基于拓扑优化技术的分块式脊柱侧凸支架三维打印
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摘要
针对目前制作特发性脊柱侧凸支架存在加工周期长,在患者身上涂泥取模,加工流程冗长等问题,一些措施应该被采取来解决这些问题。将选择性烧结3D打印技术运用到特发性脊柱侧凸支架的整体制造中,经过试验测试,选择性烧结技术可以极大地缩短支架加工时间,减少加工步骤,并且对支架形态进行测试方面有着一定的优势,提高特发性脊柱侧凸支架制造的效率。主要借助手持式扫描仪对患者进行身体扫描,并根据扫描结果建立分块式脊柱侧凸矫正支架。结合Geomagic和Rhino软件,通过ANSYS Workbench进行仿真及拓扑优化设计,基于模型的拓扑优化结果,对remove部分进行蜂窝形孔洞填充,减轻重量。并对模型进行工程受力验证,对比优化前后支架承受载荷能力。测试结果表明,创新地提出的分块式脊柱侧凸支架在设定一定约束的条件下和保证支架矫正功能的情况下,拓扑优化结构可以达到轻量化的功能,减重达到8.36%,拓扑优化后前胸板承受载荷能力为原始结构的97.61%,后背板为96.62%。
Aiming at the production of idiopathic scoliosis support which has a long processing cycle and needs modulus of mud in patients, and the machining process is very long. Some measures should be taken to solve these problems. The selective sintering 3 D printing technology is applied to the manufacturing of idiopathic scoliosis support. After testing, the selective sintering technology can greatly shorten the processing time of the support, reduce the processing steps, and have certain advantages in testing the scaffolds morphology, and improve the efficiency of manufacturing of idiopathic scoliosis support. The patient is scanned mainly by means of a hand-held scanner, and a segmented scoliosis correction support is established based on the scan result. Combining Geomagic and Rhino software, simulation and topology optimization design through ANSYS Workbench, based on the topology optimization results of the model, the remove part is filled with honeycomb holes filling to reduce weight. The model is subjected to engineering stress verification, and the bearing capacity of the support before and after optimization is compared. The test results show that the innovatively proposed segmented scoliosis support can achieve lightweight function under the condition of setting certain constraints and ensuring the correcting function of the support. The topology optimization structure can achieve the weight reduction function, and the weight loss reaches 8.36%. After topological optimization, the load capacity of the front chest plate is 97.61% of the original structure, and the back plate is 96.62%.
Aiming at the production of idiopathic scoliosis support which has a long processing cycle and needs modulus of mud in patients, and the machining process is very long. Some measures should be taken to solve these problems. The selective sintering 3 D printing technology is applied to the manufacturing of idiopathic scoliosis support. After testing, the selective sintering technology can greatly shorten the processing time of the support, reduce the processing steps, and have certain advantages in testing the scaffolds morphology, and improve the efficiency of manufacturing of idiopathic scoliosis support. The patient is scanned mainly by means of a hand-held scanner, and a segmented scoliosis correction support is established based on the scan result. Combining Geomagic and Rhino software, simulation and topology optimization design through ANSYS Workbench, based on the topology optimization results of the model, the remove part is filled with honeycomb holes filling to reduce weight. The model is subjected to engineering stress verification, and the bearing capacity of the support before and after optimization is compared. The test results show that the innovatively proposed segmented scoliosis support can achieve lightweight function under the condition of setting certain constraints and ensuring the correcting function of the support. The topology optimization structure can achieve the weight reduction function, and the weight loss reaches 8.36%. After topological optimization, the load capacity of the front chest plate is 97.61% of the original structure, and the back plate is 96.62%.
引文
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[22] 董媛媛,钱邦平,张伟,等.先天性多发性关节挛缩症伴脊柱侧凸患者围手术期的呼吸管理[J].中国脊柱脊髓杂志,2017,27(6):490-494.
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[24] 郑欣,邱勇,钱邦平,等.幼猪脊柱侧凸模型中椎体生长板组织学变化的定量研究[J].中华小儿外科杂志,2016,37(7):547-551.
[2] CYR M,HILAIRE T S,PAN Z,et al.Classification of early onset scoliosis has excellent interobserver and intraobserver reliability[J].Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics,2017,37(1):1-3.
[3] 刘琼,马守宝,钱晓晨,等.CMOS传感器紫外敏化膜层的厚度优化及其光电性能测试[J].光子学报,2017,46(6):225-230.
[4] KWOK G,YIP J,CHEUNG M C,et al.Evaluation of myoelectric activity of paraspinal muscles in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis during habitual standing and sitting[J].Journal of Biomed Research International,2015(7):1-8.
[5] COURVOISIER A,EID A,BOURGEOIS E,et al.Growth tethering devices for idiopathic scoliosis[J].Expert Review of Medical Devices,2015,12(4):449.
[6] WU B,ZHANG S,LIAN Q,et al.Lumbar scoliosis combined lumbar spinal stenosis and herniation diagnosed patient was treated with "U" route transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy[J].Case Reports in Orthopedics,2017(4):7439016.
[7] WEISS H R,WEISS G,PETERMANN F.Incidence of curvature progression in idiopathic scoliosis patients treated with scoliosis in-patient rehabilitation (SIR):an age-and sex-matched controlled study[J].Pediatric Rehabilitation,2003,6(1):23-30.
[8] SARWAHI V,HORN J J,KULKARNI P M,et al.Minimally invasive surgery in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis:is it better than the standard approach?a two year follow-up study[J].Clinical Spine Surgery,2016,29(8):331-340.
[9] CHIDAMBARAN V,DING L,MOORE D L,et al.Predicting the pain continuum after adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery:a prospective cohort study[J].European Journal of Pain,2017.
[10] GOODBODY C M,SANKAR W N,FLYNN J M.Presentation of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis:the bigger the kid,the bigger the curve[J].Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics,2017,37(1):41-46.
[11] BROCKMEYER D,GOLLOGLY S,SMITH J T.Scoliosis associated with chiari i malformations:the effect of suboccipital decompression on scoliosis curve progression:a preliminary study[J].Spine,2003,28(22):2505-2509.
[12] WATANABE K,UNO K,SUZUKI T,et al.Risk factors for proximal junctional kyphosis associated with dual-rod growing-rod surgery for early-onset scoliosis[J].Clinical Spine Surgery,2016,29(8):428-433.
[13] DEAROLF W W,BETZ R R,VOGEL L C,et al.Scoliosis in pediatric spinal cord-injured patients[J].Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics,2015,10(2):214-218.
[14] BUTTERMANN,GLENN R.Segmental orthopedic device for spinal elongation and for treatment of scoliosis:20090030462[P].2009-01-29.
[15] WANG G H,HU J Z,LIU X Y,et al.Surgical treatments for degenerative lumbar scoliosis:a meta analysis[J].European Spine Journal,2015,24(8):1792-1799.
[16] DIAB M,SMUCNY M,DORMANS J P,et al.Use and outcomes of wound drain in spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis[J].Spine,2012,37(11):966-973.
[17] 汪正宇,刘祖德,王哲,等.脊柱侧凸有限元模型的建立和参数优化[J].北京生物医学工程,2008,27(1):28-32.
[18] 张彬.脊柱侧弯发展趋势的预测和矫形的有限元分析[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2016.
[19] 阳正星.脊椎畸形与假骨折[J].国际医学放射学杂志,1987.
[20] 闫健卓,姜缪文,陈继民等.面向光固化3D打印技术的汽车车身整体化制造及层厚优化[J].北京工业大学学报,2017,43(4):551-556.
[21] 赵云飞,杨长伟,李明.全椎弓根螺钉治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧凸置钉策略的研究进展[J].骨科,2017(3):249-252.
[22] 董媛媛,钱邦平,张伟,等.先天性多发性关节挛缩症伴脊柱侧凸患者围手术期的呼吸管理[J].中国脊柱脊髓杂志,2017,27(6):490-494.
[23] 冯毅,海涌,藏磊.有限元方法应用于特发性脊柱侧凸研究的进展[J].实用骨科杂志,2016,22(1):35-39.
[24] 郑欣,邱勇,钱邦平,等.幼猪脊柱侧凸模型中椎体生长板组织学变化的定量研究[J].中华小儿外科杂志,2016,37(7):547-551.