严寒地区某办公建筑空气源热泵系统供暖季运行性能分析
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摘要
空气源热泵作为清洁能源应用的重要组成部分,在我国北方地区大范围推广使用,由于严寒和寒冷地区室外温度过低,低温空气源热泵在实际运行中出现性能系数过低、机组和水泵耗电量偏大等问题。本文针对严寒地区某办公建筑空气源热泵供暖季进行长期监测,分析热泵实际运行特性和系统性能,探究空气源热泵实际运行效果偏低的原因,实测分析表明,热泵供回水平均温度为32.98℃和30.26℃,室温保证率为84%,经贡献率修正指数heat修正后为75%,热泵机组COP为1.55;机组启停频繁、热泵输配系统能耗过高以及机组制热量和建筑瞬时负荷不匹配均为性能系数偏低的关键因素。
As an important part of clean energy application,air source heat pump is widely recommended in northern China.Due to the low outdoor temperature in cold and severe cold regions,such questions as too low COP and fairly high power consumption of units and pumps appear during the actual operation of low temperature air source heat pump.Taking the air source heat pump of an office building during the heating season in severe cold area,this paper analyzes the actual operating characteristics and system performance of the heat pump,and explores the reason why the actual operation of the air source heat pump is too low.The measured analysis shows that the average temperature of the heat pump supply and return water is 32.98 °C and 30.26°C,the room temperature guarantee rate is 84%,the contribution rate correction index βheat is corrected to 75%,the heat pump unit COP is 1.55.Frequent start and stop of units,excessive energy consumption of heat pump transmission and distribution system and mismatch of unit heat and building instantaneous load are the key factors of low COP.
As an important part of clean energy application,air source heat pump is widely recommended in northern China.Due to the low outdoor temperature in cold and severe cold regions,such questions as too low COP and fairly high power consumption of units and pumps appear during the actual operation of low temperature air source heat pump.Taking the air source heat pump of an office building during the heating season in severe cold area,this paper analyzes the actual operating characteristics and system performance of the heat pump,and explores the reason why the actual operation of the air source heat pump is too low.The measured analysis shows that the average temperature of the heat pump supply and return water is 32.98 °C and 30.26°C,the room temperature guarantee rate is 84%,the contribution rate correction index βheat is corrected to 75%,the heat pump unit COP is 1.55.Frequent start and stop of units,excessive energy consumption of heat pump transmission and distribution system and mismatch of unit heat and building instantaneous load are the key factors of low COP.
引文
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[12]宋晓帆,吕建.高校建筑负荷模拟及热泵机组性能分析[J].煤气与热力,2018,38(05):9-13.
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[14]周严,魏庆芃,胡新语,张辉.空气源热泵系统在胶东地区的使用效果实测[J].暖通空调,2017,47(10):142-148.
[15]刘珊,姚春妮,郭梁雨.基于地源热泵示范项目检测数据的系统性能系数影响因素分析[J].建设科技,2013(20):22-24.
[2]张行星,赵旭东,谭军毅,马世歌.欧洲低温空气源热泵技术发展现状[J].暖通空调,2015,45(07):48-52.
[3]周亮亮,李贺,白建民,汪雨清,姚晶珊.低温环境下复叠式空气源热泵热水系统的实验研究[J].建筑科学,2013,29(04):10-14.
[4]SHAO Suola.,ZHANG Huan,YOU Shijun et al.Thermal performance analysis of a new refrigerant-heated radiator coupledwith air-source heat pump heating system[J].Applied Energy,2019,247:78-88.
[5]李思慧,龚光彩,周富玉,刘日明.空气源热泵与建筑耦合的变工况分析及优化[J].制冷学报,2018,39(05):112-120.
[6]陈晓宁,杨志宇,陈江平,熊玮.北京地区户式空气源热泵地板辐射供热系统运行特性研究[J].建筑技术,2016,47(11):990-993.
[7]武晓伟,李洁.严寒地区太阳能-空气源热泵供暖系统优化运行试验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2019,40(04):900-906.
[8]李爱松,李忠,刘宗江,聂晶晶.北京农村地区空气源热泵供暖系统监测分析[J].建筑节能,2018,46(10):29-32.
[9]GB/T 50801-2013,《可再生能源建筑应用工程评价标准》[S].
[10]JGJT 347-2014,《建筑热环境测试方法标准》[S].
[11]GB50189-2015,《公共建筑节能设计标准》[S].
[12]宋晓帆,吕建.高校建筑负荷模拟及热泵机组性能分析[J].煤气与热力,2018,38(05):9-13.
[13]王伟,吴旭,孙育英,刘景东,白晓夏.不同除霜周期对空气源热泵运行性能影响的实测研究[J].暖通空调,2018,48(06):1-7.
[14]周严,魏庆芃,胡新语,张辉.空气源热泵系统在胶东地区的使用效果实测[J].暖通空调,2017,47(10):142-148.
[15]刘珊,姚春妮,郭梁雨.基于地源热泵示范项目检测数据的系统性能系数影响因素分析[J].建设科技,2013(20):22-24.