教养方式与大学新生学校适应的关系研究
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摘要
探讨父母教养方式对大一新生学校适应的影响机制,以及完美主义在其中的中介效应。采用父母教养方式问卷中文修订版(S-EMBU-C)、大学生一般完美主义量表(CSGPS)和中国大学生适应量表(CCSAS)对所选取的400名大学新生进行施测。结果显示(1)大学新生学校适应总体状况良好,同时,是否担任学生干部对其有显著影响;(2)父母情感温暖与积极完美主义呈正相关而与消极完美主义呈负相关,父母拒绝、过度保护与消极完美主义呈正相关,积极完美主义与学校适应呈正相关,消极完美主义与学校适应呈负相关;(3)教养方式直接预测大学新生学校适应,完美主义的不同成分在这一过程中起部分或完全中介作用。完美主义对父母教养方式与大一新生学校适应的关系具有中介效应,这一结果对大学生积极完美主义人格与适应能力的塑造有重要指导意义。
The paper is to explore the relationship among parenting styles, perfectionism and school adjustment. Four hundred freshmen were tested by the Chinese revised version of Parenting Style Questionnaire(S-EMBU-C), College Students' General Perfectionism Scale(CSGPS) and Chinese College Students' Adaptation Scale(CCSAS). The research results demonstrate:(1) The freshmen's school adjustment is generally in good condition. Meanwhile, whether they are student cadres has a significant impact on them.(2) Parental emotional warmth is positively correlated with positive perfectionism and negatively correlated with negative perfectionism;parental rejection and over-protection are positively correlated with negative perfectionism. Positive perfectionism is positively correlated with school adaptation;negative perfectionism is negatively correlated with school adaptation.(3) The school adjustment of freshman can be directly predicted by parenting styles and the relation between parenting style and school adjustment can be mediated by perfectionism partly or totally. The conclusion is reached that the influences of parenting styles on the school adjustment of freshmen are attained through the mediator of perfectionism. The result has guiding significance for shaping undergraduate adaptive perfectionism and the improvement of adaptability.
The paper is to explore the relationship among parenting styles, perfectionism and school adjustment. Four hundred freshmen were tested by the Chinese revised version of Parenting Style Questionnaire(S-EMBU-C), College Students' General Perfectionism Scale(CSGPS) and Chinese College Students' Adaptation Scale(CCSAS). The research results demonstrate:(1) The freshmen's school adjustment is generally in good condition. Meanwhile, whether they are student cadres has a significant impact on them.(2) Parental emotional warmth is positively correlated with positive perfectionism and negatively correlated with negative perfectionism;parental rejection and over-protection are positively correlated with negative perfectionism. Positive perfectionism is positively correlated with school adaptation;negative perfectionism is negatively correlated with school adaptation.(3) The school adjustment of freshman can be directly predicted by parenting styles and the relation between parenting style and school adjustment can be mediated by perfectionism partly or totally. The conclusion is reached that the influences of parenting styles on the school adjustment of freshmen are attained through the mediator of perfectionism. The result has guiding significance for shaping undergraduate adaptive perfectionism and the improvement of adaptability.
引文
[1]马素红.主动性人格与大一新生学校适应的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2017,25(5):751-754.
[2]包文婷.大学新生学校适应及其影响因素的调查研究与教育启示[D].湘潭:湖南科技大学,2012:1-74.
[3]Bronfenbrenner,U. The ecology of human development:Experiments by nature and design[D]. Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1979:196-217.
[4]潘朝霞,李玲.大学生心理分离与学校适应——教养方式的调节作用[J].凯里学院学报,2013,31(6):160-163.
[5]彭咏梅,杨小兵,刘红云,等.医专生父母教养方式与应对方式:心理资本的中介作用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2017,25(6):1171-1174.
[6]Dornbuseh,S., Ritter,P., Roberts,D.&M.Fraleigh.The relation of parenting style to adoleseent school performance[J]. Child Development, 1987:58.
[7]Lamborn,S.D.,Mounts,N.S.,Steinberg,L.&S.M.Dornbuseh. Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian,indulgent, and neglectful families[J]. Child Development,1989:1049-1065.
[8]潘朝霞.大学生心理分离与学校适应:父母教养方式的调节作用[D].开封:河南大学,2006:1-59.
[9]谢亮亮.大学生父母教养方式、核心自我评价与学校适应的关系研究[D].赣州:赣南师范学院,2012:1-47.
[10]董增云.大学生人格特征、社会支持与学校适应的关系[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2010,18(5):642-644.
[11]王丹,卢宁.自尊异质性在完美主义和C类人格障碍倾向间的中介效应研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2016,24(6):1038-1041+1054.
[12]王芳.完美主义、自我效能感、心理控制源与生命意义感的相关研究[D].天津:天津大学教育学院,2012:1-63.
[13]杨宏飞,张小燕.大学生的完美主义与心理健康的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2004,18(9):647-648.
[14]朱丹,张霞,李静.中学生完美主义与父母教养方式的关系[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2009,17(1):93-95.
[15]张秀阁.初中生完美主义人格的类型及其学校适应[J].心理与行为研究.2012,10(6):433-437.
[16]Hamachck,D.E. Psychologynamics of Normal and Neurotic Perfection[J]. Psychology, 1978(15):27-33.
[17]蒋奖,鲁峥嵘,蒋苾菁,等.简式父母教养方式问卷中文版的初步修订[J].心理发展与教育,2010(1):194-98.
[18]杨宏飞,张小燕,赵燕.大学生一般完美主义量表的编制[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2007,21(2):107-110.
[19]方晓义,沃建中,蔺秀云.《中国大学生适应量表》的编制[J].心理与行为研究,2005,3(2):95-101.
[20]温忠麟,叶宝娟.中介效应分析:方法和模型发展[J].心理科学进展,2014,22(5):731-745.
[21]鞠颂.大学生学业倦怠、完美主义与父母教养方式的关系研究[D].杭州:杭州师范大学,2011:1-93.
[22]Rice,K.G., Ashby,J.S.,&K.J.Preusser. Perfectionism,relationships with parents and self-esteem Individal Psychology:Journal of Adlerian Theory[J].Research and Practice,1996,52(3):246-260.
[23]黄洁婷.高中生完美主义、学业自我妨碍与学校适应的关系研究[D].天津:天津师范大学,2012:1-76.
[24]缪小幼,李鸣.温尼科特的客体关系理论观[J].精神医学杂志,2009,22(3):221-223.
[25]訾非,周旭.大学生完美主义心理与父母养育方式的关系[J].国健康心理学杂志,2005,13(5):321-323.
[26]王敬群,梁宝勇.完美主义发展模型综述[J].心理与行为研究,2005,3(4):314-318.
[27]孙颖,廖星.内外完美主义研究综述[J].沧州师范学院学报,2010,6(3):78-80.
[2]包文婷.大学新生学校适应及其影响因素的调查研究与教育启示[D].湘潭:湖南科技大学,2012:1-74.
[3]Bronfenbrenner,U. The ecology of human development:Experiments by nature and design[D]. Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1979:196-217.
[4]潘朝霞,李玲.大学生心理分离与学校适应——教养方式的调节作用[J].凯里学院学报,2013,31(6):160-163.
[5]彭咏梅,杨小兵,刘红云,等.医专生父母教养方式与应对方式:心理资本的中介作用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2017,25(6):1171-1174.
[6]Dornbuseh,S., Ritter,P., Roberts,D.&M.Fraleigh.The relation of parenting style to adoleseent school performance[J]. Child Development, 1987:58.
[7]Lamborn,S.D.,Mounts,N.S.,Steinberg,L.&S.M.Dornbuseh. Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian,indulgent, and neglectful families[J]. Child Development,1989:1049-1065.
[8]潘朝霞.大学生心理分离与学校适应:父母教养方式的调节作用[D].开封:河南大学,2006:1-59.
[9]谢亮亮.大学生父母教养方式、核心自我评价与学校适应的关系研究[D].赣州:赣南师范学院,2012:1-47.
[10]董增云.大学生人格特征、社会支持与学校适应的关系[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2010,18(5):642-644.
[11]王丹,卢宁.自尊异质性在完美主义和C类人格障碍倾向间的中介效应研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2016,24(6):1038-1041+1054.
[12]王芳.完美主义、自我效能感、心理控制源与生命意义感的相关研究[D].天津:天津大学教育学院,2012:1-63.
[13]杨宏飞,张小燕.大学生的完美主义与心理健康的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2004,18(9):647-648.
[14]朱丹,张霞,李静.中学生完美主义与父母教养方式的关系[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2009,17(1):93-95.
[15]张秀阁.初中生完美主义人格的类型及其学校适应[J].心理与行为研究.2012,10(6):433-437.
[16]Hamachck,D.E. Psychologynamics of Normal and Neurotic Perfection[J]. Psychology, 1978(15):27-33.
[17]蒋奖,鲁峥嵘,蒋苾菁,等.简式父母教养方式问卷中文版的初步修订[J].心理发展与教育,2010(1):194-98.
[18]杨宏飞,张小燕,赵燕.大学生一般完美主义量表的编制[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2007,21(2):107-110.
[19]方晓义,沃建中,蔺秀云.《中国大学生适应量表》的编制[J].心理与行为研究,2005,3(2):95-101.
[20]温忠麟,叶宝娟.中介效应分析:方法和模型发展[J].心理科学进展,2014,22(5):731-745.
[21]鞠颂.大学生学业倦怠、完美主义与父母教养方式的关系研究[D].杭州:杭州师范大学,2011:1-93.
[22]Rice,K.G., Ashby,J.S.,&K.J.Preusser. Perfectionism,relationships with parents and self-esteem Individal Psychology:Journal of Adlerian Theory[J].Research and Practice,1996,52(3):246-260.
[23]黄洁婷.高中生完美主义、学业自我妨碍与学校适应的关系研究[D].天津:天津师范大学,2012:1-76.
[24]缪小幼,李鸣.温尼科特的客体关系理论观[J].精神医学杂志,2009,22(3):221-223.
[25]訾非,周旭.大学生完美主义心理与父母养育方式的关系[J].国健康心理学杂志,2005,13(5):321-323.
[26]王敬群,梁宝勇.完美主义发展模型综述[J].心理与行为研究,2005,3(4):314-318.
[27]孙颖,廖星.内外完美主义研究综述[J].沧州师范学院学报,2010,6(3):78-80.