膨胀阻燃剂对EVA/PA6聚合物合金阻燃和力学性能的影响
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摘要
采用聚磷酸铵(APP)和季戊四醇(PER)组成的膨胀阻燃剂(IFR),对乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)与聚酰胺6(PA6)组成的EVA/PA6聚合物合金进行了阻燃改性。采用氧指数和垂直燃烧法,研究了IFR对EVA/PA6聚合物合金阻燃性能的影响,并测试了其力学性能。采用扫描电子显微镜对阻燃聚合物残炭形貌进行了表征。研究结果表明:随着IFR质量分数的增加,EVA/PA6聚合物合金的氧指数不断增大。当IFR质量分数为28%、m(EVA)∶m(PA6)=4∶1时,EVA/PA6聚合物合金显示出较优的阻燃性,此时极限氧指数为34.3%,垂直燃烧达到UL 94 V-0级。EVA/PA6阻燃聚合物合金的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随着IFR质量分数的增加而逐渐降低。
The flame retardant modification of EVA/PA6 polymer alloy composed of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA) and polyamide 6(PA6) was carried out by using intumescent flame retardant(IFR) composed of ammonium polyphosphate(APP) and pentaerythritol(PER).The effects of IFR mass fractin on the flame retardancy of EVA/PA6 polymer alloys were studied by means of limiting oxygen index and vertical burning test. The mechanical properties were tested. The morphology of carbon residue of flame retardant polymer was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results show that the limiting oxygen index of EVA/PA6 polymer alloy increases continuously with the increase of IFR content.The limiting oxygen index(LOI) is 34.3% and vertical combustion level of the flame retardant EVA/PA6 alloy reaches UL 94 V-0 when IFR mass fraction is 28% and m(EVA)∶m(PA6) = 4∶1.The tensile strength and the break elongation of the flame retardant EVA/PA6 alloy gradually decrease with the increase of flame retardant mass fraction.
The flame retardant modification of EVA/PA6 polymer alloy composed of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA) and polyamide 6(PA6) was carried out by using intumescent flame retardant(IFR) composed of ammonium polyphosphate(APP) and pentaerythritol(PER).The effects of IFR mass fractin on the flame retardancy of EVA/PA6 polymer alloys were studied by means of limiting oxygen index and vertical burning test. The mechanical properties were tested. The morphology of carbon residue of flame retardant polymer was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results show that the limiting oxygen index of EVA/PA6 polymer alloy increases continuously with the increase of IFR content.The limiting oxygen index(LOI) is 34.3% and vertical combustion level of the flame retardant EVA/PA6 alloy reaches UL 94 V-0 when IFR mass fraction is 28% and m(EVA)∶m(PA6) = 4∶1.The tensile strength and the break elongation of the flame retardant EVA/PA6 alloy gradually decrease with the increase of flame retardant mass fraction.
引文
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[2] KALALI E N,JUAN S D,WANG X,et al.Comparative study on synergistic effect of LDH and zirconium phosphate with aluminum trihydroxide on flame retardancy of EVA composites[J].Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry,2015,121(2):619-626.
[3] 王润生,马静,姚艳梅,等.聚丙烯酸酯核壳粒子的制备及其增韧尼龙6的研究[J].塑料工业,2015,43(10):40-43,47.
[4] 孙文奎,周松,马俊辉,等.EVA-g-MAH对CaSO4晶须/尼龙6复合材料性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(8):1645-1652.
[5] 肖永聪,王文强,张爱民.尼龙弹性体/苯乙烯-马来酸酐接枝共聚物对尼龙6结构及性能影响[J].塑料工业,2018,46(4):51-54.
[6] GIANG T ,HOANG D,KIM J.Effect of intumescent compositions on flammable properties of ethylene vinyl acetate and polypropylene [J].Fire and materials,2017,41(7):857-863.
[7] 肖媛芳,许家友.红磷改性MCA阻燃PA6性能研究[J].工程塑料应用,2016,44(1):45-48.
[8] CASETTA M,MICHAUX G,OHL B,et al.Key role of magnesium hydroxide surface treatment in the flame retardancy of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6[J].Polymer degradation and stability,2018,148:95-103.
[9] 陈涛,许肖丽,汪济奎,等.无卤膨胀阻燃剂研究进展[J].上海塑料,2017(4):1-8.
[10] 丁耀莹,仪德启,杨荣杰.耐水型膨胀阻燃剂对阻燃聚丙烯性能的影响[J].合成树脂及塑料,2016,33(5):7-10.
[11] HUANG J G,LIANG M Y,FENG C M et al.Synergistic effects of 4A zeolite on the flame-retardant properties and thermal stability of an efficient halogen-free flame-retardant EVA composite[J].Polymer engineering and science,2016,56(4):380-387.
[12] 白洁,薛宝霞,杨雅茹,等.壳聚糖/聚磷酸铵膨胀阻燃PP的阻燃及抑烟性能[J].工程塑料应用,2017,45(7):119-123.
[13] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局.塑料用氧指数法测定燃烧行为:GB/T 2046.2—2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[14] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局.塑料燃烧性能的测定:GB/T 2408—2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[15] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局.塑料拉伸性能的测定:GB/T 1040—2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[16] 王迪,姚泽昊,朱文利.膨胀型阻燃剂对聚丙烯阻燃改性的研究进展[J].塑料科技,2017,45(12):107-112.
[17] 陈柳丫,李星,罗康碧,等.膨胀型阻燃剂的研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2013,41(8):22-23.
[18] 叶淑英.几种无卤膨胀型阻燃剂对聚丙烯性能的影响[J].塑料工业,2017,45(7):120-123.
[19] 肖振雨,陈俊,蔡博伟,等.新型三嗪类复配阻燃剂对PP阻燃及力学性能的影[J].塑料工业,2018,46(3):114-119.