区域供冷系统的冷量传递控制与末端冷量调节
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摘要
为了实现区域供冷系统的冷量传递与末端温度调节,建立了冷量经一个二级冷量交换站由水系统向风系统传递的理论模型,并结合房间内的温度动态变化模型,推导出了水系统一次侧流量与空调末端房间温度的传递函数.采用水系统一次侧变水量与空调末端变风量结合的技术,根据冷负荷变化,分别采用PI控制器和PID控制器实时调整水泵与风机的转速,并对风机与水泵进行能耗建模与节能分析,以实现空调房内温度的控制与电量的节约目的.最后通过Simulink软件仿真,给出了空调房内温度、水泵转速、水流量、节能量等参数变化的示意图,展示了文中节能控制方法的有效性.
In order to realize the cold transmitting and terminal temperature adjusting of district cooling systems,a transitive theoretical model of the cold from a water system to an air system by a two-stage cooling exchange station is constructed,and by combining a dynamic change model of indoor temperature,a transfer function from the volume of the water-system primary side to the indoor temperature of the air conditioning terminal is derived. Then,the technology integrating the variable water volume( VWV) of the water-system primary side with the variable air volume( VAV) of the air conditioning terminal is applied,and according to the change of cold load,the PI and PID controllers are respectively employed to adjust the speed of pumps and fans in real-time. Moreover,the energyconsumption modeling and energy-saving analysis of the fans and the pumps are performed,so as to control the indoor temperature and save the electric quantity. Finally,by using the Simulink software,the schematic diagrams of the variation of such parameters as the indoor temperature,the pump speed,the water volume,and the energy-saving quantity are put forward,and the effectiveness of the above energy-saving control method is exhibited.
In order to realize the cold transmitting and terminal temperature adjusting of district cooling systems,a transitive theoretical model of the cold from a water system to an air system by a two-stage cooling exchange station is constructed,and by combining a dynamic change model of indoor temperature,a transfer function from the volume of the water-system primary side to the indoor temperature of the air conditioning terminal is derived. Then,the technology integrating the variable water volume( VWV) of the water-system primary side with the variable air volume( VAV) of the air conditioning terminal is applied,and according to the change of cold load,the PI and PID controllers are respectively employed to adjust the speed of pumps and fans in real-time. Moreover,the energyconsumption modeling and energy-saving analysis of the fans and the pumps are performed,so as to control the indoor temperature and save the electric quantity. Finally,by using the Simulink software,the schematic diagrams of the variation of such parameters as the indoor temperature,the pump speed,the water volume,and the energy-saving quantity are put forward,and the effectiveness of the above energy-saving control method is exhibited.
引文
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[2]刘金平,文建良,刘雪峰.空调冷水系统变频调节节能效果的试验研究[J].暖通空调,2010,40(3):68-72.LIU Jin-ping,WEN Jian-liang,LIU Xue-feng.Experimental research on energy saving effects of variable frequency chilled water system of air conditioning[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,2010,40(3):68-72.
[3]张吉礼,赵天怡,陈永攀.大型公建空调系统节能控制研究进展[J].建筑热能通风空调,2011,30(3):1-14.ZHANG Ji-li,ZHAO Tian-yi,CHEN Yong-pan.Optimal design for tree-shaped chilled water pipe network in district cooling systems[J].Building Energy&Environment,2011,30(3):1-14.
[4]刘金平,陈志勤.区域供冷系统枝状冷水输送管网的优化设计[J].暖通空调,2006,36(7):18-22.LIU Jin-ping,CHEN Zhi-qin.Optimal design for treeshaped chilled water pipe network in district cooling systems[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,2006,36(7):18-22.
[5]王亮,卢军,陈明,等.空调系统冷水泵并联变频优化运行[J].暖通空调,2011,41(12):114-116.WANG Liang,LU Jun,CHEN Ming,et al.Optimal operation of parallel variable frequency chilled water pumps in air conditioning system[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,2011,41(12):114-116.
[6]肖晓坤,晋欣桥,刘培俊,等.变水量空调系统供水温度和供水压力优化控制研究[J].流体机械,2004,32(5):42-45.XIAO Xiao-kun,JIN Xin-qiao,LIU Pei-jun,et al.Research on optimal control of chilled water temperature and head of secondary pump in VWV systems[J].Fluid Machinery,2004,32(5):42-45.
[7]晋欣桥,夏凊,周兴禧,等.多区域变风量空调系统送风温度的优化节能控制[J].上海交通大学学报,2000,34(4):507-512.JIN Xin-qiao,XIA Jing,ZHOU Xing-xi,et al.On-line control strategies of supply air temperature for multi-zone VAV air-conditioning system[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2000,34(4):507-512.
[8]戴斌文,狄洪发.变风量空调系统风机总风量控制方法[J].暖通空调,1999,29(3):1-6.DAI Bin-wen,DI Hong-fa.Fan control method by total air volume in VAV systems[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,1999,29(3):1-6.
[9]王建明,李训铭.变风量系统空调房间建模与特性参数估算[J].计算机仿真,2002,19(4):69-72.WANG Jian-ming,LI Xun-ming.Model and estimating of the characteristic parameters for the air conditioning room of the VAV system[J].Computer Simulation,2002,19(4):69-72.
[10]AHMED S S,MAJID M S,NOVIA H,et al.Fuzzy logic based energy saving technique for a central air conditioning system[J].Energy,2007,32(7):1222-1234.
[11]闫军威,刘洋,周璇,等.基于数值模拟的空调末端节能优化[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(4):144-149.YAN Jun-wei,LIU Yang,ZHOU Xuan,et al.Energy-saving optimization of air conditioning terminal device based on numerical simulation[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2012,40(4):144-149.
[12]刘金平,刘磊,刘雪峰,等.办公建筑空调制冷系统节能改造分析[J].建筑科学,2012(2):23-28.LIU Jin-ping,LIU Lei,LIU Xue-feng,et al.Analysis on energy-saving retrofit of air-conditioning system of an office building[J].Building Science,2012(2):23-28.
[13]LU L,CAI W,CHAI Y S,et al.Global optimization for overall HVAC systems(Part I):problem formulation and analysis[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2005,46(7):999-1014.
[14]LU L,CAI W,SOH Y C,et al.Global optimization for overall HVAC systems(Part II):problem solution and simulations[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2005,46(7):1015-1028.
[15]闫军威.区域供冷系统节能优化运行与控制方法研究及系统实现[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012.
[16]李明海.中央空调水系统的优化控制与节能技术研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2011.
[17]ASHRAE.ASHRAE handbook-HVAC applications[M].Atlanta:ASHRAE,2007:489-504.