2006—2017年江阴市职业性化学灼伤流行病学特征
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摘要
目的了解2006—2017年江阴市职业性化学灼伤的发病情况,分析其发病特征,为提出有效的防控措施提供依据。方法根据中国疾病预防控制中心职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统中报告的2006—2017年江阴市职业性化学灼伤资料,建立数据库并进行相应的统计分析。结果 2006—2017年江阴市共报告163例职业性化学灼伤,其中男性148例(占90.8%)、女性15例(占9.2%);包括职业性化学性皮肤灼伤81例(占49.7%),职业性化学性眼灼伤82例(占50.3%),发病例数曲线呈"A"型变化趋势。职业性化学灼伤病例分布:企业规模主要分布在小型企业,占66.3%(108例);经济类型主要分布在私营企业,占61.3%(100例);行业分布主要分布在化学原料和化学制品生产行业,占24.5%(40例)。作业工龄<3年病例数较多,占57.1%(93例)。结论 2016—2017年江阴市职业性皮肤灼伤发病形势不容乐观,仍需加强职业性化学灼伤的防控工作;关注短工龄者,尤其应关注化学原料和化学制品类的小型私营企业。
[Objective]To understand the incidence of occupational chemical burns in Jiangyin City from 2006-2017, to analyze the incidence features, and provide the basis for effective prevention and control measures. [Methods] Based on the Jiangyin2006-2017 occupational chemical burns data from Chinese CDC's occupational disease and occupational health monitoring system, a database was established to conduct corresponding statistical analysis.[Results]From 2006 to 2017, 163 cases of occupational chemical burns were reported in Jiangyin City, including 148 male cases(90.8%) and 15 female cases(9.2%), 81 cases of occupational chemical skin burns(49.7%) and 82 cases of occupational chemical eye burns(50.3%), the incidence curve showed a trend of "A" type change. Distribution of cases of occupational chemical burns showed small enterprises accounted for66.3%(108 cases); the economic type showed most cases distributed in the private enterprises, accounting for 61.3%(100 cases). Chemical raw materials and chemical production industry was the major industry with most cases, accounting for 24.5%(40 cases). The number of cases with service length <3 years was relatively large, accounting for 57.1%(93 cases).[Conclusion]From 2016-2017, the incidence of occupational skin burns in Jiangyin is not optimistic, and prevention and control of occupational chemical burns still needs to be strengthened. Attention should be paid to those with short service length,especially to small private enterprises dealing with chemical raw materials and chemicals.
[Objective]To understand the incidence of occupational chemical burns in Jiangyin City from 2006-2017, to analyze the incidence features, and provide the basis for effective prevention and control measures. [Methods] Based on the Jiangyin2006-2017 occupational chemical burns data from Chinese CDC's occupational disease and occupational health monitoring system, a database was established to conduct corresponding statistical analysis.[Results]From 2006 to 2017, 163 cases of occupational chemical burns were reported in Jiangyin City, including 148 male cases(90.8%) and 15 female cases(9.2%), 81 cases of occupational chemical skin burns(49.7%) and 82 cases of occupational chemical eye burns(50.3%), the incidence curve showed a trend of "A" type change. Distribution of cases of occupational chemical burns showed small enterprises accounted for66.3%(108 cases); the economic type showed most cases distributed in the private enterprises, accounting for 61.3%(100 cases). Chemical raw materials and chemical production industry was the major industry with most cases, accounting for 24.5%(40 cases). The number of cases with service length <3 years was relatively large, accounting for 57.1%(93 cases).[Conclusion]From 2016-2017, the incidence of occupational skin burns in Jiangyin is not optimistic, and prevention and control of occupational chemical burns still needs to be strengthened. Attention should be paid to those with short service length,especially to small private enterprises dealing with chemical raw materials and chemicals.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.国家卫生计生委等4部门关于印发《职业病分类和目录》的通知(国卫疾控发[2013]48号)[EB/OL].(2013-12-23)[2013-12-30]. http://www.moh.gov.cn/jkj/s5898b/201312/3abbd667050849d19b3bf6439a48b775.shtml.
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[5]俞丹丹,王丽华,王莉萍,等. 2004—2014年上海市金山区职业性眼病流行病学特征[J].环境与职业医学,2015,32(11):1047-1050.
[6]许明佳,刘小方,吴晓宏,等.上海市金山区2006—2015年职业性化学灼伤发病特征及防控策略[J].环境与职业医学,2017,34(6):517-520.
[7]陈献文,冯鸿义,张捷,等. 2006—2013年江阴市672例新发尘肺病特点分析[J].中国煤炭工业医学杂志,2015,18(2):266-271.
[8]冯鸿义,张捷,周菊静,等. 2006—2013年江阴市职业病发病情况[J].职业与健康,2015,31(16):2177-2179.
[9]周学良.危险化学品安全生产系列讲座之危险化学品的安全技术[J].杭州化工,2015,45(2):5-9.
[10]黄海英,李晓文,骆加杰.深圳市坪山新区10年职业病发病情况分析[J].职业与健康,2012,28(22):2724-2725.
[11]聂传丽,黎海红,段平宁,等.某企业盐酸、氨和次氯酸钠装置应急救援措施分析[J].工业卫生与职业病,2013,39(1):62-63.
[12]闻建范.化学灼伤现场创面冲洗方法探讨[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2017,35(1):79-80.
[13]崔亮,殷伦祥.实验室化学灼伤事故的预防与应急处理[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2013,31(4):215-216.
[14]罗巧,黄永顺,温贤忠,等. 2006—2013年广东省新发职业性皮肤病分布特点与防治对策探讨[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(5):530-534.
[15]吴晓宏,王丽华.2006—2015年上海市金山区职业性化学中毒与化学灼伤的病因及防控策略[J].职业与健康,2018,34(4):554-556.
[16]黎燕,王祖兵.职业病型医疗纠纷产生机理及对策研究[J].中国公共卫生管理,2015,31(6):782-783.
[2]中华人民共和国国家统计局.国家统计局关于印发《统计上大中小微型企业划分办法(2017)》的通知[EB/OL].(2017-12-28)[2018-01-03]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz.
[3]中华人民共和国国家统计局.关于划分企业登记注册类型的规定[EB/OL].(2011-11-01)[2011-11-01]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz.
[4]中华人民共和国国家统计局. 2017年国民经济行业分类:GB/T4754-2017[S/OL].(2017-06-30)[2017-10-01]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz.
[5]俞丹丹,王丽华,王莉萍,等. 2004—2014年上海市金山区职业性眼病流行病学特征[J].环境与职业医学,2015,32(11):1047-1050.
[6]许明佳,刘小方,吴晓宏,等.上海市金山区2006—2015年职业性化学灼伤发病特征及防控策略[J].环境与职业医学,2017,34(6):517-520.
[7]陈献文,冯鸿义,张捷,等. 2006—2013年江阴市672例新发尘肺病特点分析[J].中国煤炭工业医学杂志,2015,18(2):266-271.
[8]冯鸿义,张捷,周菊静,等. 2006—2013年江阴市职业病发病情况[J].职业与健康,2015,31(16):2177-2179.
[9]周学良.危险化学品安全生产系列讲座之危险化学品的安全技术[J].杭州化工,2015,45(2):5-9.
[10]黄海英,李晓文,骆加杰.深圳市坪山新区10年职业病发病情况分析[J].职业与健康,2012,28(22):2724-2725.
[11]聂传丽,黎海红,段平宁,等.某企业盐酸、氨和次氯酸钠装置应急救援措施分析[J].工业卫生与职业病,2013,39(1):62-63.
[12]闻建范.化学灼伤现场创面冲洗方法探讨[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2017,35(1):79-80.
[13]崔亮,殷伦祥.实验室化学灼伤事故的预防与应急处理[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2013,31(4):215-216.
[14]罗巧,黄永顺,温贤忠,等. 2006—2013年广东省新发职业性皮肤病分布特点与防治对策探讨[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(5):530-534.
[15]吴晓宏,王丽华.2006—2015年上海市金山区职业性化学中毒与化学灼伤的病因及防控策略[J].职业与健康,2018,34(4):554-556.
[16]黎燕,王祖兵.职业病型医疗纠纷产生机理及对策研究[J].中国公共卫生管理,2015,31(6):782-783.