外加纵向磁场对5083铝合金P-GMAW过程的影响
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摘要
对厚度10 mm的5083铝合金板材进行P-GMAW堆焊试验,在焊接电流240 A的条件下,对比研究有无外加纵向磁场条件下P-GMAW过程中电弧形态、熔滴过渡和熔池行为的差异。结果表明:外加纵向磁场使得电弧快速旋转,弧长变短,熔滴受到切向力作用而旋转,熔滴过渡时出现明显的缩颈,熔池表面出现灰色漂浮物,熔池左右两侧表面波纹不均匀,熔池轮廓向一侧偏移;外加纵向磁场不会改变电弧形态和熔滴过渡的对称性,但是会使熔池受到外加电磁力作用,影响熔池流动的对称性,从而使焊缝偏移。
The P-GMAW is carried out on a 5083 aluminum alloy sheet with a thickness of 10 mm. Under the condition of welding current of 240 A,the arc shape,metal transfer and molten pool behavior during P-GMAW process with or without external longitudinal magnetic field are compared. The results show that the external magnetic field causes the arc to rotate rapidly,the arc length becomes shorter,the droplet is rotated by the tangential force,the neck is obviously constricted during the droplet transfer,and the gray floating object appears on the surface of the molten pool. The corrugation on both sides of the molten pool is uneven,and the contour of molten pool is shifted to one side;the external longitudinal magnetic field does not change the symmetry of arc shape and metal transition,but the molten pool is subjected to an external electromagnetic force,which affects the symmetry of the molten pool flow,thereby the weld offset appears.
The P-GMAW is carried out on a 5083 aluminum alloy sheet with a thickness of 10 mm. Under the condition of welding current of 240 A,the arc shape,metal transfer and molten pool behavior during P-GMAW process with or without external longitudinal magnetic field are compared. The results show that the external magnetic field causes the arc to rotate rapidly,the arc length becomes shorter,the droplet is rotated by the tangential force,the neck is obviously constricted during the droplet transfer,and the gray floating object appears on the surface of the molten pool. The corrugation on both sides of the molten pool is uneven,and the contour of molten pool is shifted to one side;the external longitudinal magnetic field does not change the symmetry of arc shape and metal transition,but the molten pool is subjected to an external electromagnetic force,which affects the symmetry of the molten pool flow,thereby the weld offset appears.
引文
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[2]华学明,蔡艳,吴毅雄,等.大型LNG船围护系统低温金属材料焊接技术现状及发展[J].电焊机,2015,45(5):28-35.
[3]王璐璐.铝合金P-GMAW电弧-熔池多因素耦合行为及机制[D].上海:上海交通大学,2015.
[4]刘安华.高低频脉冲耦合振荡对铝合金DP-GMAW焊缝成形的影响机制研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2014.
[5]王林,武传松,杨丰兆,等.外加磁场对高速GMAW电弧和熔池行为的主动调控效应[J].机械工程学报,2016(2):1-6.
[6]殷咸青,孙江涛,张建勋.纵向磁场作用下的钨极氩弧焊电弧温度场[J].西安交通大学学报,2013(3):85-89.
[7]王城,陈塘,查俊,等.轴向磁场对焊接电弧作用的数值模拟研究[J].高电压技术,2013(7):1649-1654.
[8]Chang Y L,Liu X L,Lu L,et al.Impacts of external longitudinal magnetic field on arc plasma and droplet during short-circuit GMAW[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,70(9-12):1543-1553.
[9]Kim C,Ahn Y,Lee K,et al.High-deposition-rate position welding of Al 5083 alloy for spherical-type liquefied natural gas tank[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part B:Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2015,230(5):818-824.
[10]Shoichi M,Yukio M,Koki T,et al.Study on the application for electromagnetic controlled molten pool welding process in overhead and flat position welding[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2013,18(1):38-44.