紫色甘薯地膜覆盖栽培技术研究
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摘要
为了探索紫色甘薯高产栽培技术,以不覆膜为对照,研究了黑膜和白膜对绵渝紫11鲜薯产量、大中薯率和经济效益的影响。结果表明,覆膜能显著提高紫色甘薯的鲜薯产量,覆黑膜和白膜比不覆膜分别增产14.64%和7.81%,其中覆黑膜增产极显著;覆膜后紫色甘薯的大中薯率分别提高15.54个百分点和14.72个百分点;覆膜还能提高紫色甘薯种植的经济效益,增加投入产出比,覆盖黑膜,紫色甘薯净收益增加11 643.90元/hm~2,收益增加52.73%;覆盖白膜,紫色甘薯净收益增加8 799.80元/hm~2,收益增加39.85%。覆膜后,增产增收效果非常显著,其中以覆盖黑膜效果最佳,在紫色甘薯种植中,推荐黑色地膜覆盖栽培技术。
In order to explore the high-yield cultural technology of purple sweet potato, black plastic film and white plastic film were used to study the effect of plastic mulching on fresh yield, rate of large and medium-sized tuber and economic benefit of purple sweet potato variety Mianyuzi 11. The results showed that plastic mulching could significantly increase the fresh yield of purple sweet potato. Compared to no plastic mulching, black plastic mulching and white plastic mulching increased the fresh yield by 14.64% and 7.81% and increased the rate of large and medium-sized tuber by 15.54% and14.72%, respectively. Plastic mulching could also improve the economic benefit of purple sweet potato and increase the input-output ratio. The net income increased 11 643.90 yuan/hm~2 by black plastic film mulching, with an increase of 52.73%.The net income increased 8 799.80 yuan/hm~2 by white plastic film mulching, with an increase of 39.85%. The effect of increasing fresh yield and economic benefit by plastic mulching was very significant, especially by black plastic film mulching.Therefore we recommend the black plastic film mulching in purple sweet potato planting.
In order to explore the high-yield cultural technology of purple sweet potato, black plastic film and white plastic film were used to study the effect of plastic mulching on fresh yield, rate of large and medium-sized tuber and economic benefit of purple sweet potato variety Mianyuzi 11. The results showed that plastic mulching could significantly increase the fresh yield of purple sweet potato. Compared to no plastic mulching, black plastic mulching and white plastic mulching increased the fresh yield by 14.64% and 7.81% and increased the rate of large and medium-sized tuber by 15.54% and14.72%, respectively. Plastic mulching could also improve the economic benefit of purple sweet potato and increase the input-output ratio. The net income increased 11 643.90 yuan/hm~2 by black plastic film mulching, with an increase of 52.73%.The net income increased 8 799.80 yuan/hm~2 by white plastic film mulching, with an increase of 39.85%. The effect of increasing fresh yield and economic benefit by plastic mulching was very significant, especially by black plastic film mulching.Therefore we recommend the black plastic film mulching in purple sweet potato planting.
引文
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[5]张磊,林祖军,刘维正,等.黑色地膜对甘薯光合作用及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(18):80-86.
[6]宋吉轩,毛堂芳,李云.地膜覆盖对食用型甘薯生理特性及产量的影响[J].农技服务,2012,29(8):920-921.
[7]丁凡,余金龙,余韩开宗,等.高淀粉甘薯品种绵南薯10号地膜覆盖高产栽培技术研究[J].作物杂志,2013(6):110-113.
[8]刘丽莎,唐明双,黄迎冬,等.地膜覆盖对甘薯土壤含水量及土层温度的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(9):76-78.
[9]刘丽莎,何素兰,李育明,等.四川丘陵地区地膜覆盖对甘薯营养生长和产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(5):82-84.
[10]丁凡,余金龙,刘丽芳,等.甘薯新品种绵渝紫11的选育及栽培技术[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(10):63,66.
[11]张允刚,房伯平.甘薯种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.79.
[12]陈发炜,赵建国.山区覆盖地膜甘薯增产原理与高产开发技术[J].农业科技通讯,2001(6):5-6.
[13]苏文瑾,雷剑,王连军,等.不同地膜覆盖对淀粉型和紫色甘薯生长发育的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(22):5417-5420.
[2]WANG X F.High-yielding culture techniques for planting sweetpotato covered with plastic film[J].Guangxi Agriculture Cultural Science,2005,36(2):179-180.
[3]吕周林,吕德伟,邓建平,等.旱地间套种夏甘薯的各种覆盖物增产效果[J].作物杂志,2000(1):29-30.
[4]姜成选,张学芝,于文东.甘薯覆膜栽培的生物效应及增产机理初探[J].作物杂志,1998(1):25-26.
[5]张磊,林祖军,刘维正,等.黑色地膜对甘薯光合作用及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(18):80-86.
[6]宋吉轩,毛堂芳,李云.地膜覆盖对食用型甘薯生理特性及产量的影响[J].农技服务,2012,29(8):920-921.
[7]丁凡,余金龙,余韩开宗,等.高淀粉甘薯品种绵南薯10号地膜覆盖高产栽培技术研究[J].作物杂志,2013(6):110-113.
[8]刘丽莎,唐明双,黄迎冬,等.地膜覆盖对甘薯土壤含水量及土层温度的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(9):76-78.
[9]刘丽莎,何素兰,李育明,等.四川丘陵地区地膜覆盖对甘薯营养生长和产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(5):82-84.
[10]丁凡,余金龙,刘丽芳,等.甘薯新品种绵渝紫11的选育及栽培技术[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(10):63,66.
[11]张允刚,房伯平.甘薯种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.79.
[12]陈发炜,赵建国.山区覆盖地膜甘薯增产原理与高产开发技术[J].农业科技通讯,2001(6):5-6.
[13]苏文瑾,雷剑,王连军,等.不同地膜覆盖对淀粉型和紫色甘薯生长发育的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(22):5417-5420.