基于响应面法的微波法玉米芯活性炭制备工艺优化
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摘要
以玉米芯为原料、KOH溶液为活化剂,采用微波炭化制备玉米芯活性炭。先选取微波炭化时间、活化剂浓度、料液比和浸渍时间4个对活性炭吸附性能影响较大的因素进行单因素试验,再以活性炭对亚甲基蓝的去除率为响应值,根据单因素试验结果设计Box-Benhnken中心组合试验,采用响应面优化法确定了微波法玉米芯活性炭制备的最佳工艺条件,即炭化时间227s、活化剂浓度0.278mol/L、料液比1g∶2.78mL、浸渍时间25h15min。按照此工艺条件制备的玉米芯活性炭具有良好的吸附性能,对亚甲基蓝的实际去除率为98.93%。与传统的化学法制备玉米芯活性炭相比,该工艺具有高效、环保等优点。
Corncob is used as raw material and KOH solution is used as activator, the microwave carbonization method iss employed to the preparation for activated carbon from corncob. First, four factors such as the carbonation time, activator concentration, solid-liquid ratio and impregnation time which have a great influence on the adsorption performance of activated carbon are selected to implement single-factor experiments. Then the removal rate of methylene blue by activated carbon is regarded as the response value, centered combination test(Box-Benhnken) is designed according to the result from single-factor experiment. Furthermore, the response surface methodology is employed to determine the optimum conditions for the preparation of activated carbon from corncob by microwave method. These optimal reaction conditions obtained are as follows: carbonization time is 227 s, activator concentration is 0.278 mol/L, solid-liquid ratio is 1 g∶2.78 mL, impregnation time is 25 hour and 15 minutes. The activated carbon which is prepared according to the optimal conditions has sound adsorption performance. Meanwhile, the actual removal rate of methylene blue is up to 98.93%. Compared with the traditional chemical method, the technology has many advantages such as short time, high efficiency and environmental friendly.
Corncob is used as raw material and KOH solution is used as activator, the microwave carbonization method iss employed to the preparation for activated carbon from corncob. First, four factors such as the carbonation time, activator concentration, solid-liquid ratio and impregnation time which have a great influence on the adsorption performance of activated carbon are selected to implement single-factor experiments. Then the removal rate of methylene blue by activated carbon is regarded as the response value, centered combination test(Box-Benhnken) is designed according to the result from single-factor experiment. Furthermore, the response surface methodology is employed to determine the optimum conditions for the preparation of activated carbon from corncob by microwave method. These optimal reaction conditions obtained are as follows: carbonization time is 227 s, activator concentration is 0.278 mol/L, solid-liquid ratio is 1 g∶2.78 mL, impregnation time is 25 hour and 15 minutes. The activated carbon which is prepared according to the optimal conditions has sound adsorption performance. Meanwhile, the actual removal rate of methylene blue is up to 98.93%. Compared with the traditional chemical method, the technology has many advantages such as short time, high efficiency and environmental friendly.
引文
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[25]吴春,杜小雨.微波磷酸法制备玉米芯活性炭[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,33(2):163～167.
[26]王娜.玉米芯高比表面积活性炭制备及应用探索[D].天津:天津大学,2008.
[27]Yuen F K,Hameed B H.Recent developments in the preparation and regeneration of activated carbons by microwaves [J].Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,2009,149:19～26.
[28]郭云海,李军,金央,等.玉米芯活性炭的制备及性能研究[J].无机盐工业,2017,49(7):46～49.
[29]邢宝林,陈丽薇,张传祥,等.玉米芯活性炭的制备及其电化学性能研究[J].材料导报,2015,29(3):45～48,64.
[30]杨爽,康瑞琴.改性玉米芯活性炭的制备条件研究[J].化学工程师,2015(1):65～68.
[2]郭林中,韦瑞杰,王海潮,等.改性活性炭的制备及其对金吸附性能的研究[J].岩矿测试,2014,33(4):528～534.
[3]Mohamad N N,Lau L C,Lee K T,et al.Synthesis of activated carbon from lignocellulosic biomass and its applications in air pollution control:A review[J].Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering,2013,1:658～666.
[4]朱兰保,盛蒂,左源.微波法玉米秸秆活性炭的制备技术[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42(2):108～110.
[5]盛蒂,朱兰保,丁燕兰.微波法污泥活性炭的制备技术[J].西南民族大学学报(自然科学版),2015,41(1):40～44.
[6]Li W,Zhang L B,Peng J H,et al.Preparation of high surface area activated carbons from tobacco stems with K2CO3 activation using microwave radiation[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2008,27:341～347.
[7]崔维,王仕兴,彭金辉,等.微波能技术在贵金属领域的应用与发展[J].稀有金属,2015,39(7):652～659.
[8]罗亚楠,于丽颖,于晓洋.ZnCl2-微波活化法制备秸秆基活性炭[J].化学世界,2015,(6):337～339,342.
[9]李楠,单保庆,唐文忠,等.稻壳活性炭制备及其对磷的吸附[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(3):1024～1028.
[10]廖钦洪,李会合,刘奕清,等.碳酸钾活化剂法制备稻壳活性炭的工艺优化[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(11):256～261.
[11]陈诚,任庆功,徐庆瑞,等.板栗壳活性炭对重金属离子吸附性能研究[J].离子交换与吸附,2014,30(1):29～38.
[12]Koseoglu E,Akmil-Basar C.Preparation,structural evaluation and adsorptive properties of activated carbon from agricultural waste biomass [J].Advanced Powder Technology,2015,26:811～819.
[13]Auta M,Hameed B H.Preparation of waste tea activated carbon using potassium acetate as an activating agent for adsorption of acid blue 25 dye [J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2011,171:502～509.
[14]杨晓庆,陈晓波,张丹,等.甘蔗渣微波活性炭的制备及再生研究[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(11):276～278.
[15]Ma C F,Fan W,Zhang J B,et al.Study of Pb2+,Cd2+ and Ni2+ adsorption onto activated carbons prepared from glycyrrhiza residue by KOH or H3PO4 activation[J].Water Science and Technology,2015,72:451～462.
[16]马宇辉,王文华,张秀芝,等.一次性废竹筷制备活性炭及热解过程分析[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(9):5207～5212.
[17]常春,刘天琪,王瑀婷,等.水热法制备玉米叶基生物炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能研究[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(7):2680～2690.
[18]牛志睿,刘羽,李大海,等.响应面法优化制备污泥基活性炭[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(12):3022～3029.
[19]蒋莉,马飞,叶招莲,等.响应面法优化玉米穗轴活性炭的微波制备工艺[J].工业水处理,2012,32(3):55～58.
[20]王明艳,张小杰,王涛,等.响应面法优化香椿叶多糖的提取条件[J].食品科学,2010,31(4):106～110.
[21]王红彦,张轩铭,王道龙,等.中国玉米芯资源量估算及其开发利用[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016,37(1):1～8.
[22]陈灵智,吴瑞红,王燕,等.H3PO4活化玉米芯基活性炭的制备与表征[J].炭素技术,2015,34(6):32～36.
[23]周亚平,吴頔,刘佳,等.玉米芯活性炭的制备及储气性能[J].天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版),2013,46(10):939～944.
[24]简相坤,刘石彩,边轶.硼酸催化制备玉米芯活性炭工艺研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(10):198～202.
[25]吴春,杜小雨.微波磷酸法制备玉米芯活性炭[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,33(2):163～167.
[26]王娜.玉米芯高比表面积活性炭制备及应用探索[D].天津:天津大学,2008.
[27]Yuen F K,Hameed B H.Recent developments in the preparation and regeneration of activated carbons by microwaves [J].Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,2009,149:19～26.
[28]郭云海,李军,金央,等.玉米芯活性炭的制备及性能研究[J].无机盐工业,2017,49(7):46～49.
[29]邢宝林,陈丽薇,张传祥,等.玉米芯活性炭的制备及其电化学性能研究[J].材料导报,2015,29(3):45～48,64.
[30]杨爽,康瑞琴.改性玉米芯活性炭的制备条件研究[J].化学工程师,2015(1):65～68.