秸秆与秸秆菌渣饲粮对山羊饲喂效果的比较研究
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摘要
本试验以金针菇生产为例,旨在比较研究秸秆直接饲喂与基质化利用后对山羊生产性能和经济效益的影响,并确定饲粮中金针菇菌渣的适宜添加水平。选取28只年龄接近的健康波杂羊(波尔山羊×徐淮山羊),平均体重为(23.35±2.45)kg,随机分为4组,每组7只。分别饲喂水稻秸秆饲粮和金针菇菌渣添加水平为15%(菌渣A)、25%(菌渣B)、40%(菌渣C)的试验饲粮,试验期45d。结果表明:1)菌渣A组的日增重显著高于菌渣B组和菌渣C组(P<0.05),但与稻草组差异不显著(P>0.05);菌渣A组与菌渣B组、稻草组的料重比差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著低于菌渣C组(P<0.05);2)菌渣A组比稻草组、菌渣B组和菌渣C组每只羊多收入0.47、0.99和1.35元。综上所述,在本研究背景下,秸秆经过食用菌生产环节后的饲料可做于山羊饲料,并且其饲喂效果有优于直接饲喂的趋势,日粮中添加15%的金针菇菌渣的饲喂效果和经济效益较好。
Taking enoki mushroom residue,the experiment was conducted to compare the effect of feeding straw directly and matrix on growth performance and economic benefits for goats(Boer goats× Xuhuai goats),and make sure the optimum proportion for enoki mushroom residue addition in diet.A total of 28 healthy goats with an average body weight of 23.35±2.45 kg were randomly allotted to 4groups,with 7replicates per group.Goats were fed 4experiment diets,which adding straw(straw diet),15% enoki mushroom residue(A),25% enoki mushroom residue(B)and 40%enoki mushroom residue(C).The experiment lasted for 45 days.The results showed as follows:1)The daily gain of diet A was significantly higher than diet B and C(P<0.05),which was not significantly different with straw diet(P>0.05);the feed to gain ration of diet A has no significant difference with diet B and straw diet(P>0.05),which was significantly higher than diet C(P<0.05);2)The income per goat of Diet A was 0.47,0.99 and 1.35 yuan more than that of straw diet,diet B and diet C.It is concluded that the straw after edible fungus production could be used as goats' feed,and the feeding effect tends to be superior to direct feeding.In this study,the diet which adds 15%enoki mushroom residue has a better feeding effect and economic benefit.
Taking enoki mushroom residue,the experiment was conducted to compare the effect of feeding straw directly and matrix on growth performance and economic benefits for goats(Boer goats× Xuhuai goats),and make sure the optimum proportion for enoki mushroom residue addition in diet.A total of 28 healthy goats with an average body weight of 23.35±2.45 kg were randomly allotted to 4groups,with 7replicates per group.Goats were fed 4experiment diets,which adding straw(straw diet),15% enoki mushroom residue(A),25% enoki mushroom residue(B)and 40%enoki mushroom residue(C).The experiment lasted for 45 days.The results showed as follows:1)The daily gain of diet A was significantly higher than diet B and C(P<0.05),which was not significantly different with straw diet(P>0.05);the feed to gain ration of diet A has no significant difference with diet B and straw diet(P>0.05),which was significantly higher than diet C(P<0.05);2)The income per goat of Diet A was 0.47,0.99 and 1.35 yuan more than that of straw diet,diet B and diet C.It is concluded that the straw after edible fungus production could be used as goats' feed,and the feeding effect tends to be superior to direct feeding.In this study,the diet which adds 15%enoki mushroom residue has a better feeding effect and economic benefit.
引文
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[16]National Research Council(NRC).Nutrient Requirements of Goats.Nutrient Requirement of Domestic Animals Number15[S].Washington D C:National Academy Press,1981.
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[18]彭白桦.四川农村秸秆类废弃物的循环利用和经济化研究[J].中国市场,2016(12):198-201.
[19]任鹏飞,刘岩,任海霞,等.秸秆栽培食用菌基质研究进展[J].中国食用菌,2010,29(6):11-14.
[2]翁伯琦,雷锦桂,王义祥,等.秸秆菌业循环利用模式与低碳农业的发展对策[J].福建农林大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2010,13(1):1-6.
[3]白洁瑞,朱彩云,顾国洪,等.综合利用秸秆发展循环农业[J].农业工程技术:新能源产业,2014,(8):2-3.
[4]李用芳,李学梅.利用金针菇糠生产平菇菌种初探[J].河南农业科学,2000(11):28-29.
[5]陈学通,马先锋,曹志东,等.白灵菇菌渣饲喂育肥羊效果测定报告[J].中国草食动物,2005,25(5):45-46.
[6]李志香,王一鸣.废菌渣开发饲料蛋白质替代源的菌种筛选与多菌共同发酵[J].中国畜牧兽医,2007,34(4):19-22.
[7]仇丽.枯草芽孢杆菌在养殖中的应用[J].渔业现代化,2002(4):26-26.
[8]胡连江,王占哲,赵殿忱,等.菌糠混合料喂饲肉鹅试验研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2007(6):67-68.
[9]叶红英,张宗庆,肖明举,等.菌糠饲料饲喂可乐育肥猪的试验[J].饲料研究,2011(3):81-82.
[10]王占哲,胡连江,赵殿忱,等.菌糠混合料饲喂育肥猪试验研究[J].黑龙江农业科学,2010(2):82-83.
[11]王利民,王文志,孙海涛,等.金针菇菌渣代替麸皮对肉兔生产性能的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014(5):113-114.
[12]盛清凯,赵红波,宫志远,等.菌渣发酵床对雏鸡生产性能的影响[J].山东农业科学,2011(4):100-102.
[13]石明生,焦镭,李鹏伟,等.平菇菌糠喂羊增重试验[J].食用菌,2004,26(3):45-46.
[14]盛清凯,宫志远,陶海英.金针菇菌渣在肉羊育肥中的应用[J].饲料博览,2011(3):1-3.
[15]姜殿文,宫志远,盛清凯.金针菇菌渣日粮对肉牛生产性能的影响[J].中国草食动物,2011(5):32-34.
[16]National Research Council(NRC).Nutrient Requirements of Goats.Nutrient Requirement of Domestic Animals Number15[S].Washington D C:National Academy Press,1981.
[17]潘军,傅彤,付春丽,等.菌糠在反刍动物日粮中的应用[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(2):323-325.
[18]彭白桦.四川农村秸秆类废弃物的循环利用和经济化研究[J].中国市场,2016(12):198-201.
[19]任鹏飞,刘岩,任海霞,等.秸秆栽培食用菌基质研究进展[J].中国食用菌,2010,29(6):11-14.