甜瓜种子传带真菌初步研究
|
摘要
采用洗涤检验法和PDA培养基法对来自北京、河北、黑龙江、辽宁、吉林、陕西、甘肃、河南、安徽和上海等地的32个甜瓜品种的种子传带真菌情况进行检测。结果表明,干种子、种子洗涤悬浮液、水洗后种子和1%NaClO处理后的甜瓜种仁均检测到青霉菌、曲霉菌、镰刀菌和链格孢菌;经1%NaClO处理过后的甜瓜种子、种皮和种仁的带菌率明显低于干种子的带菌率,且经1%NaClO处理过后的甜瓜种子和种皮未检测到曲霉菌。
The methods of washing test and PDA plate test were used to detect the seedborne fungi of 32 muskmelon varieties from Beijing,Hebei,Heilongjiang,Liaoning,Jilin,Shaanxi,Gansu,Henan,Anhui and Shanghai.The results showed that Penicillium spp.,Aspergillus spp.,Fusarium spp.,and Alternaria spp. were all isolated from dry seeds,washing suspensions of dry seeds,seeds washed with sterile distilled water,and seed embryos treated by 1% NaClO solutions.The percentage of fungi associated with seeds,seed coats,and seed embryos treated by 1% NaClO solutions was significantly lower than that of the dry seeds;furthermore,Aspergillus spp.was not detected in seeds and coats of muskmelon seeds treated by 1% NaClO solutions.
The methods of washing test and PDA plate test were used to detect the seedborne fungi of 32 muskmelon varieties from Beijing,Hebei,Heilongjiang,Liaoning,Jilin,Shaanxi,Gansu,Henan,Anhui and Shanghai.The results showed that Penicillium spp.,Aspergillus spp.,Fusarium spp.,and Alternaria spp. were all isolated from dry seeds,washing suspensions of dry seeds,seeds washed with sterile distilled water,and seed embryos treated by 1% NaClO solutions.The percentage of fungi associated with seeds,seed coats,and seed embryos treated by 1% NaClO solutions was significantly lower than that of the dry seeds;furthermore,Aspergillus spp.was not detected in seeds and coats of muskmelon seeds treated by 1% NaClO solutions.
引文
[1]焦自高,齐军山主编.甜瓜高效栽培与病虫害识别图谱[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2015.
[2]Lazos E S.Nutritional,fatty acid,and oil characteristics of pumpkin and melon seeds[J].Journal of Food Science,1986,51(5):1382-1383.
[3]张淑霞,崔健,宋云云,等.厚皮甜瓜白粉病的发生与防治[J].落叶果树,2007,39(5):41-42.
[4]卢雪志,高淑兰,张洪顺.甜瓜病害发生与综合防治措施[J].吉林蔬菜,2009(6):41-42.
[5]宋家海,赵永亮,王庆,等.保护地甜瓜病害重发生原因以及综合防治措施[J].中国农村小康科技,2007(8):60-61.
[6]Pushpa K,Borkar G M,Patil D V.Studies on seed borne pathogens of pumpkin,cucumber,watermelon and muskmelon[J].Journal of Soils and Crops,1999,9(2):234-238.
[7]陈祥付,梁斌,张平,等.甜瓜种子带菌及种衣剂处理试验研究[J].种子,2000,19(5):53-54.
[8]方中达.植病研究方法(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[9]Mathur S B.Common laboratory seed health testing methods for detecting fungi[M].International Seed Testing Association,2003.
[10]周与良,刑来君.真菌学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1986.
[11]魏景超.真菌鉴定手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.
[12]Leslie J F,Summerell B A.The Fusarium laboratory manual[M].Blackwell Publishing,IA,USA,2006.
[13]Simmons E G.Alternaria:an identification manual[M].CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre,Utrecht,Netherlands,2007.
[14]Risser G,Banihashemi Z,Davis D W.A proposed nomenclature of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.melonis races and resistance genes in Cucumis melo[J].Phytopathology,1976,66(9):1105-1106.
[15]Chehri K,Salleh B,Yli-Mattila T,et al.Molecular characterization of pathogenic Fusarium species in cucurbit plants from Kermanshah province,Iran[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2011,18(4):341-351.
[16]杨颖,耿丽华,王建设,等.甜瓜根腐病病原分离与抗源鉴定[J].华北农学报,2010,25(4):218-220.
[17]Bora T,?zaktan H,G?re E,et al.Biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.melonis by wettable powder formulations of the two strains of Pseudomonas putida[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2004,152(8-9):471-475.
[18]Vakalounakis D J.Alternaria alternata f.sp.cucurbitae,the cause of a new leaf spot disease of melon (Cucumis melo)[J].Annals of Applied Biology,1990,117(3):507-513.
[19]王恒亮.蔬菜病虫害诊治原色图鉴[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2013.
[20]Jackson C R.Taxonomy and range of Alternaria cucumerina[J].Phytopathology,1958,48(6):343-344.
[21]Jackson C R,Weber G F.Morphology and taxonomy of Alternaria cucumerina[J].Mycologia,1959,51(3):401-408.
[22]吕佩珂.中国现代蔬菜病虫害原色图鉴[M].呼和浩特:远方出版社,2008.
[23]陈秀蓉.甜瓜大斑病寄主及其抗病性研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1993,28(4):364-368.
[2]Lazos E S.Nutritional,fatty acid,and oil characteristics of pumpkin and melon seeds[J].Journal of Food Science,1986,51(5):1382-1383.
[3]张淑霞,崔健,宋云云,等.厚皮甜瓜白粉病的发生与防治[J].落叶果树,2007,39(5):41-42.
[4]卢雪志,高淑兰,张洪顺.甜瓜病害发生与综合防治措施[J].吉林蔬菜,2009(6):41-42.
[5]宋家海,赵永亮,王庆,等.保护地甜瓜病害重发生原因以及综合防治措施[J].中国农村小康科技,2007(8):60-61.
[6]Pushpa K,Borkar G M,Patil D V.Studies on seed borne pathogens of pumpkin,cucumber,watermelon and muskmelon[J].Journal of Soils and Crops,1999,9(2):234-238.
[7]陈祥付,梁斌,张平,等.甜瓜种子带菌及种衣剂处理试验研究[J].种子,2000,19(5):53-54.
[8]方中达.植病研究方法(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[9]Mathur S B.Common laboratory seed health testing methods for detecting fungi[M].International Seed Testing Association,2003.
[10]周与良,刑来君.真菌学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1986.
[11]魏景超.真菌鉴定手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.
[12]Leslie J F,Summerell B A.The Fusarium laboratory manual[M].Blackwell Publishing,IA,USA,2006.
[13]Simmons E G.Alternaria:an identification manual[M].CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre,Utrecht,Netherlands,2007.
[14]Risser G,Banihashemi Z,Davis D W.A proposed nomenclature of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.melonis races and resistance genes in Cucumis melo[J].Phytopathology,1976,66(9):1105-1106.
[15]Chehri K,Salleh B,Yli-Mattila T,et al.Molecular characterization of pathogenic Fusarium species in cucurbit plants from Kermanshah province,Iran[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2011,18(4):341-351.
[16]杨颖,耿丽华,王建设,等.甜瓜根腐病病原分离与抗源鉴定[J].华北农学报,2010,25(4):218-220.
[17]Bora T,?zaktan H,G?re E,et al.Biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.melonis by wettable powder formulations of the two strains of Pseudomonas putida[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2004,152(8-9):471-475.
[18]Vakalounakis D J.Alternaria alternata f.sp.cucurbitae,the cause of a new leaf spot disease of melon (Cucumis melo)[J].Annals of Applied Biology,1990,117(3):507-513.
[19]王恒亮.蔬菜病虫害诊治原色图鉴[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2013.
[20]Jackson C R.Taxonomy and range of Alternaria cucumerina[J].Phytopathology,1958,48(6):343-344.
[21]Jackson C R,Weber G F.Morphology and taxonomy of Alternaria cucumerina[J].Mycologia,1959,51(3):401-408.
[22]吕佩珂.中国现代蔬菜病虫害原色图鉴[M].呼和浩特:远方出版社,2008.
[23]陈秀蓉.甜瓜大斑病寄主及其抗病性研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1993,28(4):364-368.