水利枢纽工程高含沙浑水压力模型试验研究
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摘要
以黄河流域某水利枢纽工程为研究对象,通过设计一套浑水压力模型来模拟和测试高含沙浑水的基本状态,用高精度土压力计直接测量浑水的竖向压强和水平压强,并对浑水竖向压强与水平压强之间的关系进行了分析。结果表明:(1)含沙量为96.8～1 075.1 kg/m3浑水的水平压强与竖向压强的比值范围为0.98～1.02,约等于1.0,即可以认为在模型试验中各组不同含沙量浑水同一位置处的水平压强都约等于竖向压强;(2)浑水中泥沙沉积较快,在模型底部形成淤积体,淤积体的含水率为27.3%～39.1%,均大于土样的液限,泥沙淤积体处于可流动状态;(3)试验中浑水压强沿高度的分布模式与静水相同,验证了规范推荐的浑水压力的计算方法对最大含沙量为1 075.1 kg/m3的浑水同样适用。
Taking awater conservancy project in the Yellow River basin as the research object,a set of muddy water pressure model was designed to simulate and test the basic state of muddy water with high sediment concentration. The vertical and horizontal pressure of muddy water was directly measured by high precision soil pressure gauge and the relationship between them was analyzed. The results show that a) the ratio of horizontal pressure to vertical pressure of muddy water with sediment concentration from 96.8 kg/m3 to 1 075.1 kg/m3 is in the range of 0.98-1.02,which is approximately equal to 1.0; b) the sediment deposition in muddy water is fast and silt body is formed at the bottom of the model. The water content of the silt body is greater than that of the liquid limit of the soil sample,which is 27.3%-39.1% and it is in a flowing state and; c) the distribution pattern of the muddy water pressure along the height in the test is the same as that in the static water,which verifies that the calculation formula of muddy water pressure recommended by the code is also applicable for muddy water with the maximum sediment concentration of 1 075.1 kg/m3.
Taking awater conservancy project in the Yellow River basin as the research object,a set of muddy water pressure model was designed to simulate and test the basic state of muddy water with high sediment concentration. The vertical and horizontal pressure of muddy water was directly measured by high precision soil pressure gauge and the relationship between them was analyzed. The results show that a) the ratio of horizontal pressure to vertical pressure of muddy water with sediment concentration from 96.8 kg/m3 to 1 075.1 kg/m3 is in the range of 0.98-1.02,which is approximately equal to 1.0; b) the sediment deposition in muddy water is fast and silt body is formed at the bottom of the model. The water content of the silt body is greater than that of the liquid limit of the soil sample,which is 27.3%-39.1% and it is in a flowing state and; c) the distribution pattern of the muddy water pressure along the height in the test is the same as that in the static water,which verifies that the calculation formula of muddy water pressure recommended by the code is also applicable for muddy water with the maximum sediment concentration of 1 075.1 kg/m3.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国水利部.混凝土拱坝设计规范:SL 282—2003[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003:72.
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[5]陈松伟,崔振华.浅析泥沙压力对重力坝应力的影响[J].中国水运,2008,8(5):163-164.
[2]杨赉斐,吴孝任,苏凤玉.黄河上游水电站泥沙问题初步总结[J].水力发电,1985(2):11-17.
[3]徐志英.淤泥的某些力学性质之研究[J].水利学报,1958(2):88-99.
[4]陈一明,谈广鸣.淤积固结条件下坝前泥沙压力对坝体影响的试验[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2014,47(2):145-176.
[5]陈松伟,崔振华.浅析泥沙压力对重力坝应力的影响[J].中国水运,2008,8(5):163-164.