膏体料浆管道输送中粗颗粒迁移的影响因素分析
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摘要
含粗骨料的膏体充填料浆在管道输送时存在粗颗粒沉降堵管和管壁磨损严重的问题,但常规的管道输送实验方法难以获得粗颗粒在管道截面上径向迁移的影响因素。以颗粒在黏塑性流体中的运动规律为基础,结合膏体充填工艺的实际情况,采用数值模拟研究膏体料浆流变参数对粗颗粒迁移的影响。针对实际生产中管道直径与粗骨料颗粒直径之比λ相对较小,在颗粒-流体耦合分析时可将粗骨料颗粒视为宏观颗粒,采用宏观颗粒模型(MPM)进行数值模拟。以Bingham流体的无量纲数,即塑性黏度雷诺数Rep、宾汉姆数Bi为定量评价指标,分析充填料浆的屈服应力、塑性黏度对粗骨料颗粒迁移的影响。结果表明,对于剪切流动区域内的粗骨料颗粒,其径向迁移量与屈服应力值和宾汉姆数Bi呈反比、与塑性黏度值呈正比,在一定的黏性效应下与塑性黏度雷诺数Rep呈正比。
The paste backfill slurry with coarse aggregate had the problems of coarse particles settlement and wall wear serious in pipeline transportation. It was difficult to analyze the influencing factors of coarse particles' radial migration in the pipeline sections by conventional pipe flow experiments. In this work, based on the law of movement of particles in viscoplastic fluid and the actual situation of paste backfill technology, the influence of rheological parameters of paste slurry on coarse particles' law of migration was studied by numerical simulation. For actual production, the ratio λ of pipe diameter to coarse aggregate particles diameter was relatively small, coarse aggregate particles could be regarded as macroscopic particles in particle-fluid coupling analysis, and the Macroscopic Particle Model(MPM) was used for numerical simulation. Taking the dimensionless numbers of Bingham fluid, i.e., plastic viscosity Reynolds number Repand Bingham number Bi as quantitative evaluation indexes, the influence of yield stress and plastic viscosity of backfill slurry on coarse aggregate particles' law of migration was analyzed. The results show that the radial migration of coarse aggregate particles in the shear flow region is inversely proportional to the yield stress value and Bingham number Bi, is directly proportional to the plastic viscosity value, and is directly proportional to the plastic viscosity Reynolds number Rep under a certain viscous effect.
The paste backfill slurry with coarse aggregate had the problems of coarse particles settlement and wall wear serious in pipeline transportation. It was difficult to analyze the influencing factors of coarse particles' radial migration in the pipeline sections by conventional pipe flow experiments. In this work, based on the law of movement of particles in viscoplastic fluid and the actual situation of paste backfill technology, the influence of rheological parameters of paste slurry on coarse particles' law of migration was studied by numerical simulation. For actual production, the ratio λ of pipe diameter to coarse aggregate particles diameter was relatively small, coarse aggregate particles could be regarded as macroscopic particles in particle-fluid coupling analysis, and the Macroscopic Particle Model(MPM) was used for numerical simulation. Taking the dimensionless numbers of Bingham fluid, i.e., plastic viscosity Reynolds number Repand Bingham number Bi as quantitative evaluation indexes, the influence of yield stress and plastic viscosity of backfill slurry on coarse aggregate particles' law of migration was analyzed. The results show that the radial migration of coarse aggregate particles in the shear flow region is inversely proportional to the yield stress value and Bingham number Bi, is directly proportional to the plastic viscosity value, and is directly proportional to the plastic viscosity Reynolds number Rep under a certain viscous effect.
引文
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[8]岳湘安.液-固两相流基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:64-96.YUE Xiang-an.Liquid-Solid two-phase flow foundation[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1996:64-69.
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[10]JOSSIC L,BRIGUET A,MAGNIN A.Segregation under flow of objects suspended in a yield stress fluid and NMR imaging visualisation[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2002,57(3):409-418.
[11]MATAS J P,MORRIS J F,GUAZZELLI E.Lateral forces on a sphere[J].Oil&Gas Science and Technology,2004,59(1):59-70.
[12]MERKAK O,JOSSIC L,MAGNIN A.Dynamics of particles suspended in a yield stress fluid flowing in a pipe[J].AIChEJournal,2008,54(5):1129-1138.
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[15]AGRAWAL M,BAKKER A,PRINKEY M T.Macroscopic particle model-Tracking big particles in CFD[C]//Proceedings of AIChE 2004 Annual Meeting,Austin,2004,268b.
[16]OOKAWARA S,AGRAWAL M,STREET D,OGAWA K.Quasi-direct numerical simulation of lift force-induced particle separation in a curved microchannel by use of a macroscopic particle model[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2007,62(9):2454-2465.
[17]CHHABRA R P,RICHARDSON J F.Non-Newtonian flow in the process industries:fundamentals and engineering applications[M].Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann,1999:207-255.
[18]SOFRA F.Rheological properties of fresh cemented paste tailings[M].YILMAZ E,FALL M.Paste Tailings Management.Berlin:Springer,Cham,2017:33-57.
[19]ATAPATTU D D,CHHABRA R P,UHLHERR P H T.Creeping sphere motion in Herschel-Bulkley fluids:Flow field and drag[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,1995,59:245-265.
[20]MERKAK O,JOSSIC L,MAGNIN A.Spheres and interactions between spheres moving at very low velocities in a yield stress fluid[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,2006,133:99-108.
[21]VAN DER HOEF M A,VAN SINT ANNALAND M,DEEN NG,KUIPERS J A M.Numerical simulation of dense gas-solid fluidized beds:A multiscale modeling strategy[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,2008,40:47-70.
[22]WADNERKAR D,AGRAWAL M,TADE M O,PAREEK V.Hydrodynamics of macroscopic particles in slurry suspensions[J].Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering,2016,11(3):467-479.
[23]MITSOULIS E.Flows of viscoplastic materials:Models and computations[J].Rheology Reviews,2007,2007:135-178.
[24]SORIA J,GAUTHIER D,FLAMANT G,RODRIGUEZ R,MAZZA G.Coupling scales for modelling heavy metal vaporization from municipal solid waste incineration in a fluid bed by CFD[J].Waste Management,2015,43:176-187.
[25]AGRAWAL M.Drag force formulation in macroscopic particle model and its validation[C]//Proceedings of AIChE 2009 Annual Meeting,Nashville,2009,163b.
[26]陈松贵.宾汉姆流体的LBM-DEM方法及自密实混凝土复杂流动研究[D].北京:清华大学,2014:69-73.CHEN Song-gui.Development of LBM-DEM for Bingham suspensions with application to self-compacting concrete[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2014:69-73.
[27]WASP E J,KENNY J P,GANDHI R L.Solid-liquid flow slurry pipeline transportation[M].Stafa-Zurich:Trans Tech Publications Ltd.,1977:51-56.
[28]谢振华,宋存义.工程流体力学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2007:67-91.XIE Zhen-hua,SONG Cun-yi.Engineering fluid mechanics[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2007:67-91.
[2]王洪江,李公成,吴爱祥,杨鹏,彭乃兵,杨锡祥,周发陆.不同粗骨料的膏体流变性能研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2014,34(7):59-62.WANG Hong-jiang,LI Gong-cheng,WU Ai-xiang,YANG Peng,PENG Nai-bing,YANG Xi-xiang,ZHOU Fa-lu.Study on rheological properties of paste with different coarse aggregate[J].Mining Research and Development,2014,34(7):59-62.
[3]冯国瑞,贾学强,郭育霞,戚庭野,李典,李振,冯佳瑞,刘国艳,宋凯歌,康立勋.废弃混凝土粗骨料对充填膏体性能的影响[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(6):1320-1325.FENG Guo-rui,JIA Xue-qiang,GUO Yu-xia,QI Ting-ye,LIDian,LI Zhen,FENG Jia-rui,LIU Guo-yan,SONG Kai-ge,KANG Li-xun.Influence of the wasted concrete coarse aggregate on the performance of cemented paste backfill[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(6):1320-1325.
[4]王洪江,吴爱祥,肖卫国,曾普海,吉学文,严庆文.粗粒级膏体充填的技术进展及存在的问题[J].金属矿山,2009(11):1-5.WANG Hong-jiang,WU Ai-xiang,XIAO Wei-guo,ZENGPu-hai,JI Xue-wen,YAN Qing-wen.The progresses of coarse paste fill technology and its existing problem[J].Metal Mine,2009(11):1-5.
[5]刘晓辉.膏体流变行为及其管流阻力特性研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2015:48-68.LIU Xiao-hui.Study on rheological behavior and pipe flow resistance of paste backfill[D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2015:48-68
[6]吴爱祥,焦华喆,王洪江,李辉,仪海豹,刘晓辉,刘斯忠.膏体尾矿屈服应力检测及其优化[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(8):3370-3376.WU Ai-xiang,JIAO Hua-zhe,WANG Hong-jiang,LI Hui,YIHai-bao,LIU Xiao-hui,LIU Si-zhong.Yield stress measurements and optimization of paste tailings[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2013,44(8):3370-3376.
[7]BOGER D V.Rheology and the resource industries[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2009,64(22):4525-4536.
[8]岳湘安.液-固两相流基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:64-96.YUE Xiang-an.Liquid-Solid two-phase flow foundation[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1996:64-69.
[9]FENG J,HU H H,JOSEPH D D.Direct simulation of initial value problems for the motion of solid bodies in a Newtonian fluid(Part 1):Sedimentation[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1994,261:95-134.
[10]JOSSIC L,BRIGUET A,MAGNIN A.Segregation under flow of objects suspended in a yield stress fluid and NMR imaging visualisation[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2002,57(3):409-418.
[11]MATAS J P,MORRIS J F,GUAZZELLI E.Lateral forces on a sphere[J].Oil&Gas Science and Technology,2004,59(1):59-70.
[12]MERKAK O,JOSSIC L,MAGNIN A.Dynamics of particles suspended in a yield stress fluid flowing in a pipe[J].AIChEJournal,2008,54(5):1129-1138.
[13]MERKAK O,JOSSIC L,MAGNIN A.Migration and sedimentation of spherical particles in a yield stress fluid flowing in a horizontal cylindrical pipe[J].AIChE Journal,2009,55(10):2515-2525.
[14]OVARLEZ G,BERTRAND F,COUSSOT P,CHATEAU X.Shear-induced sedimentation in yield stress fluids[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,2012,177:19-28.
[15]AGRAWAL M,BAKKER A,PRINKEY M T.Macroscopic particle model-Tracking big particles in CFD[C]//Proceedings of AIChE 2004 Annual Meeting,Austin,2004,268b.
[16]OOKAWARA S,AGRAWAL M,STREET D,OGAWA K.Quasi-direct numerical simulation of lift force-induced particle separation in a curved microchannel by use of a macroscopic particle model[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2007,62(9):2454-2465.
[17]CHHABRA R P,RICHARDSON J F.Non-Newtonian flow in the process industries:fundamentals and engineering applications[M].Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann,1999:207-255.
[18]SOFRA F.Rheological properties of fresh cemented paste tailings[M].YILMAZ E,FALL M.Paste Tailings Management.Berlin:Springer,Cham,2017:33-57.
[19]ATAPATTU D D,CHHABRA R P,UHLHERR P H T.Creeping sphere motion in Herschel-Bulkley fluids:Flow field and drag[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,1995,59:245-265.
[20]MERKAK O,JOSSIC L,MAGNIN A.Spheres and interactions between spheres moving at very low velocities in a yield stress fluid[J].Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics,2006,133:99-108.
[21]VAN DER HOEF M A,VAN SINT ANNALAND M,DEEN NG,KUIPERS J A M.Numerical simulation of dense gas-solid fluidized beds:A multiscale modeling strategy[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,2008,40:47-70.
[22]WADNERKAR D,AGRAWAL M,TADE M O,PAREEK V.Hydrodynamics of macroscopic particles in slurry suspensions[J].Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering,2016,11(3):467-479.
[23]MITSOULIS E.Flows of viscoplastic materials:Models and computations[J].Rheology Reviews,2007,2007:135-178.
[24]SORIA J,GAUTHIER D,FLAMANT G,RODRIGUEZ R,MAZZA G.Coupling scales for modelling heavy metal vaporization from municipal solid waste incineration in a fluid bed by CFD[J].Waste Management,2015,43:176-187.
[25]AGRAWAL M.Drag force formulation in macroscopic particle model and its validation[C]//Proceedings of AIChE 2009 Annual Meeting,Nashville,2009,163b.
[26]陈松贵.宾汉姆流体的LBM-DEM方法及自密实混凝土复杂流动研究[D].北京:清华大学,2014:69-73.CHEN Song-gui.Development of LBM-DEM for Bingham suspensions with application to self-compacting concrete[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2014:69-73.
[27]WASP E J,KENNY J P,GANDHI R L.Solid-liquid flow slurry pipeline transportation[M].Stafa-Zurich:Trans Tech Publications Ltd.,1977:51-56.
[28]谢振华,宋存义.工程流体力学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2007:67-91.XIE Zhen-hua,SONG Cun-yi.Engineering fluid mechanics[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2007:67-91.