考虑“源-荷-储”灵活性资源协调的主动配电网双层规划
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摘要
分布式电源(distributed generation,DG)、储能系统(energy storage system,ESS)、需求侧响应(demand response, DR)是主动配电网的灵活可控资源。以电力企业作为综合能源服务商为应用场景,提出一种综合考虑"源-荷-储"灵活性资源协调优化的主动配电网双层规划方法。首先,建立"源-荷-储"协调双层规划模型,该模型上层规划以年综合费用最小为优化目标,考虑DG及ESS的年投资费用和年维护费用、DR年成本、电网年网损费用,优化变量为DG及ESS在候选安装位置的安装容量;下层规划以电网年网损费用最小为优化目标,根据当前上层规划确定的DG及ESS的安装容量,对DG、ESS及DR进行协调优化运行后,得出最优目标值。然后采用灾变遗传算法和内点法相结合的混合策略求解规划模型,最后,在IEEE 33节点系统进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明,与"源-储"规划及"源-荷"规划相比,所提"源-荷-储"协调规划方法具有更高的经济性,可有效利用多种资源以减少不必要的投资,适用于电力企业作为综合能源服务商投资建设的含DG、ESS、DR的主动配电网规划。
Distribution generation(DG), energy storage system(ESS) and demand response(DR) are flexible and controllable resources of the active power distribution network. Regarding electric power enterprises as integrated energy service providers and application scenarios, this paper presents a kind of bi-level planning method for the active power distribution network considering coordination and optimization of flexible resources of source-load-storage. It firstly establishes the bi-level planning model of source-load-storage coordination. The upper level planning of the model aims to minimize annual comprehensive costs, takes annual investment costs and maintenance costs of DG and ESS, annual cost of DR and yearly network loss cost of the power grid into account, and optimizes installation capacities of DG and ESS in the candidate installation locations. The lower level of the model takes minimum annual netw ork loss cost of the power grid as the optimal objective and obtains the optimal objective values after coordinated and optimized operation of DG,ESS and DR according to installation capacities of DG and ESS determined by the bi-level planning. Then it adopts a hybrid strategy combining the catastrophe genetic algorithm and the interior point method to solve the planning model. Finally, it makes simulation analysis based on IEEE 33 node system. The simulation results indicate that compared with source-storage planning and source-load planning, the proposed source-load-storage planning method has higher economy and can effectively utilize various resource and reduce unnecessary investment. This method is suitable for planning of the active power distributionnetwork considering DG, ESS and DR invested by electric power enterprises as integrated energy service providers.
Distribution generation(DG), energy storage system(ESS) and demand response(DR) are flexible and controllable resources of the active power distribution network. Regarding electric power enterprises as integrated energy service providers and application scenarios, this paper presents a kind of bi-level planning method for the active power distribution network considering coordination and optimization of flexible resources of source-load-storage. It firstly establishes the bi-level planning model of source-load-storage coordination. The upper level planning of the model aims to minimize annual comprehensive costs, takes annual investment costs and maintenance costs of DG and ESS, annual cost of DR and yearly network loss cost of the power grid into account, and optimizes installation capacities of DG and ESS in the candidate installation locations. The lower level of the model takes minimum annual netw ork loss cost of the power grid as the optimal objective and obtains the optimal objective values after coordinated and optimized operation of DG,ESS and DR according to installation capacities of DG and ESS determined by the bi-level planning. Then it adopts a hybrid strategy combining the catastrophe genetic algorithm and the interior point method to solve the planning model. Finally, it makes simulation analysis based on IEEE 33 node system. The simulation results indicate that compared with source-storage planning and source-load planning, the proposed source-load-storage planning method has higher economy and can effectively utilize various resource and reduce unnecessary investment. This method is suitable for planning of the active power distributionnetwork considering DG, ESS and DR invested by electric power enterprises as integrated energy service providers.
引文
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[14] 张沈习,袁加妍,程浩忠,等.主动配电网中考虑需求侧管理和网络重构的分布式电源规划方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(增刊1):1-9.ZHANG Shenxi,YUAN Jiayan,CHENG Haozhong,et al.Optimal distributed generation planning in active distribution network considering demand side management and network reconfiguration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(S1):1-9.
[15] 李逐云,雷霞,邱少引,等.考虑“源-网-荷”三方利益的主动配电网协调规划[J].电网技术,2017,41(2):378-387.LI Zhuyun,LEI Xia,QIU Shaoyin,et al.Coordinated planning of active distribution network considering “source-grid-load” benefits[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(2):378-387.
[16] 张静炜,朱想,赫卫国,等.考虑光伏发电和储能系统调压能力的配电网储能容量优化配置[J].广东电力,2018,31(7):30-35.ZHANG Jingwei,ZHU Xiang,HE Weiguo,et al.Optimized configuration for ess capacity of distribution network considering voltage regulation ability of photovoltaic generation and ESS[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(7):30-35.
[17] NICK M,CHERKAOUI R,PAOLONE M.Optimal allocation of dispersed energy storage systems in active distribution networks for energy balance and grid support[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2300-2310.
[18] XING H J,FAN H,SUN X,et al.Optimal siting and sizing of distributed renewable energy in an active distribution network[J].CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems,2018,4(3):380-387.
[19] 黄伟,刘斯亮,王武,等.长时间尺度下计及光伏不确定性的配电网无功优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(5):154-162.HUANG Wei,LIU Siliang,WANG Wu,et al.Optimal reactive power dispatch with long-time scale in distribution network considering uncertainty of photovoltaic[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(5):154-162.
[20] 章文俊,程浩忠,王一,等.基于树形结构编码单亲遗传算法的配电网优化规划[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(5):154-160.ZHANG Wenjun,CHENG Haozhong,WANG Yi,et al.Distribution network optimal planning based on tree structure encoding partheno-genetic algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(5):154-160.
[21] 陆文甜,刘明波,林舜江,等.基于分布式内点法的多区域互联电力系统最优潮流分散式求解[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6828-6837,6938.LU Wentian,LIU Mingbo,LIN Shunjiang,et al.Decentralized solution for optimal power flow of multi-area interconnected power systems based on distributed interior point method [J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6828-6837,6938.
[2] 张福兴,张涛,王锐,等.考虑多源-网-荷-储协同优化的能源局域网系统能量管理研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(12):3942-3950.ZHANG Fuxing,ZHANG Tao,WANG Rui,et al.System energy management research of energy local area network based on cooperative optimization of multiple generation-load-storage[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(12):3942-3950.
[3] 杨火明,徐潇源,严正.考虑配电网韧性的储能系统选址定容优化方法[J].电力建设,2018,39(1):30-39.YANG Huoming,XU Xiaoyuan,YAN Zheng.Optimization approach of energy storage system locating and sizing considering distribution system resilience[J].Electric Power Construction,2018,39(1):30-39.
[4] 陈旭,张勇军,黄向敏.主动配电网背景下无功电压控制方法综述[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(1):143-151.CHEN Xu,ZHANG Yongjun,HUANG Xiangmin.Review of reactive power and voltage control method in the background of active distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(1):143-151.
[5] 莫超,吴杰康,简俊威,等.考虑源-荷随机协调特性的配电网概率潮流多目标优化方法[J].广东电力,2018,31(1):74-81.MO Chao,WU Jiekang,JIAN Junwei,et al.Multi-objective optimization method for probabilistic power flow of power distribution network considering stochastic coordination of power source and load [J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(1):74-81.
[6] 辛文成,沈彦君,苏成,等.含分布式电源的配电网重构[J].南方能源建设,2015,2(2):46-51.XIN Wencheng,SHEN Yanjun,SU Cheng,et al.Reconfiguration of distribution network with distributed generation[J].Southern Energy Construction,2015,2(2):46-51.
[7] 赵琦,管霖,吕耀棠,等.储能电站在含光伏电源配电网中的优化配置[J].广东电力,2018,31(7):1-7.ZHAO Qi,GUAN Lin,Lü Yaotang,et al.Optimized configuration of energy storage power station in distribution network with photovoltaic power [J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(7):1-7.
[8] 王钤,徐备,张师.分布式储能对配电网电压稳定的影响分析[J].广东电力,2017,30(5):48-51.WANG Qian,XU Bei,ZHANG Shi.Analysis on Influence of distributed energy storage on voltage stability of power distribution network[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(5):48-51.
[9] 钟国彬,白云洁,曾杰,等.计及储能寿命的微电网混合储能容量优化配置[J].广东电力,2018,31(7):8-15.ZHONG Guobin,BAI Yunjie,ZENG Jie,et al.Optimization configuration of hybrid energy storage capacity of microgrid considering energy storage life [J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(7):8-15.
[10] 梁君君.含光伏并网发电的储能容量配置方法[J].广东电力,2017,30(10):52-56.LIANG Junjun.Configuration method for storage energy capacity with grid-connected photovoltaic power generation [J].Guangdong Electric Power,2017,30(10):52-56.
[11] 易文飞,张艺伟,曾博,等.多形态激励型需求侧响应协同平衡可再生能源波动的鲁棒优化配置[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(23):5541-5554.YI Wenfei,ZHANG Yiwei,ZENG Bo,et al.Robust optimization allocation for multi-type incentive-based demand response collaboration to balance renewable energy fluctuations [J].Electric Power Science and Engineering,2018,33(23):5541-5554.
[12] 李秀磊,耿光飞,季玉琦,等.主动配电网中储能和需求侧响应的联合优化规划[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3803-3810.LI Xiulei,GENG Guangfei,JI Yuqi,et al.Integrated optimal planning of energy storage and demand side response in active power distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3803-3810.
[13] 沈欣炜,朱守真,郑竞宏,等.考虑分布式电源及储能配合的主动配电网规划-运行联合优化[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1913-1920 .SHEN Xinwei,ZHU Shouzhen,ZHENG Jinghong,et al.Active distribution network planning-operation co-optimization considering the coordination of ESS and DG[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1913-1920.
[14] 张沈习,袁加妍,程浩忠,等.主动配电网中考虑需求侧管理和网络重构的分布式电源规划方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(增刊1):1-9.ZHANG Shenxi,YUAN Jiayan,CHENG Haozhong,et al.Optimal distributed generation planning in active distribution network considering demand side management and network reconfiguration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(S1):1-9.
[15] 李逐云,雷霞,邱少引,等.考虑“源-网-荷”三方利益的主动配电网协调规划[J].电网技术,2017,41(2):378-387.LI Zhuyun,LEI Xia,QIU Shaoyin,et al.Coordinated planning of active distribution network considering “source-grid-load” benefits[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(2):378-387.
[16] 张静炜,朱想,赫卫国,等.考虑光伏发电和储能系统调压能力的配电网储能容量优化配置[J].广东电力,2018,31(7):30-35.ZHANG Jingwei,ZHU Xiang,HE Weiguo,et al.Optimized configuration for ess capacity of distribution network considering voltage regulation ability of photovoltaic generation and ESS[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2018,31(7):30-35.
[17] NICK M,CHERKAOUI R,PAOLONE M.Optimal allocation of dispersed energy storage systems in active distribution networks for energy balance and grid support[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2300-2310.
[18] XING H J,FAN H,SUN X,et al.Optimal siting and sizing of distributed renewable energy in an active distribution network[J].CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems,2018,4(3):380-387.
[19] 黄伟,刘斯亮,王武,等.长时间尺度下计及光伏不确定性的配电网无功优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(5):154-162.HUANG Wei,LIU Siliang,WANG Wu,et al.Optimal reactive power dispatch with long-time scale in distribution network considering uncertainty of photovoltaic[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(5):154-162.
[20] 章文俊,程浩忠,王一,等.基于树形结构编码单亲遗传算法的配电网优化规划[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(5):154-160.ZHANG Wenjun,CHENG Haozhong,WANG Yi,et al.Distribution network optimal planning based on tree structure encoding partheno-genetic algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(5):154-160.
[21] 陆文甜,刘明波,林舜江,等.基于分布式内点法的多区域互联电力系统最优潮流分散式求解[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6828-6837,6938.LU Wentian,LIU Mingbo,LIN Shunjiang,et al.Decentralized solution for optimal power flow of multi-area interconnected power systems based on distributed interior point method [J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6828-6837,6938.