北京农学院常见树种吸附大气颗粒物能力研究
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摘要
【目的】筛选出吸附能力较强的树种,为改善大气污染提供参考。【方法】在2017年4月末采集北京农学院梧桐、国槐、桧柏、银杏、金叶复叶槭树种叶片,应用气溶胶再发生器测得单位叶面积对不同粒径大气颗粒物(TSP、PM10、PM2.5、PM1.0)的滞留量,并用电镜扫描叶表面微观形态。【结果】结果表明:常见树种单位面积叶片对不同粒径大气颗粒物的吸附能力各有差异。对TSP和PM10吸附能力大小依次为:银杏、桧柏、国槐、金叶复叶槭、梧桐,而对PM2.5和PM1.0的吸附能力最大是桧柏,最小的是梧桐,银杏、国槐、金叶槭叶片对于PM2.5和PM1.0吸附能力大小各不相同。【结论】不同树种叶片表面特征对颗粒物的吸附有很大的影响,在利用树木叶片治理大气颗粒物污染过程中,可以优先选择银杏和桧柏。
【Objective】The tree species with strong adsorption capacity were selected to provide reference for improving air pollution.【Methods】At the end of April 2017,collecting the leaves of Firmiana simplex、Sop-hora japonica、Juniper-us chinensis、Ginkgo biloba、acer neg-undo aurea from Beijing University of Agriculture.Application of aerosol re-generator to determine the retention of air particulates(TSP,PM10,PM2.5,PM1.0)with different particle sizes by leaf area,and electron microscope scanning of the surface morphology of the leaf.【Results】The results showed that there were differences in the adsorption capacity per unit leaf area of different common tree species for atmospheric particles.The adsorption capacities of TSP and PM10 are in order of Ginkgo biloba,Juniperus chinensis,Sophora japonica,Acer negun doaurea,Firmiana simplex.the maximal adsorption capacity for PM2.5 and PM1.0 was Juniperus chinensis,the minimum was Firmiana simplex,and the order of adsorption capacity for PM2.5 and PM1.0 of Ginkgo biloba,Sophora japonica and Acer negundo aurea was different.【Conclusion】The leaf surface characteristics of different tree species have a great influence on the adsorption of particulate matter.Ginkgo and juniper can be chosen as the priority when using tree leaves to control airborne particulate matter pollution.
【Objective】The tree species with strong adsorption capacity were selected to provide reference for improving air pollution.【Methods】At the end of April 2017,collecting the leaves of Firmiana simplex、Sop-hora japonica、Juniper-us chinensis、Ginkgo biloba、acer neg-undo aurea from Beijing University of Agriculture.Application of aerosol re-generator to determine the retention of air particulates(TSP,PM10,PM2.5,PM1.0)with different particle sizes by leaf area,and electron microscope scanning of the surface morphology of the leaf.【Results】The results showed that there were differences in the adsorption capacity per unit leaf area of different common tree species for atmospheric particles.The adsorption capacities of TSP and PM10 are in order of Ginkgo biloba,Juniperus chinensis,Sophora japonica,Acer negun doaurea,Firmiana simplex.the maximal adsorption capacity for PM2.5 and PM1.0 was Juniperus chinensis,the minimum was Firmiana simplex,and the order of adsorption capacity for PM2.5 and PM1.0 of Ginkgo biloba,Sophora japonica and Acer negundo aurea was different.【Conclusion】The leaf surface characteristics of different tree species have a great influence on the adsorption of particulate matter.Ginkgo and juniper can be chosen as the priority when using tree leaves to control airborne particulate matter pollution.
引文
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[15]李海梅,刘霞.青岛市城阳区主要园林树种叶片表皮形态与滞尘量的关系[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(10):1659-1662
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[2]Dockery D W,Pope C A rd,Xu X,et al.An association between air pollution and mortality in six U.S.cities[J].The New England journal of medicine,1993,329(24):1753
[3]Huang R J,Zhang Y,Bozzetti C,et al.High secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China[J].Nature,2014,514(7521):218
[4]刘斌,鲁绍伟,李少宁,等.北京大兴6种常见绿化树种吸附PM2.5能力研究[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(2):31-37
[5]齐飞艳,朱彦锋,赵勇,等.郑州市园林植物滞留大气颗粒物能力的研究[J].河南农业大学学报,2009,43(3):256-259
[6]郭二果,王成,郄光发,等.北方地区典型天气对城市森林内大气颗粒物的影响[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(7):1185-1198
[7]么旭阳,胡耀升,刘艳红.北京市8种常见绿化树种滞尘效应[J].西北林学院报,2014,29(03):92-95
[8]唐效炎,张远航,邵敏.大气环境化学[M].第二版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006
[9]王蕾,高尚玉,刘连友,等.北京市11种园林植物滞留大气颗粒物能力研究[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(4):597-601
[10]陈小平,焦奕雯,裴婷婷,等.园林植物吸附细颗粒物(PM2.5)效应研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(9):2558-2566
[11]王兵,张维康,牛香,等.北京10个常绿树种颗粒物吸附能力研究[J].环境科学,2015,36(2):408-414
[12]Freer-Smith P H,Holloway S,Goodman A.The uptake of particulates by an urban woodland:site description and particulate composition[J].Environmental Pollution,1997,95(1):27
[13]Kulshreshtha K,Rai A,Mohanty C S,et al.Particulate pollution mitigating ability of some plant species[J].International Journal of Environmental Research,2009,3(1):137-142
[14]李海梅,王珂.青岛市城阳区5种绿化植物滞尘能力研究[J].山东林业科技,2009(3):34-36
[15]李海梅,刘霞.青岛市城阳区主要园林树种叶片表皮形态与滞尘量的关系[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(10):1659-1662
[16]柴一新,祝宁,韩焕金.城市绿化树种的滞尘效应—以哈尔滨市为例[J].应用生态学报,2002(9):1121-1126
[17]Hwang H J,Yook S J,Ahn K H.Experimental investigation of submission and ultra fine soot particle removal by tree leaves[J].Atmospheric Environment,2011,45(38):6987-6994