基于短时Fourier变换的变压器绕组变形脉冲频率响应曲线获取方法
|
摘要
为了在利用脉冲注入法在线检测电力变压器绕组变形故障时能正确处理暂态信号,获取绕组的脉冲频率响应曲线,避免绕组变形状态的误判,提出了基于短时Fourier变换的脉冲频率响应曲线获取新方法,对该方法的基本原理进行了理论推导。然后,从理论推导入手,构建了单绕组仿真模型,结合PSPICE和MATLAB进行了联合仿真分析。仿真结果表明该仿真模型下经过短时Fourier变换的频率响应曲线谐振频率位于2 MHz,接近传统正弦频率响应曲线的谐振频率,初步证实了该方法的正确性。最后开展了110 k V变压器试验测试,分别用快速Fourier变换(FFT)和短时Fourier变换(STFT)处理了测试数据,采用相关系数指标进行了分段评判。试验结果表明经过短时Fourier算法处理后,绕组间频率响应曲线相关系数均>3,频率响应曲线清晰度较高,比快速Fourier变换处理效果更好。仿真分析与试验测试的数据处理结果均表明了该方法的可行性和优越性。
In order to process transient signal, obtain the correct impulse frequency response curves, and avoid misjudgment of winding status when the pulses injection method is used to online detect power transformer winding deformation,we proposed a new method for obtaining the impulse frequency response curves based on short time Fourier transform(STFT), constructed a single transformer winding model after theory deduction,and adopted PSPICE and MATLAB software to perform simulations. The results show that, in this simulation model, the resonant frequency of STFT-based frequency response curve is located in 2 MHz, which is closer to the resonant frequency of conventional sweep frequency response curves. The simulation results validate correctness of the proposed method. Finally, the experimental test has been carried out in a 110 k V power transformer, the experimental data have been processed by fast Fourier transform(FFT) and STFT, respectively, and the correlation coefficient is selected as an indicator. The results show that, after the processing of STFT, the correlation coefficient of frequency response curves is higher than 3, and these curves are clearer, thus the processing is more effective than that of FFT. The data processing results of simulation analysis and experimental test verify the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method.
In order to process transient signal, obtain the correct impulse frequency response curves, and avoid misjudgment of winding status when the pulses injection method is used to online detect power transformer winding deformation,we proposed a new method for obtaining the impulse frequency response curves based on short time Fourier transform(STFT), constructed a single transformer winding model after theory deduction,and adopted PSPICE and MATLAB software to perform simulations. The results show that, in this simulation model, the resonant frequency of STFT-based frequency response curve is located in 2 MHz, which is closer to the resonant frequency of conventional sweep frequency response curves. The simulation results validate correctness of the proposed method. Finally, the experimental test has been carried out in a 110 k V power transformer, the experimental data have been processed by fast Fourier transform(FFT) and STFT, respectively, and the correlation coefficient is selected as an indicator. The results show that, after the processing of STFT, the correlation coefficient of frequency response curves is higher than 3, and these curves are clearer, thus the processing is more effective than that of FFT. The data processing results of simulation analysis and experimental test verify the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method.
引文
[1]Bagheri M,Naderi M S,Blackburn T,et al.Frequency response analysis and short-circuit impedance measurement in detection of winding deformation within power transformers[J].IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine,2013,29(3):33-40.
[2]赵志刚,李光范,李金忠,等.基于有限元法的大型电力变压器抗短路能力分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3214-3220.ZHAO Zhigang,LI Guangfan,LI Jinzhong,et al.Analyzing the short-circuit withstanding ability of large power transformer based the FEM method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3214-3220.
[3]马宏忠,耿志慧,陈楷,等.基于振动的电力变压器绕组变形故障诊断新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(8):89-95.MA Hongzhong,GENG Zhihui,CHEN Kai,et al.A new fault diagnosis method for power transformer winding deformation based on vibration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(8):89-95.
[4]Bagheri M,Naderi M S,Blackburn T,et al.Advanced transformer winding deformation diagnosis:moving from off-line to on-line[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2012,19(6):1860-1870.
[5]何平,文习山.变压器绕组变形的频率响应分析法综述[J].高电压技术,2006,32(5):37-41.HE Ping,WEN Xishan.Survey of frequency response analysis on winding deformation of transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2006,32(5):37-41.
[6]李朋,张保会,郝治国,等.基于电气量特征的变压器绕组变形监测技术现状与展望[J].电力自动化设备,2006,26(2):28-33.LI Peng,ZHANG Baohui,HAO Zhiguo,et al.Actuality and prospect of transformer winding deformation monitoring based on electric characteristic[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2006,26(2):28-33.
[7]郭新辰,宋琼,樊秀玲.基于半监督分类方法的变压器故障诊断[J].高电压技术,2013,39(5):1096-1100.GUO Xinchen,SONG Qiong,FAN Xiuling.Transformer fault diagnosis based on semi-supervised classifying method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(5):1096-1100.
[8]Yao C G,Zhao Z Y,Mi Y,et al.Improved online monitoring method for transformer winding deformations based on the lissajous graphical analysis of voltage and current[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(4):1965-1973.
[9]Ludwikowski K,Siodla K,Ziomek W.Investigation of transformer model winding deformation using sweep frequency response analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2012,19(6):1957-1961.
[10]Abu-Siada A,Islam S.A novel online technique to detect power transformer winding faults[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(2):849-857.
[11]姚陈果,赵仲勇,李成祥,等.基于暂态过电压特性的电力变压器绕组变形故障在线检测[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):873-880.YAO Chenguo,ZHAO Zhongyong,LI Chengxiang,et al.Online detecting winding deformation of power transformer based on transient overvoltage[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):873-880.
[12]Wang M,Vandermaar A J,Valdivia K D.Condition monitoring of transformers in service by the low voltage impulse test method[C]∥Eleventh International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering(ISH).London,UK:ISH,1999:45-48.
[13]Dick E P,Erven C C.Transformer diagnostic testing by frequency response analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1978,97(6):2144-2153.
[14]González C,Pleite J,Valdivia V,et al.An overview of the on line application of frequency response analysis(FRA)[C]∥IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics(ISIE).Vigo,Spain:IEEE,2007:1294-1299.
[15]Gomez-Luna E,Mayor G A,Gonzalez-Garcia C,et al.Current status and future trends in frequency-response analysis with a transformer in service[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2013,28(2):1024-1031.
[16]电力变压器绕组变形的频率响应分析法:DL/T 911—2004[S],2004.Frequency response analysis on winding deformation of power tranformers:DL/T 911—2004[S],2004.
[17]Power transformers,part 18:measurement of frequency response:IEC60076-18:2012 Ed.1.0[S],2012.
[18]Behjat V,Vahedi A,Setayeshmehr A,et al.Diagnosing shorted turns on the windings of power transformers based upon online FRA using capacitive and inductive couplings[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(4):2123-2133.
[19]Wang M.Winding movement and condition monitoring of power transformers in service[D].Vancouver,Canada:The University of British Columbia,2003.
[20]Rybel T D,Singh A,Vandermaar J A,et al.Apparatus for online power transformer winding monitoring using bushing tap injection[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2009,24(3):996-1003.
[21]刘勇,崔彦捷,秦睿,等.套管故障对变压器频率响应曲线影响的仿真研究[J].高电压技术,2014,40(8):2406-2415.LIU Yong,CUI Yanjie,QIN Rui,et al.Simulation study of influence of transformer bushing fault on frequency response curves[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(8):2406-2415.
[22]Wang M,Vandermaar A J,Srivastava K D.Improved detection of power transformer winding movement by extending the FRA high frequency range[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(3):1930-1938.
[23]Yao C G,Zhao Z Y,Chen Y,et al.Transformer winding deformation diagnostic system using online high frequency signal injection by capacitive coupling[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(4):1486-1492.
[24]Zhang Z W,Tang W H,Ji T Y,et al.Finite-element modeling for analysis of radial deformations within transformer windingsof radial[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(5):2297-2305.
[2]赵志刚,李光范,李金忠,等.基于有限元法的大型电力变压器抗短路能力分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3214-3220.ZHAO Zhigang,LI Guangfan,LI Jinzhong,et al.Analyzing the short-circuit withstanding ability of large power transformer based the FEM method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3214-3220.
[3]马宏忠,耿志慧,陈楷,等.基于振动的电力变压器绕组变形故障诊断新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(8):89-95.MA Hongzhong,GENG Zhihui,CHEN Kai,et al.A new fault diagnosis method for power transformer winding deformation based on vibration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(8):89-95.
[4]Bagheri M,Naderi M S,Blackburn T,et al.Advanced transformer winding deformation diagnosis:moving from off-line to on-line[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2012,19(6):1860-1870.
[5]何平,文习山.变压器绕组变形的频率响应分析法综述[J].高电压技术,2006,32(5):37-41.HE Ping,WEN Xishan.Survey of frequency response analysis on winding deformation of transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2006,32(5):37-41.
[6]李朋,张保会,郝治国,等.基于电气量特征的变压器绕组变形监测技术现状与展望[J].电力自动化设备,2006,26(2):28-33.LI Peng,ZHANG Baohui,HAO Zhiguo,et al.Actuality and prospect of transformer winding deformation monitoring based on electric characteristic[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2006,26(2):28-33.
[7]郭新辰,宋琼,樊秀玲.基于半监督分类方法的变压器故障诊断[J].高电压技术,2013,39(5):1096-1100.GUO Xinchen,SONG Qiong,FAN Xiuling.Transformer fault diagnosis based on semi-supervised classifying method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(5):1096-1100.
[8]Yao C G,Zhao Z Y,Mi Y,et al.Improved online monitoring method for transformer winding deformations based on the lissajous graphical analysis of voltage and current[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(4):1965-1973.
[9]Ludwikowski K,Siodla K,Ziomek W.Investigation of transformer model winding deformation using sweep frequency response analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2012,19(6):1957-1961.
[10]Abu-Siada A,Islam S.A novel online technique to detect power transformer winding faults[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(2):849-857.
[11]姚陈果,赵仲勇,李成祥,等.基于暂态过电压特性的电力变压器绕组变形故障在线检测[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):873-880.YAO Chenguo,ZHAO Zhongyong,LI Chengxiang,et al.Online detecting winding deformation of power transformer based on transient overvoltage[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):873-880.
[12]Wang M,Vandermaar A J,Valdivia K D.Condition monitoring of transformers in service by the low voltage impulse test method[C]∥Eleventh International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering(ISH).London,UK:ISH,1999:45-48.
[13]Dick E P,Erven C C.Transformer diagnostic testing by frequency response analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1978,97(6):2144-2153.
[14]González C,Pleite J,Valdivia V,et al.An overview of the on line application of frequency response analysis(FRA)[C]∥IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics(ISIE).Vigo,Spain:IEEE,2007:1294-1299.
[15]Gomez-Luna E,Mayor G A,Gonzalez-Garcia C,et al.Current status and future trends in frequency-response analysis with a transformer in service[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2013,28(2):1024-1031.
[16]电力变压器绕组变形的频率响应分析法:DL/T 911—2004[S],2004.Frequency response analysis on winding deformation of power tranformers:DL/T 911—2004[S],2004.
[17]Power transformers,part 18:measurement of frequency response:IEC60076-18:2012 Ed.1.0[S],2012.
[18]Behjat V,Vahedi A,Setayeshmehr A,et al.Diagnosing shorted turns on the windings of power transformers based upon online FRA using capacitive and inductive couplings[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(4):2123-2133.
[19]Wang M.Winding movement and condition monitoring of power transformers in service[D].Vancouver,Canada:The University of British Columbia,2003.
[20]Rybel T D,Singh A,Vandermaar J A,et al.Apparatus for online power transformer winding monitoring using bushing tap injection[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2009,24(3):996-1003.
[21]刘勇,崔彦捷,秦睿,等.套管故障对变压器频率响应曲线影响的仿真研究[J].高电压技术,2014,40(8):2406-2415.LIU Yong,CUI Yanjie,QIN Rui,et al.Simulation study of influence of transformer bushing fault on frequency response curves[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(8):2406-2415.
[22]Wang M,Vandermaar A J,Srivastava K D.Improved detection of power transformer winding movement by extending the FRA high frequency range[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(3):1930-1938.
[23]Yao C G,Zhao Z Y,Chen Y,et al.Transformer winding deformation diagnostic system using online high frequency signal injection by capacitive coupling[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(4):1486-1492.
[24]Zhang Z W,Tang W H,Ji T Y,et al.Finite-element modeling for analysis of radial deformations within transformer windingsof radial[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(5):2297-2305.