铁路隧道喷射混凝土回弹率测试及优化
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摘要
为控制隧道喷射混凝土回弹率,进行了现场测试,分析了主要影响因素,并设计实施了优化方案,取得了显著效果。结果表明,拱墙回弹率整体偏高,5个工作面回弹率小于35%,5个工作面回弹率处于35%～45%,3个回弹率超过45%,拱部回弹率大幅高于边墙回弹率;围岩等级、岩面水况、施工工艺及混凝土配合比等因素会不同程度地影响回弹率,其中围岩等级及断面大小是主要客观因素;相比优化前试验工作面拱墙整体回弹率平均降低7.7%,拱顶回弹率平均降低9.7%,尤其对于软弱围岩,拱顶回弹率平均降低11%以上。
In order to control the rebound rate of tunnel shotcrete, field tests were carried out, the main influencing factors were analyzed, and the optimization scheme was designed and implemented, and remarkable results were obtained.The results show that the rebound rates of 5 faces are less than 35%, and the rebound rates of 5 faces are between 35%～45%, and the rebound rates of 3 faces are more than 45%. The arch rebound rate is significantly higher than the wall rebound rate. Rock grade, water conditions of rock surface, the construction technique and concrete mix ratio will affect the rebound rate. Furthermore, by optimizing the shotcrete material proportion and improving construction standards, compared to the results before optimization, the arch-wall rebound rate decreases by 7.7%, the arch rebound rate decreases by 9.7%.
In order to control the rebound rate of tunnel shotcrete, field tests were carried out, the main influencing factors were analyzed, and the optimization scheme was designed and implemented, and remarkable results were obtained.The results show that the rebound rates of 5 faces are less than 35%, and the rebound rates of 5 faces are between 35%～45%, and the rebound rates of 3 faces are more than 45%. The arch rebound rate is significantly higher than the wall rebound rate. Rock grade, water conditions of rock surface, the construction technique and concrete mix ratio will affect the rebound rate. Furthermore, by optimizing the shotcrete material proportion and improving construction standards, compared to the results before optimization, the arch-wall rebound rate decreases by 7.7%, the arch rebound rate decreases by 9.7%.
引文
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[2]李树忱,冯丙阳,马腾飞,等.隧道格栅拱架喷射混凝土支护力学特性[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(s1):57-63.
[3]关宝树.隧道及地下工程喷混凝土支护技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2009:104.
[4]马利,许鹏.岩巷掘进快速湿式喷射混凝土支护技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(4):5-7.
[5]颜威合.煤矿井下混合型湿喷工艺影响要素分析[J].煤炭工程,2016,48(9):98-101.
[6]韩斌,姚松,于少峰,等.湿喷混凝土可泵性、强度和回弹率的关键影响因素[J].金属矿山,2014(7):37-41.
[7]张露晨,李树忱,路为,等.隧道围岩喷护速凝增强效应试验研究及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(10):2106-2114.
[8]马井雨,马忠诚,汪澜,等.无碱无氯液体速凝剂的性能及其作用机制[J].武汉理工大学学报,2012,34(12):14-18.
[9]魏广,徐艳飞.煤矿用湿式混凝土喷浆装备优化设计及实践[J].煤矿机械,2016,37(5):122-124.
[10]张开玉,徐龙江.湿式混凝土喷射机的研究与应用[J].煤矿机械,2012,33(12):217-219.
[11]杜国平,刘新荣,祝云华,等.隧道钢纤维喷射混凝土性能试验及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008(7):1448-1454.
[12]张露晨,李树忱,李术才,等.硅灰粉煤灰对喷射混凝土性能影响[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2016,46(5):102-109.
[13]曾宪桃,任振华,王兴国.磁化水降低喷射混凝土粉尘浓度与减少回弹的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(4):705-712.
[14]国家铁路局.铁路工程预算定额:第3册(隧道工程)[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2010.
[15]中铁三局集团有限公司.铁路混凝土工程施工质量验收标准:TB/T 10424-2010[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2010.