2012-2017年梅州市诺如病毒和轮状病毒腹泻监测
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摘要
目的了解广东省梅州市2012-2017年腹泻患者中诺如病毒(norovirus,NV)和轮状病毒(rotavirus,RV)的感染情况和流行趋势。方法采集梅州市监测门诊中"腹泻病例"的粪便标本和/或呕吐物标本3 066份,采用实时荧光定量PCR法开展NV(GI、GII)核酸检测与RV抗原检测。结果检出NV和RV阳性823份,总阳性率为26.84%,其中NV阳性率为13.24%,RV阳性率为13.60%;2012-2017年连续检测显示NV阳性率呈波动趋势,RV阳性率呈逐年下降趋势;NV和RV感染具有季节性,高峰期分别在10-11月和1-2月。不同年龄组之间差异有统计学意义,且5岁及以下年龄组为主要感染对象。结论梅州市病毒性腹泻病原NV和RV在全年各月份均有检出,以冬春季为感染高峰。阳性率总体有所下降但仍需引起关注,继续加强监测,以减少疾病的流行。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus(NV) and rotavirus(RV) diarrhea in Meizhou city from 2012-2017. Methods 3 066 fecal specimens and/or vomit specimens from "diarrhea cases" were collected in Meizhou monitoring clinic, and the nucleic acid detection in NV(GI, GII) and RV antigen detection were carried out by real-time PCR. Results 823 positive specimens of NV and RV were detected, and the overall positive rate was 26.84% with 13.24% for NV and 13.6% for RV. The positive rate of NV showed a trend of fluctuation with statistically significant difference from 2012 to 2017, while the positive rate of RV showed decreasing trend. The emergence of the NV and RV infection was seasonal. The difference between different age groups was statistically significant. Meanwhile, the age groups of 5 years and below were the main infected subjects. Conclusion The NV and RV of viral diarrhea were detected in the whole year, and the peak of infection showed in winter and spring. The positive rate has declined overall but remains a potential risk, thus more attention should be paid and the disease surveillance should be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of disease.
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus(NV) and rotavirus(RV) diarrhea in Meizhou city from 2012-2017. Methods 3 066 fecal specimens and/or vomit specimens from "diarrhea cases" were collected in Meizhou monitoring clinic, and the nucleic acid detection in NV(GI, GII) and RV antigen detection were carried out by real-time PCR. Results 823 positive specimens of NV and RV were detected, and the overall positive rate was 26.84% with 13.24% for NV and 13.6% for RV. The positive rate of NV showed a trend of fluctuation with statistically significant difference from 2012 to 2017, while the positive rate of RV showed decreasing trend. The emergence of the NV and RV infection was seasonal. The difference between different age groups was statistically significant. Meanwhile, the age groups of 5 years and below were the main infected subjects. Conclusion The NV and RV of viral diarrhea were detected in the whole year, and the peak of infection showed in winter and spring. The positive rate has declined overall but remains a potential risk, thus more attention should be paid and the disease surveillance should be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of disease.
引文
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[8]刘海霞,张静.2011年中国其他感染性腹泻监测现状分析[J].中华预防医学杂志,2013,47(4):328-332.
[9]PARASHAR U D,GIBSON C J,BRESEE J S,et al.Rotavirus and severe childhood diarrhea[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2006,12(2):304-306.
[10]刘小雨,蔡旺林,白晓潇,等.北京市石景山区14岁以上人群病毒性腹泻监测结果分析[J].首都公共卫生,2015,9(3):126-129.
[2]WHO.Diarrhoeal-disease[EB/OL].(2017-05-02)[2018-07-31].http://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease.
[3]张海龙,李苑,张克春,等.2010年广东省深圳市病毒性腹泻监测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2012,27(1):4-7.
[4]PATEL MM,HALL AJ,VINJE J,et al.Noroviruses:a comprehensive review[J].J Clin Virol,2009,44(1):1-8.
[5]汪慧,王大虎,陈纯,等.广州市腹泻监测病例诺如病毒分子流行病学特征[J].疾病监测,2016,31(10):838-842.
[6]CHHABRA P,DHONGADE R K,KALRAO V R,et al.Epidemiological,clinical,and molecular features of norovirus infections in western India[J].J Med Virol,2009,81(5):922-932.
[7]KRONEMAN A,VENNEMA H,HARRIS J,et al.Increase in norovirus activity reported in Europe[J].Euro Surveill,2006,11(12):E061214.1.
[8]刘海霞,张静.2011年中国其他感染性腹泻监测现状分析[J].中华预防医学杂志,2013,47(4):328-332.
[9]PARASHAR U D,GIBSON C J,BRESEE J S,et al.Rotavirus and severe childhood diarrhea[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2006,12(2):304-306.
[10]刘小雨,蔡旺林,白晓潇,等.北京市石景山区14岁以上人群病毒性腹泻监测结果分析[J].首都公共卫生,2015,9(3):126-129.