Zhu Hongjun,Tang Youbo,Li Zhenming,et al. Experiment on pressure recovery and relief in the A annulus space of gas well. Acta Petrolei Sinica. 2016,37(9):1171-1 177.
[8]段春兰,梁大川,光平,等.有机酸盐环空保护液在元坝海相气藏的应用[J].石油钻采工艺. 2014,36(5):53-57.DUAN Chunlan, LIANG Dachuan, WANG Guangping,et al. Application of organic acid salt annular protective fluid in Yuanba marine gas pool. Oil Drilling&Production Technology. 2014,36(5):53-57.
[9]宋兆辉,李舟军,薛玉志,等.无固相有机盐环空保护液的研究与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2013,30(4):49-51.SONG Zhaohui,LI Zhoujun,XUE Yuzhi,et al. Study and Application of Clay-free Organic Salt Annular Protective Fluid. Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid. 2013,30(4):49-51.
[10]凌建军,毕国强,俞江山,等.吐哈油田注水井环空保护技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报). 2005,27(6):790-792.LING Jianjun, BI Guoqiang, YU Jiangshan, et al.Technique and Its Application of Annulus Protection in Injection Wells of Tuha Oilfield. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology. 2005,27(6):790-792.
[11]宋晓俊,黄钟新,任亮,等.油套窜通高压气井安全生产措施[J].天然气技术与经济. 2016,10(1):54-56.SONG Xiaojun,HUANG Zhongxin,REN Liang,et al.Safety Production Measures for Highpressure Gas Wells with Tube-casing Channeling,Keshen Gasfield. Natural Gas Technology and Economy. 2016,10(1):54-56.
[12]王春生,代平,何斌,等.浅谈库车山前超深高压气井井控安全与储层保护[J].钻采工艺:2015,38(4):28-30.WANG Chunsheng, DAI Ping, HE Bin, et al. Well Control Saffty and Reservoir Protection of Ultra-Deep High-Pressure Gas Well in Kuche Piedmont. Drilling&Production Technology. 2015,38(4):28-30.
[13]贺洪波,杨田,廖青松,等.超高压气井井口安全系统及其应用[J].天然气勘探与开发. 2017,40(3):96-101.He Hongbo, Yang Tian, Liao Qingsong, et al. Wellhead safety system of ultrahigh pressure gas wells and its application technologies. Natural Gas Exploration and Development. 2017,40(3):96-101.
[14]曾努,曾有信,廖伟伟,等.克深区块高温超高压气井环空压力异常风险评估[J].天然气技术与经济. 2017,11(1):21-24.ZENG Nu,ZENG Youxin,LIAO Weiwei,et al. Risk Assessment of Abnormal Annular Pressure in High Temperature and Extrahigh Pressure Gas Wells, Kesheng Block. Natural Gas Technology and Economy. 2017,11(1):21-24.
[15]张波,管志川,张琦,等.高压气井环空压力预测与控制措施[J].石油勘探与开发. 2015,42(4):518-522.Zhang Bo, Guan Zhichuan, Zhang Qi, et al. Prediction of sustained annular pressure and the pressure control measures for high pressure gas wells.Petroleum Exploration and Development. 2015,42(4):518-522.