±800 kV换流变压器阀侧套管绝缘结构设计分析
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摘要
±800kV换流变阀侧套管是实现特高压换流变压器与阀塔电气连接的重要设备,主要针对其内外绝缘结构进行设计分析。讨论了换流变套管的实际运行环境和承受的电压、电流波形特征;利用等裕度法设计套管主绝缘结构,通过有限元法对其电、热、力多物理场进行模拟分析;对换流变套管从空心复合绝缘子、套管均压罩、套管尾部3方面进行了设计和分析;建立了换流变套管三维电场仿真计算模型,在实际运行环境下对其外绝缘性能进行计算分析。研究结果表明:套管主绝缘宜采用电容式结构,且套管芯子轴向场强最大值为0.62 kV·mm~(-1),额定运行条件下最热点温度为85℃,套管端部应装配苹果型均压罩;套管空心复合绝缘子的绝缘距离设计为7 490mm,且尾部的绝缘距离设计为3110mm。该计算结果可为±800kV高压直流输电工程用换流变套管绝缘结构设计提供一定的理论依据。
A ±800 kV high voltage capacitor filled SF_6 gas bushing is an important device to realize the electrical connection between a converter transformer and a valve tower. We mainly analyzed the design of the external and internal insulation structure, and discussed the actual operating environment and the characteristics of the voltage and current waveform of converter transformer bushing. Moreover, we designed and analyzed the hollow composite insulator, corona ring and tail end of the bushing. The main insulation structure of bushing was designed by the equal margin method, and simulation and analysis of the multi-physical field were performed by FEM. Meanwhile, a three-dimensional electric field simulation model was set up to calculate and analyze the external insulation performance of the bushing. The results show that the main insulation of the bushing is fit to the capacitance structure, the maximum axial field strength of the bushing is 0.62 kV·mm~(-1), the hot-spot temperature under the rated operating condition is 85 degree centigrade, and the end of the bushing should be equipped with apple-type corona ring. The insulation distance of the hollow composite insulator is designed as 7 490 mm. The insulation distance of the bushing tail is designed as 3 110 mm. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the design of the external insulation of the converter transformer bushing used in HVDC transmission projects.
A ±800 kV high voltage capacitor filled SF_6 gas bushing is an important device to realize the electrical connection between a converter transformer and a valve tower. We mainly analyzed the design of the external and internal insulation structure, and discussed the actual operating environment and the characteristics of the voltage and current waveform of converter transformer bushing. Moreover, we designed and analyzed the hollow composite insulator, corona ring and tail end of the bushing. The main insulation structure of bushing was designed by the equal margin method, and simulation and analysis of the multi-physical field were performed by FEM. Meanwhile, a three-dimensional electric field simulation model was set up to calculate and analyze the external insulation performance of the bushing. The results show that the main insulation of the bushing is fit to the capacitance structure, the maximum axial field strength of the bushing is 0.62 kV·mm~(-1), the hot-spot temperature under the rated operating condition is 85 degree centigrade, and the end of the bushing should be equipped with apple-type corona ring. The insulation distance of the hollow composite insulator is designed as 7 490 mm. The insulation distance of the bushing tail is designed as 3 110 mm. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the design of the external insulation of the converter transformer bushing used in HVDC transmission projects.
引文
[1]梁旭明,张平,常勇.高压直流输电技术现状及发展前景[J].电网技术,2012,36(4):1-9.LIANG Xuming,ZHANG Ping,CHANG Yong.Recent advances in high-voltage direct-current power transmission and its developing potential[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(4):1-9.
[2]谢恒堃.电气绝缘结构设计原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992.XIE Hengkun.Electrical insulation design principles[M].Beijing,China:Mechanical Industry Press,1992.
[3]李鹏,谷琛,陈东,等.±1 500 k V特高压直流输电技术前期研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(10):3139-3148.LI Peng,GU Chen,CHEN Dong,et al.Development of technologies in±1 500 kV UHVDC transmission research[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(10):3139-3148.
[4]张学成,檀金华,牛万宇.±1 100 k V直流输电工程换流变压器阀侧套管的设计[J].高电压技术,2012,38(2):393-399.ZHANG Xuecheng,TAN Jinhua,NIU Wanyu.Bushings design of converter transformer’s valve side of UHVDC transmission project[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(2):393-399.
[5]张施令,彭宗仁,吴昊.±800 kV换流变压器阀侧干式套管的损耗分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(7):1758-1764.ZHANG Shiling,PENG Zongren,WU Hao.Analysis on power loss of valve-side RIP bushing for±800 kV converter transformer[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(7):1758-1764.
[6]林莘,温苗,沈文,等.复杂电场作用下换流变压器套管绝缘特性分析[J].高压电器,2015,51(4):1-6.LIN Xin,WEN Miao,SHEN Wen,et al.Analysis on insulation property of converter transformer bushing under complex voltage[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(4):1-6.
[7]陈忠,伍衡,黄和燕,等.±800 kV直流穿墙套管耐压试验发生外闪络原因分析及改进措施[J].高电压技术,2011,37(9):2133-2139.CHEN Zhong,WU Heng,HUANG Heyan,et al.Cause analysis and improvement measure of±800 kV DC wall bushing occurring flashover during overvoltage withstand test[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(9):2133-2139.
[8]HOSOKAWA M,OKUMURA K,YAMAGIWA T,et al.Dielectric performance of improved gas insulated bushing for UHV GIS[J].IEEETransaction on Power Delivery,1987,2(2):359-366.
[9]NIE D X,ZHANG H L,CHEN Z,et al.Optimization design of grading ring and electrical field analysis of 800 kV UHVDC wall bushing[J].IEEE Transaction on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2013,20(4):1361-1368.
[10]王加龙,彭宗仁,刘鹏,等.±1 100 k V特高压换流站阀厅均压屏蔽金具表面电场分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(11):3728-3736.WANG Jialong,PENG Zongren,LIU Peng,et al.Analysis of electric field on the surface of grading and shielding fittings inside±1 100 kVultra-high voltage converter valve hall[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(11):3728-3736.
[11]张施令,彭宗仁.换流变压器出线装置非线性电场模拟及其绝缘结构优化[J].高电压技术,2018,44(6):2048-2059.ZHANG Shiling,PENG Zongren.Nonlinear E-field simulation of converter transformer outlet and its structure optimization[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(6):2048-2059.
[12]谢强,马国梁,何畅,等.1 100 kV气体绝缘开关设备瓷套管抗震性能振动台试验研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(8):2596-2604.XIE Qiang,MA Guoliang,HE Chang,et al.Shaking table test study on seismic performance of 1 100 kV gas insulated switchgear porcelain bushing[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(8):2596-2604.
[13]温苗,林莘,仲思蒙.变压器套管传热性能的数值模拟和试验验证[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):2956-2961.WEN Miao,LIN Xin,ZHONG Simeng.Numerical simulation and experimental study of heat transfer characteristics in transformer bushing[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):2956-2961.
[14]张施令,彭宗仁.高压换流变阀侧SF6气体套管外绝缘结构设计[J].高压电器,2019,55(4):117-124.ZHANG Shiling,PENG Zongren.Design of SF6 gas bushing external insulation structure on high voltage converter transformer valve side[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2019,55(4):117-124.
[15]JACOB N D,MCDERMID W M,KORDI B.On-line monitoring of partial discharges in a HVDC station environment[J].IEEE Transaction on Magnetics,2012,19(3):925-935.
[16]TANG L,RAGHUVEER M R.Modelling of HVDC wall bushing flashover due to uneven wetting[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1999,14(1):194-199.
[17]党沙沙,许洋,张红松.ANSYS12.0多物理耦合场有限元分析入门到精通[M].北京:机械出版社,2010:254-311.DANG Shasha,XU Yang,ZHANG Hongsong.ANSYS12.0 finite element analysis of multiphysics coupling field from start to master[M].Beijing,China:China Mechanical Press,2010:254-311.
[18]MONGA S,GORUR R S.Design optimization of high voltage bushing using electric field computations[J].IEEE Transaction on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2006,13(6):1217-1224.
[19]周训通,胥建文,冯争人,等.±800 kV换流变压器调压引线电流引起的结构件环流研究[J].高电压技术,2018,44(7):2424-2432.ZHOU Xuntong,XU Jianwen,FENG Zhengren,et al.Research on structure parts loop current caused by current of voltage regulation leads of±800 kV converter transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2008,44(7):2424-2432.
[20]GUGAT J L,KRANTZ M C,GERKEN M.Two-dimensional versus three-dimensional finite-element method simulations of cantilever magnetoelectric sensors[J].IEEE Transaction on Magnetics,2013,49(10):5287-5293.
[2]谢恒堃.电气绝缘结构设计原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992.XIE Hengkun.Electrical insulation design principles[M].Beijing,China:Mechanical Industry Press,1992.
[3]李鹏,谷琛,陈东,等.±1 500 k V特高压直流输电技术前期研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(10):3139-3148.LI Peng,GU Chen,CHEN Dong,et al.Development of technologies in±1 500 kV UHVDC transmission research[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(10):3139-3148.
[4]张学成,檀金华,牛万宇.±1 100 k V直流输电工程换流变压器阀侧套管的设计[J].高电压技术,2012,38(2):393-399.ZHANG Xuecheng,TAN Jinhua,NIU Wanyu.Bushings design of converter transformer’s valve side of UHVDC transmission project[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(2):393-399.
[5]张施令,彭宗仁,吴昊.±800 kV换流变压器阀侧干式套管的损耗分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(7):1758-1764.ZHANG Shiling,PENG Zongren,WU Hao.Analysis on power loss of valve-side RIP bushing for±800 kV converter transformer[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(7):1758-1764.
[6]林莘,温苗,沈文,等.复杂电场作用下换流变压器套管绝缘特性分析[J].高压电器,2015,51(4):1-6.LIN Xin,WEN Miao,SHEN Wen,et al.Analysis on insulation property of converter transformer bushing under complex voltage[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(4):1-6.
[7]陈忠,伍衡,黄和燕,等.±800 kV直流穿墙套管耐压试验发生外闪络原因分析及改进措施[J].高电压技术,2011,37(9):2133-2139.CHEN Zhong,WU Heng,HUANG Heyan,et al.Cause analysis and improvement measure of±800 kV DC wall bushing occurring flashover during overvoltage withstand test[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(9):2133-2139.
[8]HOSOKAWA M,OKUMURA K,YAMAGIWA T,et al.Dielectric performance of improved gas insulated bushing for UHV GIS[J].IEEETransaction on Power Delivery,1987,2(2):359-366.
[9]NIE D X,ZHANG H L,CHEN Z,et al.Optimization design of grading ring and electrical field analysis of 800 kV UHVDC wall bushing[J].IEEE Transaction on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2013,20(4):1361-1368.
[10]王加龙,彭宗仁,刘鹏,等.±1 100 k V特高压换流站阀厅均压屏蔽金具表面电场分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(11):3728-3736.WANG Jialong,PENG Zongren,LIU Peng,et al.Analysis of electric field on the surface of grading and shielding fittings inside±1 100 kVultra-high voltage converter valve hall[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(11):3728-3736.
[11]张施令,彭宗仁.换流变压器出线装置非线性电场模拟及其绝缘结构优化[J].高电压技术,2018,44(6):2048-2059.ZHANG Shiling,PENG Zongren.Nonlinear E-field simulation of converter transformer outlet and its structure optimization[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(6):2048-2059.
[12]谢强,马国梁,何畅,等.1 100 kV气体绝缘开关设备瓷套管抗震性能振动台试验研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(8):2596-2604.XIE Qiang,MA Guoliang,HE Chang,et al.Shaking table test study on seismic performance of 1 100 kV gas insulated switchgear porcelain bushing[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(8):2596-2604.
[13]温苗,林莘,仲思蒙.变压器套管传热性能的数值模拟和试验验证[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):2956-2961.WEN Miao,LIN Xin,ZHONG Simeng.Numerical simulation and experimental study of heat transfer characteristics in transformer bushing[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):2956-2961.
[14]张施令,彭宗仁.高压换流变阀侧SF6气体套管外绝缘结构设计[J].高压电器,2019,55(4):117-124.ZHANG Shiling,PENG Zongren.Design of SF6 gas bushing external insulation structure on high voltage converter transformer valve side[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2019,55(4):117-124.
[15]JACOB N D,MCDERMID W M,KORDI B.On-line monitoring of partial discharges in a HVDC station environment[J].IEEE Transaction on Magnetics,2012,19(3):925-935.
[16]TANG L,RAGHUVEER M R.Modelling of HVDC wall bushing flashover due to uneven wetting[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1999,14(1):194-199.
[17]党沙沙,许洋,张红松.ANSYS12.0多物理耦合场有限元分析入门到精通[M].北京:机械出版社,2010:254-311.DANG Shasha,XU Yang,ZHANG Hongsong.ANSYS12.0 finite element analysis of multiphysics coupling field from start to master[M].Beijing,China:China Mechanical Press,2010:254-311.
[18]MONGA S,GORUR R S.Design optimization of high voltage bushing using electric field computations[J].IEEE Transaction on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2006,13(6):1217-1224.
[19]周训通,胥建文,冯争人,等.±800 kV换流变压器调压引线电流引起的结构件环流研究[J].高电压技术,2018,44(7):2424-2432.ZHOU Xuntong,XU Jianwen,FENG Zhengren,et al.Research on structure parts loop current caused by current of voltage regulation leads of±800 kV converter transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2008,44(7):2424-2432.
[20]GUGAT J L,KRANTZ M C,GERKEN M.Two-dimensional versus three-dimensional finite-element method simulations of cantilever magnetoelectric sensors[J].IEEE Transaction on Magnetics,2013,49(10):5287-5293.