煤热解气相焦油原位催化裂解提质研究进展
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摘要
煤热解是实现低阶煤分质高效利用的重要途径之一。煤热解气相焦油原位催化裂解实现焦油的轻质化,在近几年得到了较广泛的关注和研究。本文从煤热解气相焦油催化裂解提质工艺的优势、催化剂和反应器等方面对近几年的研究进展进行了综述,分析了金属氧化物、炭材料、碳基负载型催化剂、分子筛、分子筛负载型催化剂以及其它负载型催化剂,在煤热解气相焦油催化裂解提质过程中的性能、影响因素及机理,对比分析了不同反应器的性能特点和优缺点,对未来的研究重点进行了分析和展望。
Coal pyrolysis is one of the important ways to achieve high quality utilization of low rank coal.In situ catalytic cracking of gaseous tar from coal pyrolysis has been widely reported in recent years to achieve upgraded coal tar. This paper reviewed the advantage of catalytic cracking and upgrading of in situ coal pyrolysis gaseous tar and the research progress of catalyst,reactor and other aspects of this process in recent years. The performance of different catalysts,including metal oxides,carbon materials,carbon based supported catalysts,molecular sieve,supported molecular sieve catalysts and other supported catalysts,in catalytic cracking and upgrading of in situ coal pyrolysis gaseous tar are comparatively analyzed and discussed,as well as the influencing factors and mechanism. The performance characteristics,advantages and disadvantages of different reactors are compared and analyzed. At last,the future research focuses are analyzed and prospected.
Coal pyrolysis is one of the important ways to achieve high quality utilization of low rank coal.In situ catalytic cracking of gaseous tar from coal pyrolysis has been widely reported in recent years to achieve upgraded coal tar. This paper reviewed the advantage of catalytic cracking and upgrading of in situ coal pyrolysis gaseous tar and the research progress of catalyst,reactor and other aspects of this process in recent years. The performance of different catalysts,including metal oxides,carbon materials,carbon based supported catalysts,molecular sieve,supported molecular sieve catalysts and other supported catalysts,in catalytic cracking and upgrading of in situ coal pyrolysis gaseous tar are comparatively analyzed and discussed,as well as the influencing factors and mechanism. The performance characteristics,advantages and disadvantages of different reactors are compared and analyzed. At last,the future research focuses are analyzed and prospected.
引文
[1]赵鹏,李文博,梁江朋,等.低阶煤提质技术现状及发展建议[J].洁净煤技术,2015,21(1):37-40.
[2]Demirbas A.Potential applications of renewable energy sources,biomass combustion problems in boiler power systems and combustion related environmental issues[J].Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2005,31(2):171-192.
[3]张国才,余元军.低温煤焦油加工方法和研究现状[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2011,31(10):295.
[4]王向辉,门卓武,许明,等.低阶煤粉煤热解提质技术研究现状及发展建议[J].洁净煤技术,2014,20(6):36-41.
[5]Li C,Suzuki K.Resources,properties and utilization of tar[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2010,54(11):905-915.
[6]Han J,Liu X,Yue J,et al.Catalytic upgrading of in situ coal pyrolysis tar over Ni-char catalyst with different additives[J].Energy&Fuels,2014,28(8):4934-4941.
[7]杨修春,韦亚南,李伟捷.焦油裂解用催化剂的研究进展[J].化工进展,2007,26(3):326-330.
[8]闫伦靖.煤焦油气相催化裂解生成轻质芳烃的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2016.
[9]Jia Y B,Huang J J,Wang Y.Effects of calcium oxide on the cracking of coal tar in the freeboard of a fluidized bed[J].Energy&Fuels,2004,18(6):1625-1632.
[10]Jia Y B,Huang J J,Wang Y.Influence of calcium oxide on tar cracking in freeboard of fluidized bed[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2004,33(5):552-556.
[11]Li L,Morishita K,Takarada T.Light fuel gas production from nascent coal volatiles using a natural limonite ore[J].Fuel,2007,86(10):1570-1576.
[12]Wang Y,Zhao R,Zhang C,et al.The investigation of reducing PAHs emission from coal pyrolysis by gaseous catalytic cracking[J].The Scientific World Journal,2014,(6):528413.
[13]刘殊远,汪印,武荣成,等.热态半焦和冷态半焦催化裂解煤焦油研究[J].燃料化学学报,2013,41(9):1041-1049.
[14]陈宗定,张书,王芳杰,等.活化前后半焦原位催化重整褐煤热解焦油研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(11):105-110.
[15]Jin L,Bai X,Li Y,et al.In-situ catalytic upgrading of coal pyrolysis tar on carbon-based catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2016,147:41-46.
[16]白晓瑀.煤热解与炭基催化剂裂解耦合提高油气品质[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.
[17]Han J,Wang X,Yue J,et al.Catalytic upgrading of coal pyrolysis tar over char-based catalysts[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2014,122(1):98-106.
[18]王兴栋,韩江则,陆江银,等.半焦基催化剂裂解煤热解产物提高油气品质[J].化工学报,2012,63(12):3897-3905.
[19]Yan L,Kong X,Zhao R,et al.Catalytic upgrading of gaseous tars over zeolite catalysts during coal pyrolysis[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2015,138:424-429.
[20]Takarada T,Onoyama Y,Takayama K,et al.Hydropyrolysis of coal in a pressurized powder-particle fluidized bed using several catalysts[J].Catalysis Today,1997,39(1/2):127-136.
[21]Chareonpanich M,Zhang Z,Nishijima A,et al.Effect of catalysts on yields of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in hydrocracking of coal volatile matter[J].Fuel,1995,74(11):1636-1640.
[22]Chareonpanich M,Takeda T,Yamashita H,et al.Catalytic hydrocracking reaction of nascent coal volatile matter under high pressure[J].Fuel,1994,73(5):666-670.
[23]Kong X,Bai Y,Yan L,et al.Catalytic upgrading of coal gaseous tar over Y-type zeolites[J].Fuel,2016,180:205-210.
[24]邹献武,姚建中,杨学民,等.喷动-载流床中Co/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂对煤热解的催化作用[J].过程工程学报,2007,7(6):1107-1113.
[25]高超.新疆和丰煤热解及其热解焦油的催化裂解性能研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2015.
[26]Li G,Yan L,Zhao R,et al.Improving aromatic hydrocarbons yield from coal pyrolysis volatile products over HZSM-5 and Mo-modified HZSM-5[J].Fuel,2014,130:154-159.
[27]Liu T,Cao J,Zhao X,et al.In situ upgrading of Shengli lignite pyrolysis vapors over metal-loaded HZSM-5 catalyst[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2017,160:19-26.
[28]Amin M N,Li Y,Razzaq R,et al.Pyrolysis of low rank coal by nickel based zeolite catalysts in the two-staged bed reactor[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2016,118:54-62.
[29]Nelson P F,Tyler R J.Catalytic reactions of products from the rapid hydropyrolysis of coal at atmospheric pressure[J].Energy&Fuels,1989,3(4):488-494.
[30]Sonoyama N,Nobuta K,Kimura T,et al.Production of chemicals by cracking pyrolytic tar from Loy Yang coal over iron oxide catalysts in a steam atmosphere[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2011,92(4):771-775.
[31]Li Y,Amin M N,Lu X,et al.Pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading of low-rank coal using a Ni O/Mg O-Al2O3catalyst[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2016,155:194-200.
[2]Demirbas A.Potential applications of renewable energy sources,biomass combustion problems in boiler power systems and combustion related environmental issues[J].Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2005,31(2):171-192.
[3]张国才,余元军.低温煤焦油加工方法和研究现状[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2011,31(10):295.
[4]王向辉,门卓武,许明,等.低阶煤粉煤热解提质技术研究现状及发展建议[J].洁净煤技术,2014,20(6):36-41.
[5]Li C,Suzuki K.Resources,properties and utilization of tar[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2010,54(11):905-915.
[6]Han J,Liu X,Yue J,et al.Catalytic upgrading of in situ coal pyrolysis tar over Ni-char catalyst with different additives[J].Energy&Fuels,2014,28(8):4934-4941.
[7]杨修春,韦亚南,李伟捷.焦油裂解用催化剂的研究进展[J].化工进展,2007,26(3):326-330.
[8]闫伦靖.煤焦油气相催化裂解生成轻质芳烃的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2016.
[9]Jia Y B,Huang J J,Wang Y.Effects of calcium oxide on the cracking of coal tar in the freeboard of a fluidized bed[J].Energy&Fuels,2004,18(6):1625-1632.
[10]Jia Y B,Huang J J,Wang Y.Influence of calcium oxide on tar cracking in freeboard of fluidized bed[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2004,33(5):552-556.
[11]Li L,Morishita K,Takarada T.Light fuel gas production from nascent coal volatiles using a natural limonite ore[J].Fuel,2007,86(10):1570-1576.
[12]Wang Y,Zhao R,Zhang C,et al.The investigation of reducing PAHs emission from coal pyrolysis by gaseous catalytic cracking[J].The Scientific World Journal,2014,(6):528413.
[13]刘殊远,汪印,武荣成,等.热态半焦和冷态半焦催化裂解煤焦油研究[J].燃料化学学报,2013,41(9):1041-1049.
[14]陈宗定,张书,王芳杰,等.活化前后半焦原位催化重整褐煤热解焦油研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(11):105-110.
[15]Jin L,Bai X,Li Y,et al.In-situ catalytic upgrading of coal pyrolysis tar on carbon-based catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2016,147:41-46.
[16]白晓瑀.煤热解与炭基催化剂裂解耦合提高油气品质[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.
[17]Han J,Wang X,Yue J,et al.Catalytic upgrading of coal pyrolysis tar over char-based catalysts[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2014,122(1):98-106.
[18]王兴栋,韩江则,陆江银,等.半焦基催化剂裂解煤热解产物提高油气品质[J].化工学报,2012,63(12):3897-3905.
[19]Yan L,Kong X,Zhao R,et al.Catalytic upgrading of gaseous tars over zeolite catalysts during coal pyrolysis[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2015,138:424-429.
[20]Takarada T,Onoyama Y,Takayama K,et al.Hydropyrolysis of coal in a pressurized powder-particle fluidized bed using several catalysts[J].Catalysis Today,1997,39(1/2):127-136.
[21]Chareonpanich M,Zhang Z,Nishijima A,et al.Effect of catalysts on yields of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in hydrocracking of coal volatile matter[J].Fuel,1995,74(11):1636-1640.
[22]Chareonpanich M,Takeda T,Yamashita H,et al.Catalytic hydrocracking reaction of nascent coal volatile matter under high pressure[J].Fuel,1994,73(5):666-670.
[23]Kong X,Bai Y,Yan L,et al.Catalytic upgrading of coal gaseous tar over Y-type zeolites[J].Fuel,2016,180:205-210.
[24]邹献武,姚建中,杨学民,等.喷动-载流床中Co/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂对煤热解的催化作用[J].过程工程学报,2007,7(6):1107-1113.
[25]高超.新疆和丰煤热解及其热解焦油的催化裂解性能研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2015.
[26]Li G,Yan L,Zhao R,et al.Improving aromatic hydrocarbons yield from coal pyrolysis volatile products over HZSM-5 and Mo-modified HZSM-5[J].Fuel,2014,130:154-159.
[27]Liu T,Cao J,Zhao X,et al.In situ upgrading of Shengli lignite pyrolysis vapors over metal-loaded HZSM-5 catalyst[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2017,160:19-26.
[28]Amin M N,Li Y,Razzaq R,et al.Pyrolysis of low rank coal by nickel based zeolite catalysts in the two-staged bed reactor[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2016,118:54-62.
[29]Nelson P F,Tyler R J.Catalytic reactions of products from the rapid hydropyrolysis of coal at atmospheric pressure[J].Energy&Fuels,1989,3(4):488-494.
[30]Sonoyama N,Nobuta K,Kimura T,et al.Production of chemicals by cracking pyrolytic tar from Loy Yang coal over iron oxide catalysts in a steam atmosphere[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2011,92(4):771-775.
[31]Li Y,Amin M N,Lu X,et al.Pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading of low-rank coal using a Ni O/Mg O-Al2O3catalyst[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2016,155:194-200.