室温下C/C复合材料紧固件拧紧特性
|
摘要
本文研究了C/C复合材料紧固件在不涂防松胶(简称不涂胶)和涂防松胶(简称涂胶)两种状态下的拧紧特性。试验测试了两种状态下C/C复合材料紧固件拧紧力矩与预紧力的关系,并对两种状态下紧固件摩擦系数和拧紧力矩分配关系进行了深入分析。结果表明:涂胶与不涂胶相比,相同拧紧力矩作用下,螺栓预紧力增大20%～82%,且不涂胶状态下预紧力与拧紧力矩线形关系较好;不涂胶和涂胶两种状态下,螺纹副摩擦系数分别为0.41、0.35,端面摩擦系数分别为0.59、0.41,涂胶后两对摩擦副摩擦系数均降低;另外,涂胶和不涂胶两种状态下施加拧紧力矩在端面摩擦副、螺纹摩擦副和附加力矩中比例分配规则略有不同。
The tightening characteristic of threaded fasteners made of C/C composite under the conditions of no locking adhesive(non-glue coating)and plastering the locking adhesive(glue coating)were investigated.The experiments were done to investigate the correspondence between tightening torques and clamping force of C/C composite threaded fasteners under two conditions,meanwhile,both friction coefficients of thread and bearing-surfaces were analyzed.The results indicate that the clamping force of the glue coating state will be increased by 20%-82% more than that of non-adhesive state under the same tightening torque.Under the glue coating state,the curve of clamping force with tightening torque shows a good linear relationship.And for the non glue coating and glue coating states,the average friction coefficients of thread and bearing-surfaces for the non glue coating bolts are 0.41,0.35 and 0.59,0.41,respectively.There is a slight difference between two conditions about the allocation ratio of torque components.
The tightening characteristic of threaded fasteners made of C/C composite under the conditions of no locking adhesive(non-glue coating)and plastering the locking adhesive(glue coating)were investigated.The experiments were done to investigate the correspondence between tightening torques and clamping force of C/C composite threaded fasteners under two conditions,meanwhile,both friction coefficients of thread and bearing-surfaces were analyzed.The results indicate that the clamping force of the glue coating state will be increased by 20%-82% more than that of non-adhesive state under the same tightening torque.Under the glue coating state,the curve of clamping force with tightening torque shows a good linear relationship.And for the non glue coating and glue coating states,the average friction coefficients of thread and bearing-surfaces for the non glue coating bolts are 0.41,0.35 and 0.59,0.41,respectively.There is a slight difference between two conditions about the allocation ratio of torque components.
引文
[1]DOGIGLI M,HANDRICK K,BICKEL M,et al.CMC key technologies—Background,status,present and future applications[C]//Hot Structures and Thermal Protection Systems for Space Vehicles.Proceedings of the 4th European Workshop.Paris:European Space Agency,2003,521:79.
[2]NASLAIN R.Design,preparation and properties of non-oxide CMCs for application in engines and nuclear reactors:An overview[J].Composites Science &Technology,2004,64(2):155-170.
[3]WHALE E.Ceramic Fasteners For High Temperature Applications[J].Materials &Processing Report,2000,15(4):276-281.
[4]LI Guangde,ZHANG Changrui,HU Haifeng,et al.Preparation and mechanical properties of C/SiC nuts and bolts[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2012,547:1-5.
[5]LI G,LI Y,YU G,et al.Effects of fiber preform structures on the mechanical properties of C/SiC nuts and bolts[J].Ceramics International,2016,42(11):12901-12906.
[6]MEI H,CHENG L,KE Q,et al.High-temperature tensile properties and oxidation behavior of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide bolts in a simulated re-entry environment[J].Carbon,2010,48(11):3007-3013.
[7]刘杰,李海滨,刘小瀛.3D针刺C/SiC复合材料螺栓的低成本制备及力学性能[J].航空学报,2013,34(7):1724-1730.LIU Jie,LI Haibin,LIU Xiaoying.Low Cost Preparation and Mechanical Property of Three-dimensional Needled C/SiC Bolts[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2013,34(7):1724-1730(in Chinese).
[8]王杰,李克智,郭领军,等.炭布叠层穿刺C/C复合材料螺栓连接件微观组织和力学性能[J].固体火箭技术,2012,35(2):248-252.WANG Jie,LI Kezhi,GUO Lingjun,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of C/C composite bolts[J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2012,35(2):248-252(in Chinese).
[9]胡龙,刘振国,王一博等.三维编织复合材料圆柱销剪切试验与数值模拟[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2016,42(2):287-293.HU Long,LIU Zhenguo,WANG Yibo,et al.Test and numerical simulation on shear property of 3Dbraided composite straight pin[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,2016,42(2):287-293(in Chinese).
[10]廖强,卢子兴,杨振宇等.复合材料螺栓联接螺纹载荷分布规律研究[J].复合材料学报,2014,31(1):213-219.LIAO Qiang,LU Zixing,YANG Zhenyu,et al.Study of load distribution in the threads of composite fasteners[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2014,31(1):213-219(in Chinese).
[11]卢子兴,廖强,杨振宇等.C/SiC复合材料螺栓螺牙承载能力[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(1):182-187.LU Zixing,LIAO Qiang,YANG Zhenyu,et al.Load bearing capability of thread teeth of C/SiC composite bolts[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2015,32(1):182-187(in Chinese).
[12]闵昌万,谭志勇,龙丽平.C/C复合材料螺栓在拧紧力矩条件下的力学性能研究[J].强度与环境,2012,39(3):1-6.MIN Changwan,TAN Zhiyong,LONG Liping.The mechanical behavior research of C/C composite bolt with tightening torque[J].Structure &Environment Engineering,2012,39(3):1-6(in Chinese).
[13]孙鹏军,雷勇军,吴宏伟,等.C/C复合材料螺栓紧固特性[J].宇航材料工艺,2017,47(1):59-61.SUN Pengjun,LEI Yongjun,WU Hongwei,et al.Tightening Characteristic of C/C Composite Material Bolt[J].Aerospace Material and Technology.2017,47(1):59-61(in Chinese).
[14]黄金昌,王晓冬.复合材料夹层连接螺栓拧紧力矩试验研究[J].飞机设计,2009,29(2):32-35.HUANG Jinchang,WANG Xiaodong.Study on tighening moment test of joint bolt in sandwich of composites[J].Aircraft Design,2009,29(2):32-35(in Chinese).
[15]石鹏飞,孙锐,胡斌.螺栓预紧力在飞机结构连接中的作用[J].科技创新与应用,2017(20):39-40.SHI Pengfei,SUN Rui,HU Bin.The effect of bolt clamping force on aircraft structural connection[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2017,20:39-40(in Chinese).
[16]董得义,李志来,杨利伟,等.防松胶对螺纹连接预紧力影响试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(22):121-124.DONG Deyi,LI Zhilai,YANG Liwei,et al.Experiment study on the influence of locking adhesive on the preload of screw thread connection[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(22):121-124(in Chinese).
[17]中国国家标准化管理委员会.紧固件扭矩-夹紧力试验:GB/T16823.3—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.National Standards of the People’s Republic of China.Fasteners-Torque/clamp force testing:GB/T16823.3—2010[S],Beijing:China Standards Press,2011(in Chinese).
[18]李俊,矫桂琼,王刚,等.室温下C/SiC复合材料螺纹紧固件的拧紧特性[J].复合材料学报,2012,29(5):164-170.LI Jun,QIAO Guiqiong,WANG Gang,et al.Tightening characteristic of C/SiC composite threaded fasteners at room temperature[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2012,29(5):164-170(in Chinese).
[19]山本晃.螺纹联接的理论与计算[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1984:41-43.AKIRA YAMAMOTO.The theory and calculation of thread connection[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Literature Press,1984:41-43(in Chinese).
[20]NASSAR S A,GANESHMURTHY S,RANGANATHAN R M,et al.Effect of tightening speed on the torque-tension and wear pattern in bolted connections[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2007,129(3):1669-1681.
[21]成大先.机械设计手册第2卷[M].第五版.北京:化学工业出版社,2010:69-70.CHENG Daxian.Mechanical engineers’handbook:materials and mechanical design,Volume 2[M].5th Edition.Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010:69-70(in Chinese).
[22]贾晓娇,张晓斌,于建政,等.大规格螺栓螺母拧紧力矩与预紧力关系研究[J].航天标准化,2015(3):1-5.JIA Xiaojiao,ZHANG Xiaobin,YU Jianzheng,et al.The relationship between tightening torque and clamping force for big fasteners[J].Aerospace Standardization,2015(3):1-5(in Chinese).
[23]张晓斌,于建政,贾晓娇,等.某飞行器用紧固件拧紧力矩与预紧力关系研究[J].航空制造技术,2016,503(8):81-84.ZHANG Xiaobin,YU Jianzheng,JIA Xiaojiao,et al.Research on the relationship between the install moment and bolt stress in the aerocraft party jointment[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2016,503(8):81-84(in Chinese).
[24]杨育中.紧固件连接设计手册[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1990.YANG Yuzhong,Fastener connection design hand book[M].Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,1990(in Chinese).
[25]王晓辉,高任,余超,等.螺栓摩擦及防松研究[J].汽车实用技术,2016(10):193-195.WANG Xiaohui,GAO Ren,YU Chao,et al.Research of bolts’friction and anti-loosen[J].Automobile Applied Technology,2016(10):193-195(in Chinese).
[2]NASLAIN R.Design,preparation and properties of non-oxide CMCs for application in engines and nuclear reactors:An overview[J].Composites Science &Technology,2004,64(2):155-170.
[3]WHALE E.Ceramic Fasteners For High Temperature Applications[J].Materials &Processing Report,2000,15(4):276-281.
[4]LI Guangde,ZHANG Changrui,HU Haifeng,et al.Preparation and mechanical properties of C/SiC nuts and bolts[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2012,547:1-5.
[5]LI G,LI Y,YU G,et al.Effects of fiber preform structures on the mechanical properties of C/SiC nuts and bolts[J].Ceramics International,2016,42(11):12901-12906.
[6]MEI H,CHENG L,KE Q,et al.High-temperature tensile properties and oxidation behavior of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide bolts in a simulated re-entry environment[J].Carbon,2010,48(11):3007-3013.
[7]刘杰,李海滨,刘小瀛.3D针刺C/SiC复合材料螺栓的低成本制备及力学性能[J].航空学报,2013,34(7):1724-1730.LIU Jie,LI Haibin,LIU Xiaoying.Low Cost Preparation and Mechanical Property of Three-dimensional Needled C/SiC Bolts[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2013,34(7):1724-1730(in Chinese).
[8]王杰,李克智,郭领军,等.炭布叠层穿刺C/C复合材料螺栓连接件微观组织和力学性能[J].固体火箭技术,2012,35(2):248-252.WANG Jie,LI Kezhi,GUO Lingjun,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of C/C composite bolts[J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2012,35(2):248-252(in Chinese).
[9]胡龙,刘振国,王一博等.三维编织复合材料圆柱销剪切试验与数值模拟[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2016,42(2):287-293.HU Long,LIU Zhenguo,WANG Yibo,et al.Test and numerical simulation on shear property of 3Dbraided composite straight pin[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,2016,42(2):287-293(in Chinese).
[10]廖强,卢子兴,杨振宇等.复合材料螺栓联接螺纹载荷分布规律研究[J].复合材料学报,2014,31(1):213-219.LIAO Qiang,LU Zixing,YANG Zhenyu,et al.Study of load distribution in the threads of composite fasteners[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2014,31(1):213-219(in Chinese).
[11]卢子兴,廖强,杨振宇等.C/SiC复合材料螺栓螺牙承载能力[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(1):182-187.LU Zixing,LIAO Qiang,YANG Zhenyu,et al.Load bearing capability of thread teeth of C/SiC composite bolts[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2015,32(1):182-187(in Chinese).
[12]闵昌万,谭志勇,龙丽平.C/C复合材料螺栓在拧紧力矩条件下的力学性能研究[J].强度与环境,2012,39(3):1-6.MIN Changwan,TAN Zhiyong,LONG Liping.The mechanical behavior research of C/C composite bolt with tightening torque[J].Structure &Environment Engineering,2012,39(3):1-6(in Chinese).
[13]孙鹏军,雷勇军,吴宏伟,等.C/C复合材料螺栓紧固特性[J].宇航材料工艺,2017,47(1):59-61.SUN Pengjun,LEI Yongjun,WU Hongwei,et al.Tightening Characteristic of C/C Composite Material Bolt[J].Aerospace Material and Technology.2017,47(1):59-61(in Chinese).
[14]黄金昌,王晓冬.复合材料夹层连接螺栓拧紧力矩试验研究[J].飞机设计,2009,29(2):32-35.HUANG Jinchang,WANG Xiaodong.Study on tighening moment test of joint bolt in sandwich of composites[J].Aircraft Design,2009,29(2):32-35(in Chinese).
[15]石鹏飞,孙锐,胡斌.螺栓预紧力在飞机结构连接中的作用[J].科技创新与应用,2017(20):39-40.SHI Pengfei,SUN Rui,HU Bin.The effect of bolt clamping force on aircraft structural connection[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2017,20:39-40(in Chinese).
[16]董得义,李志来,杨利伟,等.防松胶对螺纹连接预紧力影响试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(22):121-124.DONG Deyi,LI Zhilai,YANG Liwei,et al.Experiment study on the influence of locking adhesive on the preload of screw thread connection[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(22):121-124(in Chinese).
[17]中国国家标准化管理委员会.紧固件扭矩-夹紧力试验:GB/T16823.3—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.National Standards of the People’s Republic of China.Fasteners-Torque/clamp force testing:GB/T16823.3—2010[S],Beijing:China Standards Press,2011(in Chinese).
[18]李俊,矫桂琼,王刚,等.室温下C/SiC复合材料螺纹紧固件的拧紧特性[J].复合材料学报,2012,29(5):164-170.LI Jun,QIAO Guiqiong,WANG Gang,et al.Tightening characteristic of C/SiC composite threaded fasteners at room temperature[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2012,29(5):164-170(in Chinese).
[19]山本晃.螺纹联接的理论与计算[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1984:41-43.AKIRA YAMAMOTO.The theory and calculation of thread connection[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Literature Press,1984:41-43(in Chinese).
[20]NASSAR S A,GANESHMURTHY S,RANGANATHAN R M,et al.Effect of tightening speed on the torque-tension and wear pattern in bolted connections[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2007,129(3):1669-1681.
[21]成大先.机械设计手册第2卷[M].第五版.北京:化学工业出版社,2010:69-70.CHENG Daxian.Mechanical engineers’handbook:materials and mechanical design,Volume 2[M].5th Edition.Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010:69-70(in Chinese).
[22]贾晓娇,张晓斌,于建政,等.大规格螺栓螺母拧紧力矩与预紧力关系研究[J].航天标准化,2015(3):1-5.JIA Xiaojiao,ZHANG Xiaobin,YU Jianzheng,et al.The relationship between tightening torque and clamping force for big fasteners[J].Aerospace Standardization,2015(3):1-5(in Chinese).
[23]张晓斌,于建政,贾晓娇,等.某飞行器用紧固件拧紧力矩与预紧力关系研究[J].航空制造技术,2016,503(8):81-84.ZHANG Xiaobin,YU Jianzheng,JIA Xiaojiao,et al.Research on the relationship between the install moment and bolt stress in the aerocraft party jointment[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2016,503(8):81-84(in Chinese).
[24]杨育中.紧固件连接设计手册[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1990.YANG Yuzhong,Fastener connection design hand book[M].Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,1990(in Chinese).
[25]王晓辉,高任,余超,等.螺栓摩擦及防松研究[J].汽车实用技术,2016(10):193-195.WANG Xiaohui,GAO Ren,YU Chao,et al.Research of bolts’friction and anti-loosen[J].Automobile Applied Technology,2016(10):193-195(in Chinese).