基于递推最小二乘法的虚拟同步发电机参数辨识方法
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摘要
基于虚拟同步发电机(VSG)控制的逆变器能够为微网提供惯性和阻尼,提出一种VSG参数辨识方法,为微网的优化设计提供基础。首先建立了VSG输出功率对指令功率的二阶传递函数模型,然后根据基于VSG控制的逆变器在响应阶跃指令功率后的输出,利用模型参数与惯性和阻尼系数的关系,并基于递推最小二乘法辨识出逆变器提供的惯性和阻尼系数。进一步分析了稳态平衡点偏移以及双线性变换给辨识结果带来的误差,结果表明利用递推最小二乘法辨识VSG参数能够满足一定的精度要求。最后,通过MATLAB仿真和实验验证了所提参数辨识方法的可行性和有效性。
The inverters controlled by virtual synchronous generator(VSG)can provide inertia and damping for microgrids.A method for identifying the parameters of VSG is proposed to provide the basis for the optimal design of microgrids.Firstly,a second-order transfer function model of VSG's active power output to command power is proposed.Secondly,according to the active power response of VSG-controlled inverter to the command power,and the mathematical relationship between transfer function parameters and inertia and damping coefficients,the inertia and damping coefficients of the inverter are identified by using the recursive least squares algorithm.Meanwhile,the errors caused by steady state equilibrium shift and the bilinear transformation on the identification results are analyzed,which shows that the parameter identification of VSG by using the recursive least squares algorithm can satisfy a certain accuracy requirement.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by simulations with MATLAB and experiments.
The inverters controlled by virtual synchronous generator(VSG)can provide inertia and damping for microgrids.A method for identifying the parameters of VSG is proposed to provide the basis for the optimal design of microgrids.Firstly,a second-order transfer function model of VSG's active power output to command power is proposed.Secondly,according to the active power response of VSG-controlled inverter to the command power,and the mathematical relationship between transfer function parameters and inertia and damping coefficients,the inertia and damping coefficients of the inverter are identified by using the recursive least squares algorithm.Meanwhile,the errors caused by steady state equilibrium shift and the bilinear transformation on the identification results are analyzed,which shows that the parameter identification of VSG by using the recursive least squares algorithm can satisfy a certain accuracy requirement.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by simulations with MATLAB and experiments.
引文
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[9]李武华,王金华,杨贺雅,等.虚拟同步发电机的功率动态耦合机理及同步频率谐振抑制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(2):381-391.LI Wuhua,WANG Jinhua,YANG Heya,et al.Power dynamic coupling mechanism and resonance suppression of synchronous frequency for virtual synchronous generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):381-391.
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[11]宋琼,张辉,孙凯,等.多微源独立微网中虚拟同步发电机的改进型转动惯量自适应控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(2):412-424.SONG Qiong,ZHANG Hui,SUN Kai,et al.Improved adaptive control of inertia for virtual synchronous generators in islanding micro-grid with multiple distributed generation units[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):412-424.
[12]ALIPOOR J,MIURA Y,ISE T.Power system stabilization using virtual synchronous generator with alternating moment of inertia[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(2):451-458.
[13]邹藴韬,张海涛,刘春阳,等.新型虚拟同步发电机控制方法及其暂态过程自适应控制策略[J].电网技术,2018,42(3):933-941.ZOU Yuntao,ZHANG Haitao,LIU Chunyang,et al.Acontrol approach of novel virtual synchronous generator and an adaptive control strategy for its transient process[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(3):933-941.
[14]徐海珍,张兴,刘芳,等.基于微分补偿环节虚拟惯性的虚拟同步发电机控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,96(3):96-102.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160420001.XU Haizhen,ZHANG Xing,LIU Fang,et al.Control strategy of virtual synchronous generator based on differential compensation virtual inertia[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,96(3):96-102.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160420001.
[15]石荣亮,张兴,徐海珍,等.基于虚拟同步发电机的微网运行模式无缝切换控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(10):16-23.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150615012.SHI Rongliang,ZHANG Xing,XU Haizhen,et al.Seamless switching control strategy for microgrid operation modes based on virtual synchronous generator[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(10):16-23.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150615012.
[16]LIU J,MIURA Y,ISE T.Comparison of dynamic characteristics between virtual synchronous generator and droop control in inverter-based distributed generators[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(5):3600-3611.
[17]D’ARCO S,SUUL J A.Equivalence of virtual synchronous machines and frequency-droops for converter-based microgrids[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(1):394-395.
[18]LIU J,MIURA Y,ISE T.Dynamic characteristics and stability comparisons between virtual synchronous generator and droop control in inverter-based distributed generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,31(5):1536-1543.
[19]张海宁.基于递推最小二乘算法的逆变器参数辨识[J].电力科学与工程,2017,33(2):21-27.ZHANG Haining.Parameter identification of inverter based on recursive least square algorithm[J].Electric Power Science and Engineering,2017,33(2):21-27.
[20]许钒,胡长斌,王斐然,等.改进型并网逆变器下垂控制策略研究[J].高压电器,2017,53(7):106-112.XU Fan,HU Changbin,WANG Feiran,et al.Research on droop control strategy of improved grid-connected inverters[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(7):106-112.
[21]金宇清,鞠平,潘学萍,等.光伏逆变器控制参数的分步辨识方法[J].电网技术,2015,39(3):594-600.JIN Yuqing,JU Ping,PAN Xueping,et al.A stepwise method to identify controller parameters of photovoltaic inverter[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(3):594-600.
[22]陈杰,申朋朋,魏涛,等.非理想电网条件下的同步逆变器控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(9):127-133.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171114008.CHEN Jie,SHEN Pengpeng,WEI Tao,et al.Control scheme for synchronverters under non-ideal grid condition[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(9):127-133.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171114008.
[23]赵晔,何潇,周东华.带有不准确测量噪声的最小二乘故障估计[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2017,47(5):254-262.ZHAO Ye,HE Xiao,ZHOU Donghua.On least squares fault estimation with incorrect measurement noise statistics[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2017,47(5):254-262.
[2]吕志鹏,盛万兴,刘海涛,等.虚拟同步机技术在电力系统中的应用与挑战[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(2):349-360.LV Zhipeng,SHENG Wanxing,LIU Haitao,et al.Application and challenge of virtual synchronous machine technology in power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):349-360.
[3]郑天文,陈来军,陈天一,等.虚拟同步发电机技术及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(21):165-175.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150508006.ZHENG Tianwen,CHEN Laijun,CHEN Tianyi,et al.Review and prospect of virtual synchronous generator technologies[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(21):165-175.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150508006.
[4]ZHAO Yangyang,CHAI Jianyun,WANG Shien,et al.Instantaneous power calculation based on intrinsic frequency of single-phase virtual synchronous generator[J].Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy,2017,5(6):970-978.
[5]吴恒,阮新波,杨东升,等.虚拟同步发电机功率环的建模与参数设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(24):6508-6518.WU Heng,RUAN Xinbo,YANG Dongsheng,et al.Modeling of the power loop and parameter design of virtual synchronous generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6508-6518.
[6]朱蜀,刘开培,秦亮.虚拟同步发电机的暂态稳定性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(9):51-58.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171115017.ZHU Shu,LIU Kaipei,QIN Liang.Transient stability analysis of virtual synchronous generator[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(9):51-58.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171115017.
[7]陈天一,陈来军,汪雨辰,等.考虑不平衡电网电压的虚拟同步发电机平衡电流控制方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(3):904-909.CHEN Tianyi,CHEN Laijun,WANG Yuchen,et al.Balanced current control of virtual synchronous generator considering unbalanced grid voltage[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(3):904-909.
[8]肖湘宁,陈萌.不平衡电压下虚拟同步发电机功率控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2017,38(8):193-200.XIAO Xiangning,CHEN Meng.Power control of virtual synchronous generator under unbalanced grid voltage[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(8):193-200.
[9]李武华,王金华,杨贺雅,等.虚拟同步发电机的功率动态耦合机理及同步频率谐振抑制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(2):381-391.LI Wuhua,WANG Jinhua,YANG Heya,et al.Power dynamic coupling mechanism and resonance suppression of synchronous frequency for virtual synchronous generators[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):381-391.
[10]陈来军,王任,郑天文,等.基于参数自适应调节的虚拟同步发电机暂态响应优化控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5724-5731.CHEN Laijun,WANG Ren,ZHENG Tianwen,et al.Optimal control of transient response of virtual synchronous generator based on adaptive parameter adjustment[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(21):5724-5731.
[11]宋琼,张辉,孙凯,等.多微源独立微网中虚拟同步发电机的改进型转动惯量自适应控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(2):412-424.SONG Qiong,ZHANG Hui,SUN Kai,et al.Improved adaptive control of inertia for virtual synchronous generators in islanding micro-grid with multiple distributed generation units[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):412-424.
[12]ALIPOOR J,MIURA Y,ISE T.Power system stabilization using virtual synchronous generator with alternating moment of inertia[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(2):451-458.
[13]邹藴韬,张海涛,刘春阳,等.新型虚拟同步发电机控制方法及其暂态过程自适应控制策略[J].电网技术,2018,42(3):933-941.ZOU Yuntao,ZHANG Haitao,LIU Chunyang,et al.Acontrol approach of novel virtual synchronous generator and an adaptive control strategy for its transient process[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(3):933-941.
[14]徐海珍,张兴,刘芳,等.基于微分补偿环节虚拟惯性的虚拟同步发电机控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,96(3):96-102.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160420001.XU Haizhen,ZHANG Xing,LIU Fang,et al.Control strategy of virtual synchronous generator based on differential compensation virtual inertia[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,96(3):96-102.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160420001.
[15]石荣亮,张兴,徐海珍,等.基于虚拟同步发电机的微网运行模式无缝切换控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(10):16-23.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150615012.SHI Rongliang,ZHANG Xing,XU Haizhen,et al.Seamless switching control strategy for microgrid operation modes based on virtual synchronous generator[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(10):16-23.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150615012.
[16]LIU J,MIURA Y,ISE T.Comparison of dynamic characteristics between virtual synchronous generator and droop control in inverter-based distributed generators[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(5):3600-3611.
[17]D’ARCO S,SUUL J A.Equivalence of virtual synchronous machines and frequency-droops for converter-based microgrids[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(1):394-395.
[18]LIU J,MIURA Y,ISE T.Dynamic characteristics and stability comparisons between virtual synchronous generator and droop control in inverter-based distributed generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,31(5):1536-1543.
[19]张海宁.基于递推最小二乘算法的逆变器参数辨识[J].电力科学与工程,2017,33(2):21-27.ZHANG Haining.Parameter identification of inverter based on recursive least square algorithm[J].Electric Power Science and Engineering,2017,33(2):21-27.
[20]许钒,胡长斌,王斐然,等.改进型并网逆变器下垂控制策略研究[J].高压电器,2017,53(7):106-112.XU Fan,HU Changbin,WANG Feiran,et al.Research on droop control strategy of improved grid-connected inverters[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(7):106-112.
[21]金宇清,鞠平,潘学萍,等.光伏逆变器控制参数的分步辨识方法[J].电网技术,2015,39(3):594-600.JIN Yuqing,JU Ping,PAN Xueping,et al.A stepwise method to identify controller parameters of photovoltaic inverter[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(3):594-600.
[22]陈杰,申朋朋,魏涛,等.非理想电网条件下的同步逆变器控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(9):127-133.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171114008.CHEN Jie,SHEN Pengpeng,WEI Tao,et al.Control scheme for synchronverters under non-ideal grid condition[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(9):127-133.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171114008.
[23]赵晔,何潇,周东华.带有不准确测量噪声的最小二乘故障估计[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2017,47(5):254-262.ZHAO Ye,HE Xiao,ZHOU Donghua.On least squares fault estimation with incorrect measurement noise statistics[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2017,47(5):254-262.