枯草芽孢杆菌对苦瓜生长、产量和矿质元素吸收的影响
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摘要
为了给枯草芽孢杆菌在苦瓜上的应用提供科学依据,研究了根施不同浓度枯草芽孢杆菌对苦瓜生长、光合特性、产量和养分吸收的影响。以‘桂农科六号’苦瓜为供试材料,采用模糊综合评判方法,综合评判根施枯草芽孢杆菌8×10~5、4×10~5、2×10~5CFU·mL~(-1)对苦瓜的株高,茎粗,叶片数,叶片SPAD值,叶片全氮、全磷、全钾含量,瓜长,瓜横茎,瓜肉厚和小区产量的影响。结果发现,根施8×105CFU·mL~(-1)枯草芽孢杆菌后,茎粗和叶片数分别比对照增加7.14%和2.54%,叶片全钾含量比对照增加了4.00%,瓜长、瓜横茎、瓜肉厚及小区产量与对照相比分别增加了0.65%、2.02%、3.67%和2.96%。根据隶属函数的计算结果,各处理的强弱顺序为8×105CFU·mL-1> 4×105CFU·mL-1>空白处理> 2×105CFU·mL~(-1)。
To study the effect of Bacillus subtilis root application on bitter gourd growth, photosynthetic characteristics,yield and nutrient absorption characteristics were measured. Bitter gourd cv.‘guinongke 6'was treated by rood application of Bacillus subtilis diluted by 8×10~5, 4×10~5and 2×10~5CFU · mL~(-1). The effect of plant height, stem diameter, blade numbe, fruit length, fruit width, flesh thickness, yield per plot, SPAD of leaf, and total N, P, K of leaf were evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the T1 treatment(8 × 10~5 CFU · mL-1)was the best. Compared with the contrast, the stem diameter, leaf number were increased by 7.14 % and 2.54 %, respectively. The total K of leaf was increased by 4.00%. The fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, and yield per plot were increased by 0.65%,2.02%, 3.67% and 2.96%, respectively. According to the result of comprehensive evaluation, the significance among the treatments was as followed: 8×105CFU· mL~(-1)> 4×10~5CFU· mL~(-1)> control> 2×105CFU· mL~(-1).
To study the effect of Bacillus subtilis root application on bitter gourd growth, photosynthetic characteristics,yield and nutrient absorption characteristics were measured. Bitter gourd cv.‘guinongke 6'was treated by rood application of Bacillus subtilis diluted by 8×10~5, 4×10~5and 2×10~5CFU · mL~(-1). The effect of plant height, stem diameter, blade numbe, fruit length, fruit width, flesh thickness, yield per plot, SPAD of leaf, and total N, P, K of leaf were evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the T1 treatment(8 × 10~5 CFU · mL-1)was the best. Compared with the contrast, the stem diameter, leaf number were increased by 7.14 % and 2.54 %, respectively. The total K of leaf was increased by 4.00%. The fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, and yield per plot were increased by 0.65%,2.02%, 3.67% and 2.96%, respectively. According to the result of comprehensive evaluation, the significance among the treatments was as followed: 8×105CFU· mL~(-1)> 4×10~5CFU· mL~(-1)> control> 2×105CFU· mL~(-1).
引文
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[16]张梦琦,陈云云,张熙,等.多功能植物根际促生菌DD3的功能特性及对大蒜幼苗的促生效果[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(3):748-756.
[17]张爱民,李乃康,赵钢勇,等.土壤中解磷、解钾微生物研究进展[J].河北大学学报(自然科学版),2015,35(4):442-448.
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[19]张淑梅,王玉霞,李晶,等.基因标记枯草芽孢杆菌BS-68A在黄瓜上定殖[J].生物技术,2006,16(4):73-74.
[20]李晶,孙宇峰,张淑梅,等.枯草芽孢杆菌水剂防治黄瓜枯萎病田间防效研究[J].生物技术,2004,14(5):77-78.
[2]郭培国,李荣华,夏岩石,等.高温胁迫对苦瓜生理特性影响的分析[J].广州大学学报(自然科学版),2013,12(2):24-29.
[3]陈振东,宋焕忠,秦健,等.苦瓜枯萎病的发生与防治[J].中国蔬菜,2016(7):87-89.
[4]田丽波,杨衍,商桑,等.不同苦瓜品系的抗白粉病能力及其与防御酶活性的相关性[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2015,46(3):284-291.
[5]李明,双宝,李海涛,等.枯草芽孢杆菌的研究与应用[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(9):111-114.
[6]薛智勇,何福恒,章锦秋,等.芽孢杆菌接种剂对马铃薯的增产效果[J].中国马铃薯,1993(2):107-110.
[7]张栋海,蔡志平,李克福,等.枯草芽孢杆菌粉剂对棉花的防病与促进生长效果[J].中国棉花,2012,39(2):40-42.
[8]孙中华,赵铂锤,陈仕红,等.枯草芽孢杆菌B67对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响[J].中国瓜菜,2017,30(2):15-18.
[9]李伟,王金亭.枯草芽孢杆菌与解磷细菌对苹果园土壤特性及果实品质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(3):140-144.
[10]韩晓阳,周波,侯剑.山东茶园土壤高活性解钾细菌的筛选鉴定及肥效研究[J].茶叶科学,2018,38(1):78-86.
[11]邓惠惠,白龙强,于贤昌,等.日光温室早春黄瓜叶片喷施赤霉素对生长和生理及产量的影响[J].园艺学报,2016,43(5):983-990.
[12]沈镝,李锡香.苦瓜种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008:17-18.
[13]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:67-281.
[14]李新建,罗维钢,黄忠华,等.基于模糊数学的糖料蔗不同灌溉制度研究[J].节水灌溉,2015(8):45-49.
[15]蔡学清,何红,胡方平.内生菌BS-2对辣椒苗的促生作用及对内源激素的影响[J].亚热带农业研究,2005,1(4):49-52.
[16]张梦琦,陈云云,张熙,等.多功能植物根际促生菌DD3的功能特性及对大蒜幼苗的促生效果[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(3):748-756.
[17]张爱民,李乃康,赵钢勇,等.土壤中解磷、解钾微生物研究进展[J].河北大学学报(自然科学版),2015,35(4):442-448.
[18]邢鲲,韩巨才,刘慧平,等.油菜内生细菌yc8促生作用及其机理研究[J].华北农学报,2007,22(5):180-183.
[19]张淑梅,王玉霞,李晶,等.基因标记枯草芽孢杆菌BS-68A在黄瓜上定殖[J].生物技术,2006,16(4):73-74.
[20]李晶,孙宇峰,张淑梅,等.枯草芽孢杆菌水剂防治黄瓜枯萎病田间防效研究[J].生物技术,2004,14(5):77-78.