基于耦合目标的近场双站散射测试方法
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摘要
对于近场散射测试中存在多次耦合目标,从近场数据外推远场雷达散射截面时,需要完备的双站散射信息。传统的双站散射测试方法中,远场观测点的数目等于扫描面上的天线数目,测量所需时间成倍增加,难以工程化。因此,根据截断角域的选取原则,结合采样间隔设计了一种"一发多收结合转台旋转"的近场散射测试方法,用以验证"多发多收"双站模式的近远场外推方法的有效性和误差大小。通过在微波暗室对二面角进行测试,验证了该外推算法的正确性以及实验系统的可行性。
In near field scattering measurement,for acquiring the radar cross section of targets which have multiple interactions,near-field to far-field transformation require the full bistatic near-field measurements.However,with traditional bistatic near-field scattering measurement,it is assumed that the number of observations in far-field is equal to the number of antennas on the scanning plane,which would multiply the time cost and make it hard to be applied in practice.Therefore,a method is proposed to reduce the testing angle region and combine a system consisting of one transmitting antenna,multiple receiving antennas and the rotation of platform,to verify its effectiveness.Finally,the results for testing a dihedral angle in the microwave anechoic chamber have been given to prove its correctness and feasibility.
In near field scattering measurement,for acquiring the radar cross section of targets which have multiple interactions,near-field to far-field transformation require the full bistatic near-field measurements.However,with traditional bistatic near-field scattering measurement,it is assumed that the number of observations in far-field is equal to the number of antennas on the scanning plane,which would multiply the time cost and make it hard to be applied in practice.Therefore,a method is proposed to reduce the testing angle region and combine a system consisting of one transmitting antenna,multiple receiving antennas and the rotation of platform,to verify its effectiveness.Finally,the results for testing a dihedral angle in the microwave anechoic chamber have been given to prove its correctness and feasibility.
引文
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[21]徐志浩,李南京,胡楚锋,等.近场散射测量中的天线方向图修正[J].系统工程与电子技术,2017,39(11):2399-2404.XU Z H,LI N J,HU C F,et al.Antenna pattern correction in near-field scattering measurement[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2017,39(11):2399-2404.
[22]党娇娇,李南京,胡楚峰,等.耦合目标近场散射外推技术研究[J].电子学报,2017,45(6):1327-1333.DANG J J,LI N J,HU C F,et al.Near-field extrapolation technique for coupling targets[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2017,45(6):1327-1333.
[23]DANG J J,LUO Y,SONG Z X,et al.The truncation region to predict the far-field RCS from the bistatic near-field[J].IEEE Trans.on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2018,60(5):1463-1469.
[24]BUCCI O M.On the spatial bandwidth of scattered fields[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,1987,35(12):1445-1455.
[25]张乐锋,吴建辉,胡卫东.雷达目标特性的毫米波紧缩场测量方法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2014,36(7):1275-1281.ZHANG L F,WU J H,HU W D.MMW CATR measurement for target radar signature[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2014,36(7):1275-1281.
[2]CUMMINGS W A.Radiation measurements at radio frequencies:a survey of current techniques[J].Proceedings of the IRE,1959,47(5):705-735.
[3]KENNEDY P D.Equipment and techniques for the measurement of radar reflections from model targets[C]∥Proc.of the WESCON Convention Record,1957:208-215.
[4]Rome Air Development Center.Radar reflectivity measurements symposium,RADC-TDR-64-25[R].New York:Tech Document Report,1964.
[5]HUYNEN J R.Measurement of the target scattering matrix[C]∥Proc.of the IEEE Special Issue on Radar Reflectivity,1965:936-946.
[6]IEEE recommended practice for radar cross-section test procedures[M].IEEE,2007.
[7]张福顺,焦永昌,马金平.辐射、散射近场测量及近场成像技术的研究进展[J].西安电子科技大学学报,1999,26(5):651-656.ZHANG F S,JIAO Y C,MA J P.The state of the art of near field techniques for radiation,targets scattering measurements and object imaging[J].Journal of Xidian University,1999,26(5):651-656.
[8]张麟兮,李南京,胡楚锋,等.雷达目标散射特性测试与成像诊断[M].北京:中国宇航出版社,2009.ZHANG L X,LI N J,HU C F.et al.Radar target scattering characteristic test and imaging diagnosis[M].Beijing:China Aerospace Press,2009.
[9]YARDIM F E,AKCAM N.Estimation of radar cross-section in rayleigh,MIE,and optical regions by the 2-D-FDTD simulation[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,2014,62(11):5782-5789.
[10]何国瑜,陈海波,苗俊刚,等.近场散射与远场RCS的链条关系[J].微波学报,2006,22(4):1-4.HE G Y,CHEN H B,MIAO J G,et al.Chain relation of the near field scattering and far field RCS[J].Journal of Microwaves.2006,22(4):1-4.
[11]THOMAS V,THOMAS F E.Comparison and application of near-field ISAR imaging techniques for far-field radar cross section determination[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,2006,54(1):144-151.
[12]MELIN J.Measuring radar cross section at short distance[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,1987,35(8):991-996.
[13]OSIPOV A,KOBAYASHII H,SUZUKI H.An improved image-based circular near-field-to-far-field transformation[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,2013,61(2):989-993.
[14]SCHNATTINGER G,MAUERMAYER R A M,EIBERT T F.Monostatic radar cross section near-field far-field transformations by multilevel plane-wave decomposition[J].IEEETrans.on Antennas and Propagation,2014,62(8):4259-4268.
[15]LAHAIE I J.Overview of an image-based technique for predicting far-field radar cross section from near-field measurement[J].IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine,2003,45(6):159-169.
[16]RICE S A,LAHAIE I J.A partial rotation formulation of the circular near-field to far-field transformation(CNFFFT)[J].IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine,2007,49(3):209-214.
[17]WEI G Y,YUAN W Z,GAO F,et al.An accurate monostatic RCS measurement method based on the extrapolation technique[C]∥Proc.of the 9th IEEE International Conference on Communication Software and Networks,2017:784-788.
[18]高超,袁晓峰,肖志河,等.及与散射分布函数模型的近远场变换技术[J].电波科学学报,2015,30(20):371-377.GAO C,YUAN X F,XIAO Z H,et al.Near-field to farfield transformation based on reflectivity distribution model[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2015,30(20):371-377.
[19]马红星,陈玉林.平面近场测试中探头补偿方法的研究[J].火控雷达技术,2015,44(1):71-74.MA H X,CHEN Y L.Probe compensation in near field plane measurement[J].Fire Control Radar Technology,2015,44(1):71-74.
[20]张晓玲,陈明领,廖可非,等.基于三维SAR成像的RCS近远场变换方法研究[J].电子信息学报,2015,37(2):297-302.ZHANG X L,CHEN M L,LIAO K F,et al.Research on methods of targets’RCS near-field-to-far-field transformation based on 3-D SAR imaging[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2015,37(2):297-302.
[21]徐志浩,李南京,胡楚锋,等.近场散射测量中的天线方向图修正[J].系统工程与电子技术,2017,39(11):2399-2404.XU Z H,LI N J,HU C F,et al.Antenna pattern correction in near-field scattering measurement[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2017,39(11):2399-2404.
[22]党娇娇,李南京,胡楚峰,等.耦合目标近场散射外推技术研究[J].电子学报,2017,45(6):1327-1333.DANG J J,LI N J,HU C F,et al.Near-field extrapolation technique for coupling targets[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2017,45(6):1327-1333.
[23]DANG J J,LUO Y,SONG Z X,et al.The truncation region to predict the far-field RCS from the bistatic near-field[J].IEEE Trans.on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2018,60(5):1463-1469.
[24]BUCCI O M.On the spatial bandwidth of scattered fields[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,1987,35(12):1445-1455.
[25]张乐锋,吴建辉,胡卫东.雷达目标特性的毫米波紧缩场测量方法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2014,36(7):1275-1281.ZHANG L F,WU J H,HU W D.MMW CATR measurement for target radar signature[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2014,36(7):1275-1281.